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E-raamat: Resistive Gaseous Detectors - Designs, Performance, and Perspectives: Designs, Performance, and Perspectives [Wiley Online]

  • Formaat: 400 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Apr-2018
  • Kirjastus: Blackwell Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 3527698698
  • ISBN-13: 9783527698691
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 185,03 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Formaat: 400 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Apr-2018
  • Kirjastus: Blackwell Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 3527698698
  • ISBN-13: 9783527698691
Teised raamatud teemal:
This first book to critically summarize the latest achievements and emerging applications within this interdisciplinary topic focuses on one of the most important types of detectors for elementary particles and photons: resistive plate chambers (RPCs).
In the first part, the outstanding, international team of authors comprehensively describes and presents the features and design of single and double-layer RPCs before covering more advanced multi-layer RPCs. The second part then focuses on the application of RPCs in high energy physics, materials science, medicine and security.
Throughout, the experienced authors adopt a didactic approach, with each subject presented in a simple way, increasing in complexity step by step.
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
Abbreviations xiii
Introduction 1(366)
1 "Classical" Gaseous Detectors and Their Limits
5(22)
1.1 Ionization Chambers
5(2)
1.2 Single-Wire Counters Operated in Avalanche Mode
7(1)
1.3 Avalanche and Discharge Development in Uniform or Cylindrical Electric Fields
8(8)
1.3.1 Fast Breakdown
14(2)
1.3.2 Slow Breakdown
16(1)
1.4 Pulsed Spark and Streamer Detectors
16(2)
1.5 Multiwire Proportional Chambers
18(2)
1.6 A New Idea for Discharge Quenching and Localization
20(4)
References
24(3)
2 Historical Developments Leading to Modern Resistive Gaseous Detectors
27(18)
2.1 Introduction: the Importance of the Parallel-Plate Geometry
27(3)
2.2 First Parallel-Plate Counters
30(4)
2.3 Further Developments
34(1)
2.4 The First RPC Prototypes
35(2)
2.5 Pestov's Planar Spark Chambers
37(4)
2.6 Wire-Type Detectors with Resistive Cathodes
41(1)
References
42(3)
3 Basics of Resistive Plate Chambers
45(66)
3.1 Introduction
45(1)
3.2 Santonico and Cardarelli's RPCs
45(7)
3.3 Glass RPCs
52(3)
3.4 Avalanche and Streamer Modes
55(9)
3.4.1 Streamer Mode
55(5)
3.4.2 Avalanche Mode
60(4)
3.5 Signal Development
64(17)
3.5.1 Signal Formation
64(10)
3.5.2 Charge Distribution
74(2)
3.5.3 Efficiency
76(2)
3.5.4 Time Resolution
78(2)
3.5.5 Position Resolution
80(1)
3.6 Choice of Gas Mixtures
81(11)
3.6.1 Main Requirements for RPC Gas Mixtures
81(3)
3.6.2 Quenching Gas Mixtures
84(45)
3.6.2.1 General Information
84(2)
3.6.2.2 Historical Review about Gas Mixtures for Inhibiting Photon Feedback
86(4)
3.6.2.3 Some Considerations on Delayed Afterpulses
90(2)
3.7 Current in RPCs
92(4)
3.8 Dark Counting Rate
96(3)
3.9 Effects of Temperature and Pressure
99(7)
References
106(5)
4 Further Developments in Resistive Plate Chambers
111(50)
4.1 Double Gap RPCs
111(2)
4.2 Wide-Gap RPCs
113(4)
4.3 The Multi-gap RPCs
117(10)
4.4 "Space-Charge" Effects
127(2)
4.5 Review of Analytical Models of RPC Behavior
129(9)
4.5.1 Electron Avalanches Deeply Affected by Space Charge
131(3)
4.5.2 Highly Variable Currents Flowing through Resistive Materials
134(1)
4.5.3 Electrical Induction through Materials with Varied Electrical Properties
135(1)
4.5.4 Propagation of Fast Signals in Multiconductor Transmission Lines
135(3)
4.6 Timing RPCs
138(5)
4.7 The Importance of Front-End Electronics for Operation in Streamer and Avalanche Modes
143(1)
4.8 Attempts to Increase Sensitivity via Secondary Electron Emission
143(11)
References
154(7)
5 Resistive Plate Chambers in High Energy Physics Experiments
161(50)
5.1 Early Experiments Using RPCs
161(8)
5.2 RPCs for the L3 Experiment at LEP
169(3)
5.3 The Instrumented Flux Return of the BaBar Experiment
172(4)
5.4 The ARGO-YBJ Detector
176(4)
5.5 The "BIG" Experiments: ATLAS, ALICE, and CMS at LHC
180(15)
5.5.1 ATLAS
182(5)
5.5.2 CMS
187(6)
5.5.3 Some Common Themes to ATLAS and CMS
193(1)
5.5.4 ALICE
193(2)
5.6 The RPC-TOF System of the HADES Experiment
195(6)
5.7 The Extreme Energy Events Experiment
201(5)
5.8 Other Experiments
206(2)
References
208(3)
6 Materials and Aging in Resistive Plate Chambers
211(42)
6.1 Materials
211(18)
6.1.1 Glasses and Glass RPCs
213(8)
6.1.2 Bakelite
221(2)
6.1.3 Methods to Measure Bakelite Resistivity
223(5)
6.1.4 Semiconductive Materials
228(1)
6.2 Aging Effects
229(8)
6.2.1 Aging in RPCs Operated in Streamer Mode
229(6)
6.2.1.1 L3 and Belle
229(1)
6.2.1.2 Experience Gained in BaBar
230(5)
6.2.2 Melamine and Bakelite RPCs without linseed oil treatment
235(2)
6.3 Aging Studies of RPC Prototypes Operated in Avalanche Mode Designed for the LHC Experiments
237(9)
6.3.1 Temperature Effects
240(1)
6.3.2 Effects of HF and Other Chemical Species
241(3)
6.3.3 Other Possible Changes in Bakelite Electrodes
244(1)
6.3.4 Closed-Loop Gas Systems for LHC RPCs
244(2)
6.4 Aging Studies on Multi-Gap RPCs
246(2)
References
248(5)
7 Advanced Designs: High-Rate, High-Spatial Resolution Resistive Plate Chambers
253(32)
7.1 The Issue of Rate Capability
253(4)
7.2 The "Static" Model of RPCs at High Rate
257(4)
7.3 The "Dynamic" Model of RPCs at High Rate
261(5)
7.4 The Upgrade of the Muon Systems of ATLAS and CMS
266(3)
7.5 Special High Rate RPCs
269(10)
7.5.1 High-Rate, High-Position Resolution RPCs
276(3)
7.6 High-Position Resolution Timing RPCs
279(3)
References
282(3)
8 New Developments in the Family of Gaseous Detectors: Micropattern Detectors with Resistive Electrodes
285(22)
8.1 "Classical" Micropattern Detectors with Metallic Electrodes
285(4)
8.2 Spark-Proven GEM-like Detectors with Resistive Electrodes
289(5)
8.3 Resistive Micromesh Detectors
294(4)
8.4 Resistive Microstrip Detectors
298(2)
8.5 Resistive Micro-Pixel Detectors
300(1)
8.6 Resistive Microhole-Microstrip and Microstrip-Microdot Detectors
301(3)
References
304(3)
9 Applications beyond High Energy Physics and Current Trends
307(42)
9.1 Positron Emission Tomography with RPCs
307(3)
9.2 Thermal Neutron Detection with RPCs
310(4)
9.3 Muon Tomography and Applications for Homeland Security
314(8)
9.4 X-Ray Imaging
322(4)
9.5 Cost-Efficient Radon Detectors Based on Resistive GEMs
326(5)
9.6 Resistive GEMs for UV Photon Detection
331(7)
9.6.1 CsI-Based Resistive GEMs for RICH
332(5)
9.6.2 Flame and Spark Detection and Visualization with Resistive GEMs
337(1)
9.7 Cryogenic Detectors with resistive electrodes
338(3)
9.8 Digital Calorimetry with RPCs
341(3)
References
344(5)
Conclusions and Perspectives
349(18)
A Some Guidelines for RPC Fabrication
353(12)
A.1 Assembling of Bakelite RPCs
353(3)
A.2 Assembling of Glass RPCs
356(5)
A.3 Assembling of Glass MRPCs
361(4)
References
365(2)
Glossary 367(6)
Index 373
Marcello Abbrescia is professor at the Bari University, Italy, and associate researcher for the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics. Since the beginning of his scientific career he has been working on gaseous detectors and specifically Resistive Plate Chambers. He is member of the CMS collaboration at CERN, where he contributed to design and build the CMS/RPC system, being also responsible for its upgrade toward the High Luminosity phase of LHC. He developed one of the first models describing RPC behavior, and lead researches on RPC for applications in humanitarian demining. He is also coordinator of the Extreme Energy Events collaboration, and author or co-author of more than 700 papers on particle physics or instrumentation for particle physics.

Vladimir Peskov is chief scientist at the Institute for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). Having obtained his academic degrees from the Institute of Physical Problems RAS in Moscow, he worked in the Physics Laboratory RAS led by P.L. Kapitza where he discovered and studied a new type of plasma instability. In 1986 he obtained an Associate Scientist position at CERN in G. Charpak's group and later spent most of his career working at various Scientific Institutions (CERN, Fermi National Laboratory, NASA and the Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden) on the instrumentation for high energy physics, astrophysics and medicine. He is author or co-author of more than 200 publications, three scientific books and twelve international patents.

Paulo Fonte is professor at the Institute of Engineering of the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra and senior researcher at the Laboratory for Instrumentation and High Energy Particle Physics, Portugal. Made his doctoral work at CERN in G. Charpak's group, collaborating closely since then with V. Peskov in many detector-related themes. He has been deeply involved in the original development of timing Resistive Plate Chambers and his group has pursued the extension of this technology towards new capabilities and applications, being responsible for the RPC TOF wall of the HADES experiment. He is member of the HADES and RD51 international collaborations. With a special interest in detector physics, he authored or co-authored about 180 publications.