| Disclaimer |
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xiii | |
| Preface |
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xv | |
| About the Author |
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xvii | |
| Symbols and Abbreviations |
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xix | |
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1 | (10) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (2) |
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What Is an Industrial Steam System? |
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4 | (1) |
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How Is Industrial Steam Generated? |
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4 | (1) |
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What Is the Pressure Rating of a Boiler or a Steam Generator? |
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5 | (1) |
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What Is a Boiler Capacity Test Connection and How Is It Designed? |
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5 | (1) |
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What Is Equivalent Length of Pipe? |
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5 | (1) |
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What Is Valve Flow Coefficient, Cv? |
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6 | (1) |
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What Is Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) in a Pumping System? |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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What Are Applicable Codes and Standards for Industrial Steam Systems? |
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8 | (3) |
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2 Boiler Room Combustion and Ventilation Air |
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11 | (6) |
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Boiler Room Combustion Air |
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12 | (4) |
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Combustion Air from Inside |
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12 | (1) |
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Combustion Air from Outside |
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13 | (1) |
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Combustion Air from Outside by Gravity |
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13 | (1) |
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Combustion Air from Outside through Forced Air |
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14 | (1) |
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Combustion Air from Combination of Inside and Outside Air by Gravity |
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15 | (1) |
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Boiler Room Ventilation Air for Cooling |
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16 | (1) |
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3 Industrial Steam System Operation |
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17 | (4) |
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4 Industrial Steam System Equipment |
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21 | (44) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (4) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Boilers and Steam Generators |
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24 | (2) |
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Boiler Fittings and Accessories |
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26 | (17) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Chemical Injection Connection |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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Condensate Receiver Package |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for the Condensate Receiver Package |
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32 | (1) |
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Boiler Feed Water Package |
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33 | (1) |
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Heating Tank Feed Water Package |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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On-Off Boiler Feed Water Control |
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35 | (1) |
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Modulating Boiler Feed Water Control |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Heating Tank Feed Water Package |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Deaerator Feed Water Package |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Water Softeners |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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Steam Pressure Control Valve Maximum Steam Flow Rate |
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44 | (1) |
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Bypass Line Maximum Steam Flow Rate |
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45 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Pressure Relief Valves |
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45 | (1) |
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Steam Pressure Control Valves |
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45 | (3) |
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Direct Acting Steam Pressure Control Valves |
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46 | (1) |
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Pilot-Operated Steam Pressure Control Valves |
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46 | (1) |
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Externally Controlled Steam Pressure Control Valves |
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46 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Pressure Control Valves |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (3) |
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48 | (1) |
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Inverted Bucket Steam Trap |
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49 | (1) |
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Float and Thermostatic Steam Trap |
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49 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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Thermodynamic Steam Traps |
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49 | (1) |
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Recommended Steam Trap Type for Different Applications |
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50 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Steam Traps |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (3) |
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Electric-Powered Condensate Pump Package |
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51 | (2) |
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Pressure-Powered Condensate Pump Package |
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53 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Condensate Return Pumps |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Strainers |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Blowdown Separator |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (9) |
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Chemical Treatment Package |
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56 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Chemical Treatment Systems |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Boiler Stack |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Stack Economizers |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Backflow Preventers |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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Design Considerations for Drip Pan Elbows |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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5 Design Requirements for Piping around the Steam Boiler |
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65 | (8) |
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66 | (1) |
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Boiler Feed Water Piping and Valves |
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67 | (6) |
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Boiler Blowdown and Blowoff Piping and Valves |
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68 | (2) |
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Boiler Drain Piping and Valves |
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70 | (1) |
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Miscellaneous Piping and Valves |
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70 | (1) |
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Boiler Pressure Relief Valve |
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71 | (2) |
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6 Steam Plant Pipe Sizing and Design Considerations |
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73 | (12) |
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73 | (2) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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High-Pressure Steam Pipe Sizing |
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75 | (2) |
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Steam Condensate Pipe Sizing |
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77 | (4) |
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Open Wet Condensate Return Systems |
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79 | (1) |
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Closed Wet Condensate Return Systems |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Closed Dry Condensate Return Systems |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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Vents for Pressure Relief Valves |
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81 | (1) |
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Vents for Condensate Storage Tanks |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (3) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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7 Sample Steam Plant Project |
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85 | (116) |
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Project Description and Input Data |
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85 | (3) |
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88 | (14) |
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Sizing the Final Equipment Connection Pipes |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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Sizing the Condensate Piping |
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100 | (1) |
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Sizing the Pumped Condensate Line |
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100 | (1) |
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Sizing the Makeup Water Piping |
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100 | (1) |
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Sizing the Natural Gas Piping |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (12) |
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103 | (1) |
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Steam Generation Drawings, PID-1 and PID-2 |
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103 | (1) |
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Steam Distribution Drawings, PID-3 and PID-4 |
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103 | (1) |
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Condensate Pump and Chemical Feed, Drawing PID-5 |
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103 | (1) |
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Condensate Receiver Drawing, PID-6 |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Equipment General Arrangement Drawing |
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104 | (10) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (13) |
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Condensate Receiver Package |
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127 | (6) |
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Deaerator and Boiler Feed Water Package |
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133 | (9) |
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142 | (4) |
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146 | (5) |
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151 | (9) |
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160 | (3) |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (8) |
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171 | (6) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (5) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (15) |
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197 | (4) |
| Appendix A Tables |
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201 | (4) |
| Appendix B Piping Details |
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205 | (6) |
| Appendix C Resources |
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211 | (2) |
| Index |
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213 | |