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E-raamat: Materials Science for Engineers 5th edition [Taylor & Francis e-raamat]

(Imperial College, London, UK), (Imperial College, London, UK), (Imperial College, London, UK), (Imperial College, London, UK)
  • Formaat: 678 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Jun-2003
  • Kirjastus: Nelson Thornes Ltd
  • ISBN-13: 9781315272627
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Taylor & Francis e-raamat
  • Hind: 313,90 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Tavahind: 448,43 €
  • Säästad 30%
  • Formaat: 678 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Jun-2003
  • Kirjastus: Nelson Thornes Ltd
  • ISBN-13: 9781315272627
Teised raamatud teemal:
This fifth edition of a successful textbook continues to provide students with an introduction to the basic principles of materials science over a broad range of topics. The authors have revised and updated this edition to include many new applications and recently developed materials.

The book is presented in three parts. The first section discusses the physics, chemistry, and internal structure of materials. The second part examines the mechanical properties of materials and their application in engineering situations. The final section presents the electromagnetic properties of materials and their application. Each chapter begins with an outline of the relevance of its topics and ends with problems that require an understanding of the theory and some reasoning ability to resolve. These are followed by self-assessment questions, which test students' understanding of the principles of materials science and are designed to quickly cover the subject area of the chapter.

This edition of Materials Science for Engineers includes an expanded treatment of many materials, particulary polymers, foams, composites and functional materials. Of the latter, superconductors and magnetics have received greater coverage to account for the considerable development in these fields in recent years. New sections on liquid crystals, superalloys, and organic semiconductors have also been added to provide a comprehensive overview of the field of materials science.
Periodic table ii
Preface x
Prefaces to earlier editions x
Self-assessment questions xiv
Part I: Physics, chemistry and structure
The basis of materials science
Introduction
3(2)
Outline of the book
5(8)
Atoms as planetary systems
13(5)
Self-assessment questions
17(1)
Answers
17(1)
The smallest building blocks: electrons, photons and their behaviour
Introduction
18(1)
Fundamental properties of electrons and photons
19(1)
Particles or waves?
20(2)
Waves and particles -- the evidence
22(5)
Finding the values of e/m and e for electrons
27(2)
Wave mechanics -- matter, waves and probability
29(2)
Wave vectors, momentum and energy
31(1)
Potential energy for an electron
32(1)
Schrodinger's wave equation
33(1)
Electron confined in a `box': quantized energy and wavelength
34(6)
Problems
36(1)
Self-assessment questions
37(2)
Answers
39(1)
The simplest atom: hydrogen
Introduction
40(1)
Electron wave functions in the atom
41(6)
Spin of the electron
47(1)
Electron clouds in the hydrogen atom
48(1)
Energy levels and atomic spectra
48(7)
Problems
51(1)
Self-assessment questions
52(2)
Answers
54(1)
Atoms with many electrons: the periodic table
Introduction -- the nuclear atom
55(1)
Pauli's exclusion principle
56(1)
Electron states in multi-electron atoms
57(1)
Notation for quantum states
58(1)
The periodic table
59(2)
Transition elements
61(2)
Group number and chemical combination
63(5)
Problems
65(1)
Self-assessment questions
65(2)
Answers
67(1)
Molecules and interatomic bonding
Introduction -- classification of bonding mechanisms
68(1)
Electron pairing in a diatomic molecule
69(2)
Bonding in solids
71(1)
Ionic solids
72(3)
Covalent solids
75(1)
Metallic solids
76(1)
Combinations of bonding mechanisms
77(2)
Conjugated bonding: delocalized electrons in molecular orbitals
79(2)
Intermolecular bonding in molecular solids
81(3)
Bonding strengths measured by heat of vaporization
84(1)
Bonding strength and melting point
85(5)
Problems
87(1)
Self-assessment questions
87(2)
Answers
89(1)
The internal structure of crystals
Introduction
90(1)
Crystalline order, polycrystals and grain boundaries
90(1)
Single crystals and unit cells
91(3)
Interatomic distances and ionic radii
94(1)
Close-packed structures of identical spheres
94(3)
Ionic crystals
97(3)
Covalent crystals
100(1)
Crystals with mixed bonding
100(1)
Polymorphism
101(1)
Miller indices of atomic planes
102(2)
Crystallographic directions and the zone law
104(1)
Classification of crystal structures: Bravais lattices
104(2)
Advanced topic: Crystal symmetry and quasicrystals
106(2)
Molecular crystals
108(3)
Crystallinity in polymers
111(2)
Measurements on crystals and Bragg's law
113(6)
Problems
114(1)
Self-assessment questions
115(3)
Answers
118(1)
Thermal properties: kinetic theory, phonons and phase changes
Introduction
119(2)
`Hard sphere' model of a crystal
121(1)
The nature of thermal energy
122(1)
Summary of the kinetic theory of monatomic gases
122(1)
Energy distributions
123(3)
Some other energy distributions
126(1)
Thermal equilibrium
127(2)
Kinetic theory of solids -- interatomic forces
129(2)
Thermal expansion and the kinetic theory
131(1)
Lattice waves and phonons
132(4)
Specific heats of solids
136(2)
Advanced topic: Specific heats of polyatomic gases
138(1)
Allotropic phase changes
138(3)
Latent heat and specific heat
141(1)
Melting
141(1)
Thermodynamics
142(1)
Multiphase solids
143(1)
Rate theory of phase changes
143(3)
Metastable phases
146(1)
Other applications of the rate theory
147(1)
Chemical reactions
147(1)
Diffusion
148(2)
Thermal conductivity in solids
150(8)
Problems
152(1)
Self-assessment questions
153(4)
Answers
157(1)
Crystal defects
Introduction
158(1)
Point defects
159(3)
Vacancy-assisted diffusion of impurities and self-diffusion
162(6)
Line defects
168(13)
Planar defects
181(10)
Problems
185(1)
Self-assessment questions
185(3)
Answers
188(3)
Part II: Mechanical properties and applications
Mechanical properties
Introduction
191(2)
Elastic deformation
193(9)
Viscous deformation
202(5)
Anelastic and viscoelastic deformation
207(5)
Plastic deformation
212(5)
Fracture
217(10)
Mechanical testing
227(25)
Problems
247(1)
Self-assessment questions
248(3)
Answers
251(1)
Phase diagrams and microstructure of alloys
Introduction
252(1)
Solid solutions and intermediate phases
253(3)
Equilibrium phase diagrams
256(10)
Free energy and equilibrium phase diagrams
266(4)
Nucleation and growth
270(2)
Martensitic transformation
272(1)
Strengthening mechanisms
273(8)
Some commercial alloy systems
281(16)
Corrosion
297(8)
Passivation in stainless steels
305(7)
Problems
306(1)
Self-assessment questions
307(4)
Answers
311(1)
Ceramics
Introduction
312(1)
Structure of ceramics
312(4)
Production of ceramics other than glass and cement
316(6)
Production of glass
322(3)
Mechanical properties of ceramics
325(3)
Wear and erosion resistance
328(1)
Thermal shock
329(2)
A commercial ceramic system: the silica--alumina system
331(2)
Two technical ceramics -- zirconias and Sialons
333(4)
Cement and concrete
337(8)
Problems
342(1)
Self-assessment questions
342(2)
Answers
344(1)
Polymers and plastics
Introduction
345(1)
Molecular structure
346(10)
Mechanics of flexible polymer chains
356(9)
Thermoplastic melts
365(7)
Amorphous polymers
372(7)
Crystalline polymers
379(7)
Crosslinked polymers
386(5)
Liquid crystal polymers
391(2)
Mechanical properties
393(7)
Chemical properties
400(2)
Other polymer properties and applications
402(9)
Problems
405(1)
Self-assessment questions
406(4)
Answers
410(1)
Multiphase materials and composites
Introduction
411(1)
Particulate fillers in plastics
412(2)
Rubber-toughened polymers
414(3)
Fibre-reinforced composites
417(22)
Cellular solids
439(12)
Problems
446(1)
Self-assessment questions
447(1)
Answers
448(3)
Part III: Electromagnetic properties and applications
Electrical conduction in metals
Introduction: role of the valence electrons
451(2)
Electrons in a field-free crystal
453(4)
`Electron gas' approximation
457(1)
Electron motion in applied electric fields
458(1)
Calculation of drift velocity vd
459(2)
Phonon scattering
461(1)
Dependence of resistivity on temperature
462(1)
Dependence of resistivity on structure and magnetic fields
462(2)
Superconductivity
464(7)
Collision probability and mean free time of electrons
471(4)
Problems
472(1)
Self-assessment questions
473(1)
Answers
474(1)
Semiconductors
Introduction
475(1)
Bonding and conductivity
475(2)
Semiconductors
477(2)
Conduction by holes
479(1)
Energy bands in a semiconductor
480(1)
Excitation of electrons
481(2)
Doped semiconductors (n-type semiconductors)
483(3)
Doped semiconductors (p-type semiconductors)
486(1)
Compound semiconductors and their uses
487(2)
Organic semiconductors
489(4)
Semiconductor devices: the p--n junction diode as an electric current rectifier
493(4)
Current flow through a p--n junction with voltage bias
497(2)
Field effect transistors (FETs)
499(2)
Junction transistors
501(1)
Properties of amorphous silicon: α-Si
502(1)
Metal-to-semiconductor contacts
503(2)
Advanced topic: Conduction processes in wide band gap materials
505(6)
Problems
506(1)
Self-assessment questions
507(3)
Answers
510(1)
Semiconductor materials processing
Introduction
511(1)
Materials requirements
512(2)
Purification of silicon
514(2)
Silicon crystal growth
516(2)
Crystal doping
518(1)
Wafer preparation
519(2)
Epitaxial growth
521(3)
Integrated bipolar transistor fabrication
524(2)
Patterning by photolithography and etching
526(2)
Impurity diffusion
528(1)
Prediction of depth profiles for diffused dopant concentrations
529(1)
Formation of p-n junctions
530(2)
Ion implantation
532(3)
Thermal oxidation of silicon
535(2)
Metal conductors and interleaving insulation
537(3)
Metallic interconnections
540(6)
Problems
543(1)
Self-assessment questions
544(1)
Answers
545(1)
Magnetic materials
Introduction
546(1)
Magnetic moment of a body
547(1)
The origin of atomic magnetic moments
548(4)
The 3d transition elements
552(1)
Alignment of atomic magnetic moments in a solid
553(1)
Parallel atomic moments -- ferromagnetism
554(1)
Temperature dependence of the magnetization in a ferromagnetic material
555(1)
Antiparallel atomic moments -- antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials
556(1)
Magnetization and magnetic domains
556(6)
Some soft magnetic materials
562(4)
Hard or `permanent' magnetic materials
566(2)
Magnetoresistance
568(6)
Problems
570(1)
Self-assessment questions
571(2)
Answers
573(1)
Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric materials
Introduction
574(1)
Energy bands in dielectrics
575(2)
Coulomb's law
577(2)
A.C. permittivity
579(1)
Electric flux density
580(2)
Polarization
582(2)
Mechanisms of polarization
584(1)
Optical polarizability (αe)
585(1)
Molecular polarizability (αa and αd)
585(1)
Interfacial polarizability (αi)
586(1)
Classification of dielectrics
586(2)
Piezoelectricity
588(2)
Piezoelectric materials
590(2)
Pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity
592(4)
Pyroelectric devices
596(1)
Advanced topic: Complex permittivity
597(1)
Measurement of permittivity
598(4)
Problems
598(1)
Self-assessment questions
599(2)
Answers
601(1)
Optical materials
Introduction
602(1)
Absorption spectroscopy
603(2)
A model for crystal lattice absorption
605(3)
Electronic absorption in insulators
608(2)
Electronic absorption in metals
610(1)
Electronic absorption in semiconductors
610(1)
The refractive index
611(1)
Scattering of optical radiation
612(1)
Optical fibres
613(2)
Luminescence
615(2)
Principles of lasers: optical amplification
617(4)
Laser materials
621(3)
Liquid crystals
624(7)
Problems
628(1)
Self-assessment questions
628(2)
Answers
630(1)
Further reading 631(2)
Appendix 1: Units and conversion factors 633(3)
Appendix 2: Physical constants 636(1)
Appendix 3: Physical properties of elements 637(2)
Appendix 4: Fourier analysis: an introduction 639(4)
Appendix 5: Wave mechanics 643(5)
Answers to problems 648(4)
Index 652


J.C. Anderson, Keith D. Leaver, Rees D. Rawlings, Patrick S. Leevers