At the heart of modern Japan there remains an intractable and divisive social problem with its roots in pre-history, namely the ongoing social discrimination against the Dōwa communities, otherwise known as Buraku. Their marginalization and isolation within society as a whole remains a veiled yet contested issue. Buraku studies, once largely ignored within Japans academia and by scholarly publishers, have developed considerably in the first decades of the twenty-first century, as the extensive bibliographies of both Japanese and English sources provided here clearly demonstrates. The authors of the present study published in Japanese in 2016 and translated here by the Oxford scholar Ian Neary, have been able to incorporate this most recent data. Because of its importance as the first Buraku history based on this new research, a wider readership was always the authors principal focus. Yet, it also provides a valuable source book for further study by those wishing to develop their knowledge about the subject from an informed base. This history of the Buraku communities and their antecedents is the first such study to be published in English.
Translator's Preface by Ian NEARY, Foreword by TERAKI Nobuaki, List of
Figures, PART I,
Chapter 1: Establishment of the Japanese State and the
Formation and Transformation of Status, Status in the small states of
pre-history, Status in the Yamato state The creation of the Yamato state and
the formation of clans and ranks,
Chapter 2: Formation of the Ritsury? State
Structure and the Status System, The formation of the ritsury? structure,
The creation of a senmin system beneath the status system of the ritsury?
structures Senmin in the ritsury? system The disruption and dismantling of
the ritsury? status system The role played by immigrants and their social
position, Strategies and attitudes to those living on the islands to the
North, the North-east and the South The strengthening of discrimination
based on ideas of pollution in the Heian period, The origins of occupational
discrimination against butchers and leather workers,
Chapter 3: Formation and
Development of Society in the Middle Ages and the Lifestyle and Culture of
Discriminated People, The structure and development of society in the Middle
Ages, Features of the status system of the Middle Ages, Formation and
living conditions of the eta - kiyome, saiku, kawaramono - in the early
Middle Ages, Hinin of the early Middle Ages and their way of life, Sanjo
and their lives in the early Middle Ages, Transformation of society in the
Middle Ages, Work and livelihood of the kawaramono: eta, kiyome and saiku in
the late Middle Ages, The work of hinin, sanjo (sh?moji) and their lives in
the late Middle Ages Kawata in the era of Warring States (Sengoku Jidai),
Chapter 4: Establishment of Kawata and Ch?ri Status - the Buraku of the Early
Modern Period, Rule of the Toyotomi, the early Tokugawa regime, and the
kawata/ch?ri Bakuhan structure of rule and the status system, Formation of
the kawata and ch?ri - the Buraku of the early modern period, Reality of the
status regulations of the Edo Period, Control of discriminated people and
the discrimination policy of the feudal lords in the early Edo Period,
Occupations of the kawata and ch?ri in the early Edo Period,
Responsibilities of kawata and ch?ri in the early Edo Period
Chapter 5:
Discriminated Groups of the Early Modern Period, Formation of hinin status
groups and their responsibilities, Other discriminated groups
Chapter 6:
Development of Early Modern (Kinsei) Society and Discriminated People,
Social trends in the mid-Edo period and the discrimination policies used by
the Bakufu authorities and feudal lords to control discriminated groups,
Occupations of the kawata and ch?ri in the mid-Edo period, Social context of
discriminated people in the mid-Edo period, Religion and kawata/ch?ri in the
mid-Edo period,
Chapter 7: Dislocation and Collapse of Early Modern Society
and Discriminated People, Social trends in late-Edo Japan and discriminated
people, Changes in the occupations of the kawata and ch?ri in the later Edo
Period, Demographic change among the discriminated communities and its
impact, Struggles of discriminated groups and the development of
emancipatory thought 108, Discriminated people and social change on the
verge of the Restoration - the eve of the liberation edict PART, II
Chapter
8: What was the 'Buraku Problem' in the Modern Period?, Questioning society
Buraku - discriminated Buraku - D?wa districts, The boundaries that replaced
status, Start of the modern Buraku problem -the Liberation Edict Debate in
the K?gisho, Promotion by the Minbush? and the Treasury
Chapter 9: Signs of
Discrimination Invented, Maintenance of 'old customs', Rejection of
discrimination by the 'Japanese Enlightenment', Freedom, people's rights
movement and the 'Buraku problem', New 'signifiers' - hotbeds
Teraki Nobuaki(Momoyama Gakuin) and Kurokawa Midori(Shizuoka University). Translated by Ian Neary(Oxford University).
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