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1 | (8) |
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1.1 Background and Motivation |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Book Scope and Organization |
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2 | (7) |
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1.2.1 Linearization Scheme for Transconductance Amplifiers |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Process Variation-Aware Quantization |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Non-Invasive On-Chip Measurement of Thermal Gradients and RF Power |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2.4 Analog Calibration for Transistor Mismatch Reduction |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (2) |
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2 Process Variation Challenges and Solutions Approaches |
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9 | (22) |
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9 | (4) |
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2.1.1 The Impact of Rising Process Variations |
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9 | (2) |
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2.1.2 Circuit and System Design Tendencies |
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11 | (2) |
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2.2 System Perspective on Transceiver Built-In Testing and Self-Calibration |
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13 | (18) |
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2.2.1 Digital Correction and Calibration |
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14 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Analog Measurements and Tuning |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (1) |
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2.2.4 Digital Performance Monitoring with Analog Compensation |
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19 | (1) |
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2.2.5 Combined Digital Monitoring, Analog Measurements, and Tuning |
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20 | (1) |
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2.2.6 High-Volume Manufacturing Testing |
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21 | (1) |
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2.2.7 Analog Tuning "Knobs" |
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21 | (5) |
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2.2.8 Variation-Aware Design of Digital Circuits |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (4) |
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3 High-Linearity Transconductance Amplifiers with Digital Correction Capability |
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31 | (26) |
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31 | (2) |
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3.2 Attenuation-Predistortion Linearization Methodology |
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33 | (5) |
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3.2.1 Single-Ended Circuits |
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33 | (2) |
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3.2.2 Fully-Differential Circuits |
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35 | (1) |
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3.2.3 Scaling of Attenuation Ratios |
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35 | (3) |
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3.2.4 Volterra Series Analysis |
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38 | (1) |
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3.3 Circuit-Level Design Considerations |
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38 | (5) |
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3.3.1 Fully-Differential OTA with Floating-Gate Transistors |
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38 | (2) |
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3.3.2 Proof-of-Concept Filter Realization and Application Considerations |
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40 | (3) |
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3.4 Compensation for PVT Variations and High-Frequency Effects |
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43 | (1) |
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3.5 Prototype Measurement Results |
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44 | (8) |
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44 | (2) |
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3.5.2 Second-Order Lowpass Filter |
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46 | (6) |
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52 | (5) |
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54 | (3) |
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4 Multi-Bit Quantizer Design for Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta Modulators with Reduced Device Matching Requirements |
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57 | (30) |
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57 | (9) |
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4.1.1 State of the Art Continuous-Time ΣΔ ADCs |
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58 | (1) |
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4.1.2 Quantizer Design Trends s |
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59 | (3) |
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4.1.3 Quantizer Design Considerations for the ΣΔ Modulator Architecture |
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62 | (4) |
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4.2 3-Bit Two-Step Current-Mode Quantizer Architecture |
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66 | (15) |
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66 | (5) |
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71 | (4) |
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4.2.3 Simulation Results and Technology Scaling |
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75 | (4) |
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4.2.4 ADC Chip Measurements with Embedded Quantizer |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (6) |
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83 | (4) |
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5 An On-Chip Temperature Sensor for the Measurement of RF Power Dissipation and Thermal Gradients |
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87 | (26) |
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87 | (2) |
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5.2 Temperature Sensing Approach |
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89 | (7) |
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5.2.1 Integration with Transceiver Calibration Techniques |
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89 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Modeling of the Thermal Coupling |
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90 | (3) |
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5.2.3 Electro-Thermal Analysis Example: Low-Noise Amplifier |
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93 | (3) |
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5.3 CMOS Differential Temperature Sensor Design |
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96 | (8) |
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96 | (1) |
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5.3.2 Design of the Sensor Circuit Topology |
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96 | (3) |
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5.3.3 Adjustment of the Sensor's Sensitivity |
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99 | (2) |
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5.3.4 Sensor Design Optimization Procedure |
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101 | (3) |
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104 | (7) |
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5.4.1 Temperature Sensor Characterization |
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104 | (4) |
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5.4.2 RF Testing with the On-Chip DC Temperature Sensor |
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108 | (3) |
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111 | (2) |
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111 | (2) |
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6 Mismatch Reduction for Transistors in High-Frequency Differential Analog Signal Paths |
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113 | (38) |
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113 | (1) |
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6.2 A Mismatch Reduction Technique for Differential Pair Transistors |
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114 | (5) |
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114 | (4) |
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118 | (1) |
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6.3 Second-Order Nonlinearity Enhancement for Double-Balanced Mixers |
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119 | (28) |
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119 | (5) |
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6.3.2 Alternative Mixer Calibration |
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124 | (7) |
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6.3.3 Double-Balanced Mixer Design |
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131 | (4) |
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135 | (12) |
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147 | (4) |
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147 | (4) |
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7 Summary and Conclusions |
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151 | (4) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (3) |
Appendix A OTA Linearization---Volterra Series Analysis |
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155 | (4) |
Appendix B OTA Linearization---Advanced Phase Compensation |
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159 | (6) |
Appendix C OTA Linearization Without Power Budget Increase |
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165 | (2) |
Appendix D Temperature Sensing Analysis---Relationship Between Circuit Nonlinearities and DC Temperature |
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167 | (4) |
Index |
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171 | |