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Foundations of Cognitive Grammar: Volume II: Descriptive Application New edition [Hardback]

  • Format: Hardback, 277 pages, height x width: 229x152 mm, weight: 953 g
  • Pub. Date: 01-Aug-1991
  • Publisher: Stanford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0804719098
  • ISBN-13: 9780804719094
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  • Format: Hardback, 277 pages, height x width: 229x152 mm, weight: 953 g
  • Pub. Date: 01-Aug-1991
  • Publisher: Stanford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0804719098
  • ISBN-13: 9780804719094
Other books in subject:
This is the second volume of a two-volume work that introduces a new and fundamentally different conception of language structure and linguistic investigation. The central claim of cognitive grammar is that grammar forms a continuum with lexicon and is fully describable in terms of symbolic units (i.e. form-meaning pairings). In contrast to current orthodoxy, the author argues that grammar is not autonomous with respect to semantics, but rather reduces to patterns for the structuring and symbolization of conceptual content.

This volume suggests how to use the theoretical tools presented in Volume I, applying cognitive grammar to a broad array of representative grammatical phenomena, primarily (but by no means exclusively) drawn from English.

Reviews

"The amount of data and the wealth of analyses presented is impressive. . . . Langacker has again succeeded in producing a very stimulating and coherent piece of work. And the material analyses offered deserve much more careful attention and reflection than is possible within the limits of a review."

Canadian Journal of Linguistics

"Finding ways to talk about language as a cognitive process intricately interwoven with conceptual behavior seems to be the unifying concern of cognitive linguistics in general, and Langacker's work is of major significance in this respect. It has not been possible in this short review to do justice to the enormous complexity of the theoretical enterprise presented in Foundations of Cognitive Grammar nor the detail of analytical procedures and findings."

Australian Journal of Linguistics

Reviews

"The amount of data and the wealth of analyses presented is impressive. . . . Langacker has again succeeded in producing a very stimulating and coherent piece of work. And the material analyses offered deserve much more careful attention and reflection than is possible within the limits of a review."Canadian Journal of Linguistics

Review and Introduction 1(12)
PART I: NOMINAL STRUCTURE
Nouns
13(38)
Conceptual Basis
13(9)
A Cognitive Model
13(2)
An Abstract Characterization
15(4)
A Polar Opposition
19(3)
Nominalization
22(29)
Kinds
23(1)
Alternate Profiling
23(8)
Type vs. Instance Nominalizations
31(4)
Periphrasis
35(8)
Predictability
43(8)
Nominals: Functional Organization
51(45)
Semantic Functions
51(4)
Instantiation
55(18)
Type vs. Instance
55(3)
Proper Names
58(2)
Type Hierarchies
60(4)
Predicate Nominative Constructions
64(7)
Role Specifications
71(2)
Quantity
73(16)
Number
74(7)
Quantifiers
81(8)
Epistemic Predications
89(7)
Nominals: Grounding and Quantification
96(46)
Definiteness
96(11)
The Definite Article
97(6)
The Indefinite Article
103(4)
Relative Quantifiers
107(11)
Proportional Quantifiers
107(4)
Other Universal Quantifiers
111(7)
Quantificational Interactions
118(24)
Replicate Processes and Participants
118(7)
Quantifier Scope
125(7)
Scope of Negation
132(10)
Nominal Constructions
142(51)
Structural Organization
142(10)
Canonical Structure
142(6)
Other Configurations
148(4)
Patterns and Restrictions
152(11)
Class Schemas
152(4)
Constructional Schemas
156(3)
Larger Configurations
159(4)
Functional Alternatives
163(17)
Noun Classifiers
164(3)
Possessive Constructions
167(2)
Abstract Possession
169(3)
Basic Constructions
172(3)
Other Constructions
175(5)
Inflection and Agreement
180(13)
Noun Classes
180(5)
Gender Inflections
185(1)
Agreement Patterns
186(7)
PART II: CLAUSE STRUCTURE
The Auxiliary: Clausal Head
193(47)
Function and Organization
193(7)
Voice and Aspect
200(25)
The Passive Construction
200(7)
The Progressive Construction
207(4)
The Perfect Construction
211(1)
Current Relevance
211(4)
Subjectification
215(5)
Synthesis
220(5)
Patterns and Structure
225(15)
The Basic System
225(3)
Restrictions
228(5)
Componentiality
233(5)
Auxiliary Verbs
238(2)
The Auxiliary: Grounding
240(42)
Epistemic Distance
240(9)
Tense
249(20)
A Naive Characterization
250(3)
Sequence of Tenses
253(1)
Indirect Speech
253(3)
Reported Modals
256(4)
Additional Matters
260(2)
Present Tense
262(1)
A Structured World
263(3)
A Shifted Deictic Center
266(3)
Modals
269(13)
Historical Development
269(6)
The Dynamic Evolutionary Model
275(7)
Transitivity and Grammatical Relations
282(48)
The Conception of Events
282(11)
Models and Archetypes
283(3)
Conceptual Autonomy
286(5)
Starting Points
291(2)
The Coding of Events
293(11)
Coding and Construal
294(4)
Unmarked Coding
298(6)
Basic Grammatical Relations
304(26)
Subject
305(1)
Topicality
306(3)
A Schematic Definition
309(4)
Subject and Topic
313(4)
Universality
317(4)
Direct Object
321(3)
Indirect Object
324(6)
Marked Clause Structure
330(48)
Choice of Subject
330(25)
The Effect of Profiling
331(4)
Voice
335(8)
Setting vs. Participant
343(1)
Relevance to Transitivity
343(2)
Setting-Subject Constructions
345(3)
Double-Subject Constructions
348(3)
Abstract Settings
351(4)
Choice of Object
355(7)
Nondistinct Argument Phenomena
362(16)
Process vs. Participant
362(5)
Reflexivization
367(5)
Unspecificity
372(6)
Ergativity and Case
378(39)
Ergative vs. Accusative
378(8)
Ergativity
386(12)
Correlates of Autonomy
386(3)
Absolute Construal
389(4)
Discourse Function
393(1)
Introducing Discourse Participants
393(1)
Antipassives
394(2)
Split Ergativity
396(2)
Case Marking
398(10)
Meaningfulness
398(6)
Case-Marking Constructions
404(4)
Causative Constructions
408(9)
Grammatical Relations
409(2)
Case
411(6)
PART III: BEYOND THE CLAUSE
Complex Sentences
417(47)
General Discussion
417(21)
Internal Elaboration
419(4)
Connectors
423(6)
Referential Linkage
429(6)
Global Organization
435(3)
Complementation
438(26)
Complementizers
439(1)
Conceptual Subordination
439(3)
Temporal Coincidence
442(3)
Objectivity
445(4)
Raising
449(1)
Critique
450(3)
The Active-Zone Analysis
453(4)
Raising vs. Equi
457(7)
Further Issues
464(43)
Rule Interactions
464(8)
Coordination
472(18)
Conjunctions
472(4)
Level of Coordination
476(3)
Differentiation of Conjuncts
479(6)
Phonological Coinstantiation
485(5)
Anaphora
490(4)
Speech Acts
494(13)
Domains and Organization
495(3)
Viewing Arrangements
498(5)
Basic Sentence Types
503(4)
Theoretical Discussion
507(36)
Metaphors, Goals, and Expectations
507(7)
The Autonomy Issue
514(11)
Defining the Issue
515(5)
Assessing the Symbolic Alternative
520(5)
Processing, Rules, and Representations
525(12)
The Connectionist Alternative
526(2)
The Representation of Linguistic Structure
528(1)
A Spectrum of Positions
528(5)
The Nature of Linguistic Rules
533(4)
Conclusion and Prospectus
537(6)
REFERENCE MATTER
Glossary 543(14)
References 557(18)
Index 575
Ronald W. Langacker is Professor of Linguistics at the University of California, San Diego. He is the author or editor of several books on linguistics.