| Periodic table |
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| Preface |
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| Prefaces to earlier editions |
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| Self-assessment questions |
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xiv | |
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Part I: Physics, chemistry and structure |
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The basis of materials science |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (8) |
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Atoms as planetary systems |
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13 | (5) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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The smallest building blocks: electrons, photons and their behaviour |
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18 | (1) |
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Fundamental properties of electrons and photons |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (2) |
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Waves and particles -- the evidence |
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22 | (5) |
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Finding the values of e/m and e for electrons |
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27 | (2) |
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Wave mechanics -- matter, waves and probability |
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29 | (2) |
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Wave vectors, momentum and energy |
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31 | (1) |
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Potential energy for an electron |
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32 | (1) |
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Schrodinger's wave equation |
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33 | (1) |
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Electron confined in a `box': quantized energy and wavelength |
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34 | (6) |
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36 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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37 | (2) |
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39 | (1) |
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The simplest atom: hydrogen |
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40 | (1) |
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Electron wave functions in the atom |
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41 | (6) |
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47 | (1) |
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Electron clouds in the hydrogen atom |
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48 | (1) |
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Energy levels and atomic spectra |
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48 | (7) |
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51 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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Atoms with many electrons: the periodic table |
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Introduction -- the nuclear atom |
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55 | (1) |
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Pauli's exclusion principle |
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56 | (1) |
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Electron states in multi-electron atoms |
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57 | (1) |
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Notation for quantum states |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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61 | (2) |
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Group number and chemical combination |
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63 | (5) |
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65 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (1) |
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Molecules and interatomic bonding |
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Introduction -- classification of bonding mechanisms |
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68 | (1) |
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Electron pairing in a diatomic molecule |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (3) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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Combinations of bonding mechanisms |
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77 | (2) |
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Conjugated bonding: delocalized electrons in molecular orbitals |
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79 | (2) |
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Intermolecular bonding in molecular solids |
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81 | (3) |
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Bonding strengths measured by heat of vaporization |
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84 | (1) |
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Bonding strength and melting point |
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85 | (5) |
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87 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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The internal structure of crystals |
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90 | (1) |
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Crystalline order, polycrystals and grain boundaries |
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90 | (1) |
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Single crystals and unit cells |
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91 | (3) |
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Interatomic distances and ionic radii |
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94 | (1) |
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Close-packed structures of identical spheres |
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94 | (3) |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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Crystals with mixed bonding |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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Miller indices of atomic planes |
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102 | (2) |
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Crystallographic directions and the zone law |
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104 | (1) |
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Classification of crystal structures: Bravais lattices |
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104 | (2) |
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Advanced topic: Crystal symmetry and quasicrystals |
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106 | (2) |
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108 | (3) |
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Crystallinity in polymers |
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111 | (2) |
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Measurements on crystals and Bragg's law |
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113 | (6) |
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114 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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115 | (3) |
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118 | (1) |
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Thermal properties: kinetic theory, phonons and phase changes |
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119 | (2) |
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`Hard sphere' model of a crystal |
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121 | (1) |
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The nature of thermal energy |
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122 | (1) |
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Summary of the kinetic theory of monatomic gases |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (3) |
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Some other energy distributions |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (2) |
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Kinetic theory of solids -- interatomic forces |
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129 | (2) |
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Thermal expansion and the kinetic theory |
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131 | (1) |
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Lattice waves and phonons |
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132 | (4) |
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136 | (2) |
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Advanced topic: Specific heats of polyatomic gases |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (3) |
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Latent heat and specific heat |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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Rate theory of phase changes |
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143 | (3) |
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146 | (1) |
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Other applications of the rate theory |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (2) |
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Thermal conductivity in solids |
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150 | (8) |
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152 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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153 | (4) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (3) |
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Vacancy-assisted diffusion of impurities and self-diffusion |
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162 | (6) |
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168 | (13) |
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181 | (10) |
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185 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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185 | (3) |
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188 | (3) |
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Part II: Mechanical properties and applications |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (9) |
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202 | (5) |
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Anelastic and viscoelastic deformation |
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207 | (5) |
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212 | (5) |
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217 | (10) |
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227 | (25) |
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247 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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248 | (3) |
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251 | (1) |
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Phase diagrams and microstructure of alloys |
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252 | (1) |
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Solid solutions and intermediate phases |
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253 | (3) |
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Equilibrium phase diagrams |
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256 | (10) |
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Free energy and equilibrium phase diagrams |
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266 | (4) |
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270 | (2) |
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Martensitic transformation |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (8) |
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Some commercial alloy systems |
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281 | (16) |
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297 | (8) |
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Passivation in stainless steels |
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305 | (7) |
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306 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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307 | (4) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (4) |
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Production of ceramics other than glass and cement |
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316 | (6) |
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322 | (3) |
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Mechanical properties of ceramics |
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325 | (3) |
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Wear and erosion resistance |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (2) |
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A commercial ceramic system: the silica--alumina system |
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331 | (2) |
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Two technical ceramics -- zirconias and Sialons |
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333 | (4) |
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337 | (8) |
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342 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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342 | (2) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (10) |
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Mechanics of flexible polymer chains |
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356 | (9) |
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365 | (7) |
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372 | (7) |
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379 | (7) |
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386 | (5) |
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391 | (2) |
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393 | (7) |
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400 | (2) |
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Other polymer properties and applications |
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402 | (9) |
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405 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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406 | (4) |
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410 | (1) |
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Multiphase materials and composites |
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411 | (1) |
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Particulate fillers in plastics |
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412 | (2) |
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Rubber-toughened polymers |
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414 | (3) |
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Fibre-reinforced composites |
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417 | (22) |
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439 | (12) |
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446 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (3) |
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Part III: Electromagnetic properties and applications |
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Electrical conduction in metals |
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Introduction: role of the valence electrons |
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451 | (2) |
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Electrons in a field-free crystal |
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453 | (4) |
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`Electron gas' approximation |
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457 | (1) |
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Electron motion in applied electric fields |
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458 | (1) |
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Calculation of drift velocity vd |
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459 | (2) |
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461 | (1) |
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Dependence of resistivity on temperature |
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462 | (1) |
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Dependence of resistivity on structure and magnetic fields |
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462 | (2) |
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464 | (7) |
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Collision probability and mean free time of electrons |
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471 | (4) |
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472 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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473 | (1) |
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474 | (1) |
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475 | (1) |
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475 | (2) |
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477 | (2) |
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479 | (1) |
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Energy bands in a semiconductor |
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480 | (1) |
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481 | (2) |
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Doped semiconductors (n-type semiconductors) |
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483 | (3) |
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Doped semiconductors (p-type semiconductors) |
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486 | (1) |
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Compound semiconductors and their uses |
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487 | (2) |
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489 | (4) |
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Semiconductor devices: the p--n junction diode as an electric current rectifier |
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493 | (4) |
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Current flow through a p--n junction with voltage bias |
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497 | (2) |
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Field effect transistors (FETs) |
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499 | (2) |
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501 | (1) |
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Properties of amorphous silicon: α-Si |
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502 | (1) |
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Metal-to-semiconductor contacts |
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503 | (2) |
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Advanced topic: Conduction processes in wide band gap materials |
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505 | (6) |
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506 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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507 | (3) |
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510 | (1) |
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Semiconductor materials processing |
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511 | (1) |
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512 | (2) |
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514 | (2) |
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516 | (2) |
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518 | (1) |
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519 | (2) |
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521 | (3) |
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Integrated bipolar transistor fabrication |
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524 | (2) |
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Patterning by photolithography and etching |
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526 | (2) |
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528 | (1) |
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Prediction of depth profiles for diffused dopant concentrations |
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529 | (1) |
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Formation of p-n junctions |
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530 | (2) |
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532 | (3) |
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Thermal oxidation of silicon |
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535 | (2) |
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Metal conductors and interleaving insulation |
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537 | (3) |
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Metallic interconnections |
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540 | (6) |
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543 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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544 | (1) |
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545 | (1) |
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546 | (1) |
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Magnetic moment of a body |
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547 | (1) |
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The origin of atomic magnetic moments |
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548 | (4) |
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The 3d transition elements |
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552 | (1) |
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Alignment of atomic magnetic moments in a solid |
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553 | (1) |
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Parallel atomic moments -- ferromagnetism |
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554 | (1) |
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Temperature dependence of the magnetization in a ferromagnetic material |
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555 | (1) |
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Antiparallel atomic moments -- antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials |
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556 | (1) |
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Magnetization and magnetic domains |
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556 | (6) |
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Some soft magnetic materials |
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562 | (4) |
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Hard or `permanent' magnetic materials |
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566 | (2) |
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568 | (6) |
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570 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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571 | (2) |
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573 | (1) |
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Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and pyroelectric materials |
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574 | (1) |
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Energy bands in dielectrics |
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575 | (2) |
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577 | (2) |
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579 | (1) |
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580 | (2) |
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582 | (2) |
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Mechanisms of polarization |
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584 | (1) |
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Optical polarizability (αe) |
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585 | (1) |
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Molecular polarizability (αa and αd) |
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585 | (1) |
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Interfacial polarizability (αi) |
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586 | (1) |
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Classification of dielectrics |
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586 | (2) |
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588 | (2) |
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590 | (2) |
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Pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity |
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592 | (4) |
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596 | (1) |
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Advanced topic: Complex permittivity |
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597 | (1) |
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Measurement of permittivity |
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598 | (4) |
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598 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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599 | (2) |
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601 | (1) |
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602 | (1) |
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603 | (2) |
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A model for crystal lattice absorption |
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605 | (3) |
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Electronic absorption in insulators |
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608 | (2) |
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Electronic absorption in metals |
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610 | (1) |
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Electronic absorption in semiconductors |
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610 | (1) |
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611 | (1) |
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Scattering of optical radiation |
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612 | (1) |
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613 | (2) |
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615 | (2) |
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Principles of lasers: optical amplification |
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617 | (4) |
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621 | (3) |
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624 | (7) |
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628 | (1) |
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Self-assessment questions |
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628 | (2) |
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630 | (1) |
| Further reading |
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631 | (2) |
| Appendix 1: Units and conversion factors |
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633 | (3) |
| Appendix 2: Physical constants |
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636 | (1) |
| Appendix 3: Physical properties of elements |
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637 | (2) |
| Appendix 4: Fourier analysis: an introduction |
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639 | (4) |
| Appendix 5: Wave mechanics |
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643 | (5) |
| Answers to problems |
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648 | (4) |
| Index |
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652 | |