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List of figures and tables |
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xii | |
Preface |
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xiii | |
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1 Multivariate analysis and the linear regression model |
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1 | (29) |
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1 | (6) |
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1.2 Existence of a solution to the normal equation |
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7 | (3) |
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1.3 The concept of wide-sense conditional expectation |
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10 | (4) |
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1.4 Conditional expectation with normal variables |
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14 | (1) |
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1.5 The relation between wide-sense and strict-sense conditional expectation |
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15 | (2) |
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1.6 Conditional means and minimum mean-square error |
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17 | (3) |
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20 | (3) |
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1.8 The relation between Bayes and Gauss---Markov estimation in the case of a single independent variable |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (3) |
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2 Least-squares and Gauss---Markov theory |
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30 | (35) |
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30 | (1) |
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2.2 Principles of estimation |
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31 | (2) |
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2.3 The concept of a generalized inverse of a matrix |
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33 | (2) |
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2.4 The matrix Cauchy---Schwarz inequality and an extension |
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35 | (2) |
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2.5 Gauss---Markov theory |
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37 | (4) |
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2.6 The relation between Gauss---Markov and least-squares estimators |
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41 | (8) |
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2.7 Minimum-bias estimation |
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49 | (2) |
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2.8 Multicollinearity and the imposition of dummy linear restrictions |
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51 | (4) |
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55 | (5) |
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60 | (5) |
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3 Multicollinearity and reduced-rank estimation |
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65 | (23) |
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65 | (1) |
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3.2 Singular-value decomposition of a matrix |
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65 | (3) |
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3.3 The condition number of a matrix |
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68 | (2) |
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3.4 The Eckart---Young theorem |
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70 | (11) |
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3.5 Reduced-rank estimation |
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81 | (5) |
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86 | (2) |
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4 The treatment of linear restrictions |
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88 | (38) |
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4.1 Estimation subject to linear restrictions |
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88 | (4) |
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4.2 Linear aggregation and duality |
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92 | (9) |
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4.3 Testing linear restrictions |
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101 | (5) |
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4.4 Reduction of mean-square error by imposition of linear restrictions |
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106 | (2) |
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4.5 Uncertain linear restrictions |
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108 | (1) |
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4.6 Properties of the generalized ridge estimator |
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109 | (3) |
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4.7 Comparison of restricted and generalized ridge estimators |
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112 | (3) |
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4A Appendix (to Section 4.4): Guide to the computation of percentage points of the noncentral F distribution |
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115 | (7) |
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122 | (4) |
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126 | (17) |
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5.1 Stein's theorem and the regression model |
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126 | (6) |
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5.2 Lemmas underlying the James---Stein theorem |
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132 | (6) |
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5.3 Some further developments of Stein estimation |
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138 | (3) |
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141 | (2) |
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6 Autocorrelation of residuals - 1 |
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143 | (24) |
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6.1 The first-order autoregressive model |
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143 | (4) |
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6.2 Efficiency of trend estimation: the ordinary least-squares estimator |
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147 | (7) |
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6.3 Efficiency of trend estimation: the Cochrane---Orcutt estimator |
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154 | (3) |
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6.4 Efficiency of trend estimation: the Prais---Winsten weighted-difference estimator |
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157 | (4) |
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6.5 Efficiency of trend estimation: the Prais---Winsten first-difference estimator |
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161 | (1) |
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6.6 Discussion of the literature |
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162 | (3) |
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165 | (2) |
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7 Autocorrelation of residuals - 2 |
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167 | (35) |
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167 | (10) |
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7.2 Testing for autocorrelation: Anderson's theorem and the Durbin---Watson test |
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177 | (12) |
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7.3 Distribution and beta approximation of the Durbin---Watson statistic |
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189 | (7) |
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7.4 Bias in estimation of sampling variances |
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196 | (4) |
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200 | (2) |
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8 Simultaneous-equations estimation |
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202 | (85) |
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8.1 The identification problem |
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202 | (8) |
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8.2 Anderson and Rubin's "limited-information maximum-likelihood" (LIML) method, 1: the handling of linear restrictions |
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210 | (5) |
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8.3 Anderson and Rubin's "limited-information maximum-likelihood" method, 2: constrained maximization of the likelihood function |
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215 | (8) |
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8.4 The contributions of Basmann and Theil |
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223 | (15) |
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8.5 Exact properties of simultaneous-equations estimators |
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238 | (13) |
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8.6 Approximations to finite-sample distributions |
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251 | (17) |
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268 | (15) |
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283 | (4) |
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9 Solutions to the exercises |
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287 | (62) |
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287 | (7) |
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294 | (10) |
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304 | (5) |
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309 | (9) |
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318 | (5) |
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323 | (6) |
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329 | (5) |
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334 | (15) |
Notes |
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349 | (8) |
Bibliography |
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357 | (28) |
Index |
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385 | |