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Aerosol Sampling Science, Standards, Instrumentation and Applications [Other digital carrier]

(Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK)
  • Formaat: Other digital carrier, 636 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 253x198x40 mm, kaal: 1444 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Mar-2007
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 0470060239
  • ISBN-13: 9780470060230
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  • Formaat: Other digital carrier, 636 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 253x198x40 mm, kaal: 1444 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Mar-2007
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 0470060239
  • ISBN-13: 9780470060230
Teised raamatud teemal:
This book provides a comprehensive account of the important field of aerosol sampling as it is applied to the measurement of aerosols that are ubiquitous in occupational and living environments, both indoor and outdoor. It is written in four parts:

Part A contains 9 chapters that describe the current knowledge of the physical science that underpins the process of aerosol sampling.

Part B contains 4 chapters, which present the basis of standards for aerosols, including the link with human exposure by inhalation.

Part C contains 7 chapters that cover the development of practical aerosol sampling instrumentation, and how technical designs and methods have evolved over the years in order that aerosol sampling may be carried out in a manner matching the health-related and other criteria that have been proposed as parts of standards.

Finally Part D contains 6 chapters that describe how a wide range of aerosol sampling instruments have performed when they have been applied in the field in both occupational and ambient atmospheric environments, including how different instruments, nominally intended to measure the same aerosol fraction, compare when used side-by-side in the real world.

The book draws together all that is known about aerosol sampling, for the benefit of researchers and practitioners in occupational and environmental health and all other fields of science and engineering where aerosols are of interest.



This book provides a comprehensive account of the important field of aerosol sampling as it is applied to the measurement of aerosols that are ubiquitous in occupational and living environments, both indoor and outdoor. It is written in four parts:

Part A contains 9 chapters that describe the current knowledge of the physical science that underpins the process of aerosol sampling.

Part B contains 4 chapters, which present the basis of standards for aerosols, including the link with human exposure by inhalation.

Part C contains 7 chapters that cover the development of practical aerosol sampling instrumentation, and how technical designs and methods have evolved over the years in order that aerosol sampling may be carried out in a manner matching the health-related and other criteria that have been proposed as parts of standards.

Finally Part D contains 6 chapters that describe how a wide range of aerosol sampling instruments have performed when they have been applied in the field in both occupational and ambient atmospheric environments, including how different instruments, nominally intended to measure the same aerosol fraction, compare when used side-by-side in the real world.

The book draws together all that is known about aerosol sampling, for the benefit of researchers and practitioners in occupational and environmental health and all other fields of science and engineering where aerosols are of interest.

Arvustused

"Wer sich mit Aerosolen in Forschung und Praxis beschaftigt, sollte dieses hervorragende Buch nicht unbeachtet lassen." Gefahrstoffe Reinhaltung der Luft April 2008

Part A: SCIENTIFIC FRAMEWORK FOR AEROSOL SAMPLING.
Chapter 1:
Introduction. Aerosols. Particle size. Elementary particle size statistics.
Aerosol measurement. Sampler performance characteristics. References.
Chapter 2: Fluid and aerosol mechanical background. Fluid mechanical
background. Aerosol mechanics.
Chapter 3: Experimental methods in aerosol
sampler studies. Introduction. Methodology for assessing sampler performance.
Scaling relationships for aerosol samplers. Test facilities. Test aerosol
generation. Reference methods. Assessment of collected aerosol. Aerosol
sampler test protocols and procedures.
Chapter 4: The nature of air flow near
aerosol samplers. Introduction. Line and point sink samplers. Thin-walled
slot and tube entries. Thick-walled tubes. Simple blunt samplers facing the
wind. Blunt samplers with orientations other than facing the wind. More
complex sampling systems. Effects of freestream turbulence.
Chapter 5:
Aspiration in moving air. Introduction. Thin-walled tube samplers. Blunt
samplers.
Chapter 6: Aspiration in calm and slowly-moving air. Introduction.
Sampling in perfectly calm air. Slowly moving air.
Chapter 7: Interferences
to aerosol aspiration. Introduction. Interferences during aspiration.
Interferences after aspiration.
Chapter 8: Mechanisms for aerosol particle
size selection after aspiration. Introduction. Elutriation. Filtration by
porous foam media. Centrifugation. Impaction. Diffusion. Other particle
size-selective mechanisms. Part B: STANDARDS FOR AEROSOLS.
Chapter 9:
Framework for aerosol sampling in working and ambient environments.
Introduction. Exposure to aerosols. Framework for health-related aerosol
sampling. Non-health-related aerosol standards. References.
Chapter 10:
Particle size-selective criteria for coarse aerosol fractions. Introduction.
Experimental studies of inhalability. Particle size-selective criteria for
the inhalable fraction. Overview.
Chapter 11: Particle size-selective
criteria for fine aerosol fractions. Introduction. Studies of regional
deposition of inhaled aerosols. Criteria for particle size-selective sampling
for fine aerosol fractions. Overview.
Chapter 12: Limit values. Introduction.
Aerosol-related health effects. The processes of standards setting.
Occupational exposure limits (OELs). Ambient atmospheric aerosol limits.
Special cases. Part C: AEROSOL SAMPLING INSTRUMENTATION AND APPLICATIONS.
Chapter 13: Historical milestones in practical aerosol sampling.
Introduction. Occupational aerosol sampling. Ambient atmospheric aerosol
sampling.
Chapter 14: Sampling for coarse aerosol in workplaces.
Introduction. Static (or area) samplers for coarse aerosol fractions.
Personal samplers for coarse aerosol fractions. Analysis of performance data
for inhalable aerosol samplers. Passive aerosol samplers.
Chapter 15:
Sampling for fine aerosol fractions in workplaces. Introduction. Samplers for
the respirable fraction. Samplers for the thoracic fraction. Samplers for
PM2.5. Thoracic particle size selection for fibrous aerosols. Sampling for
very fine aerosols. Simultaneous sampling for more than one aerosol fraction.
Chapter 16: Sampling probes for stack sampling. Introduction. Basic
considerations. Stack sampling methods. Sampling probes for stack sampling.
Sampling for determining particle size distribution in stacks. Direct-reading
stack-monitoring instruments.
Chapter 17: Sampling for aerosols in the
ambient atmosphere. Introduction. Sampling for coarse 'nuisance' aerosols.
Sampling for 'black smoke'. Sampling for total suspended particulate in the
ambient atmosphere. Sampling for fine aerosol fractions in the ambient
atmosphere. Meteorological sampling.
Chapter 18: Sampling for the
determination of particle size distribution. Introduction. Rationale. Aerosol
spectrometers. Cascade impactors. Other spectrometers. Particle size
distribution analysis by microscopy.
Chapter 19: Sampling for bioaerosols.
Introduction. Standards for bioaerosols. Technical issues for bioaerosol
sampling. Early bioaerosol sampling. Criteria for bioaerosol sampling.
Inertial samplers. Centrifugal samplers. 'Total' and inhalable bioaerosol.
Other samplers.
Chapter 20: Direct reading aerosol sampling instruments.
Introduction. Optical aerosol-measuring instruments. Electrical particle
measurement. Condensation nuclei/particle counters. Mechanical aerosol mass
measurement. Nuclear mass detectors. Surface area monitoring. Analytical
chemical methods. Bioaerosol monitoring. PART D: AEROSOL SAMPLER APPLICATIONS
AND FIELD STUDIES.
Chapter 21: Pumps and paraphernalia. Introduction. Air
moving systems. Flowrate. Collection media. Analysis of collected samples.
Chapter 22: Field studies of aerosol samplers in workplaces. Introduction.
Personal and static (or area) sampling. Relationship between 'total' and
inhalable aerosol. Converting particle counts to particle mass. Field
experience with samplers for respirable aerosol. Classification of workplace
aerosols. Diesel particulate matter. The future of workplace aerosol
measurement.
Chapter 23: Field studies of aerosol samplers in the ambient
atmosphere. Introduction. 'Nuisance' dust. Total suspended particulate (TSP)
and black smoke (BS). Black smoke and particle size fractions (PM10 and
PM2.5). Transition to particle size-selective sampling. PM10. PM2.5. Personal
exposures to PM10 and PM2.5. Classification of ambient atmospheric aerosols.
Professor Vincent, Professor Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan Professor Vincent holds a Ph.D. and a D.Sc. from the University of Durham, UK, the latter awarded in 1991 in consideration of "...work of high distinction constituting a substantial and original contribution to science." He is widely experienced in the occupational and environmental health sciences. He has worked in industry, in non-academic research institutions, and in three universities (Strathclyde University, University of Minnesota and the University of Michigan). His work over the past 30 years has included studies in aerosol science and fluid mechanics and their application to the atmospheric transport of pollutants, emission control from large-scale industrial processes, exposure assessment and control of airborne pollutants in environmental and occupational settings, aerosol sampling and measurement, inhalation toxicology and pharmacokinetics, occupational exposure standards setting, and international occupational health policy. In these areas he has published over 200 works. He is a past-president of the British Occupational Hygiene Society, was until recently chair of the Air Sampling Procedures Committee of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, and was editor-in-chief of the Journal of Aerosol Science from 1988 to 1999 (where he is now an honorary (lifetime) member of the Editorial Board.