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Analytical and Computational Methods in Electromagnetics Unabridged edition [Kõva köide]

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  • Formaat: Hardback, 470 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Sep-2008
  • Kirjastus: Artech House Publishers
  • ISBN-10: 1596933852
  • ISBN-13: 9781596933859
Teised raamatud teemal:
Analytical and Computational Methods in Electromagnetics Unabridged editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 470 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Sep-2008
  • Kirjastus: Artech House Publishers
  • ISBN-10: 1596933852
  • ISBN-13: 9781596933859
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781596933859.html
Märksõnad:
Although electromagnetics principles can be very difficult for electrical engineers to understand, they are the essential background that engineers need to get most out of today's powerful computational tools and commercial software for optimizing microwave system performance. This authoritative resource offers a clear and complete explanation of this necessary electromagnetics knowledge, providing the analytical fundamentals needed to understand the most important methods in the field, including MoM (method of moments), FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) techniques, and Green's functions.The book presents all math necessary to master the material and provides number of solved problems to ensure the understanding the key concepts. It also includes multiple choice questions, appropriate for self study or courses, that help clarify concepts without any mathematical burden. Packed with over 1,300 time-saving equations, all the problems presented in the book can be solved using nothing more than calculator.CD-ROM-Included!It includes time-saving Matlab[ registered] source code for the problems presented in the book which can be easily modified to help you solve similar problems in the field.
Preface xv
Basic Principles of Electromagnetic Theory
1(28)
Maxwell's Equations
1(2)
Constitutive Relations
3(1)
Electrical Properties of the Medium
4(1)
Interface and Boundary Conditions
5(3)
Skin Depth
8(1)
Poynting Vector and Power Flow
8(1)
Image Currents and Equivalence Principle
9(3)
Reciprocity Theorem
12(1)
Differential Equations in Electromagnetics
12(2)
Electric and Magnetic Vector Potentials
14(1)
Wave Types and Solutions
15(1)
Phase Velocity, Dispersion, and Group Velocity
16(3)
Characteristics of Transmission Lines
19(1)
Charge and Current Singularities
19(2)
Classification of Methods of Analysis
21(1)
Mathematical Framework in Electromagnetics
22(1)
Overview of Analytical and Computational Methods
23(3)
Summary
26(3)
References
27(2)
Analytical Methods and Orthogonal Functions
29(42)
Introduction
29(2)
Method of Separation of Variables
31(6)
Orthogonality Condition
37(5)
Sturm-Liouville Differential Equation
42(5)
Orthogonality of Eigenfunctions
42(1)
Boundary Conditions for Orthogonal Functions
43(1)
Examples of Sturm-Liouville Type of Differential Equations
44(3)
Eigenfunction Expansion Method
47(4)
Vector Space/Function Space
51(11)
Operators
55(4)
Matrix Representation of Operators
59(3)
Generic Solution of Sturm-Liouville Type Differential Equations
62(1)
Delta-Function and Source Representations
62(6)
Summary
68(3)
References
69(1)
Problems
70(1)
Green's Function
71(32)
Introduction
71(1)
Direct Construction Approach for Green's Function
72(8)
Green's Function for the Sturm-Liouville Differential Equation
75(1)
Green's Function for a Loaded Transmission Line
76(4)
Eigenfunction Expansion of Green's Function
80(1)
Green's Function in Two Dimensions
81(6)
Double Series Expansion Method
82(2)
Single Series Expansion Method
84(3)
Green's Function in Spectral Domain
87(1)
Green's Function for Probe Excitation of TE-Modes in Rectangular Waveguide
87(6)
Green's Function for Unbounded Region
93(2)
Summary
95(8)
References
95(1)
Problems
95(8)
Contour Integration and Conformal Mapping
103(50)
Introduction
103(3)
Analytic Function
104(1)
Analytic Continuation
105(1)
Calculus of Residues
106(4)
Poles and Branch-Point Singularities
106(1)
Cauchy Integral Theorem
106(3)
Residue Theorem
109(1)
Evaluation of Definite Improper Integrals
110(11)
Improper Integral Along the Real Axis
111(4)
Fourier Transform Improper Integrals
115(5)
Some Other Methods Useful for Solving Improper Integrals
120(1)
Conformal Mapping of Complex Functions
121(4)
Mapping
121(1)
Properties of Conformal Mapping
122(3)
Applications of Conformal Mapping
125(1)
Schwarz-Christoffel Transformation
125(9)
Elliptic Sine Function
129(2)
Application to Coplanar Strips
131(3)
Quasi-Static Analysis of Planar Transmission Lines
134(10)
Strip Line
135(6)
Microstrip Line with a Cover Shield
141(3)
Some Useful Mappings for Planar Transmission Lines
144(5)
Transformation of Finite Dielectric Thickness to Infinite Thickness
145(1)
Transformations for Finite Width Lateral Ground Planes and Finite Dielectric Thickness
146(2)
Transformation from Asymmetric to Symmetric Metallization
148(1)
Summary
149(4)
References
150(1)
Problems
150(3)
Fourier Transform Method
153(46)
Introduction
153(3)
Reduction of PDE to Ordinary Differential Equation/Algebraic Equation Using Fourier Transform
156(1)
Solution of Differential Equations with Unbounded Regions
157(19)
Free-Space Green's Function in One Dimension
157(3)
Fourier Sine Transform and Half-Space Green's Function
160(2)
Free-Space Green's Function in Two Dimensions
162(11)
Electric Line Source Above a Perfectly Conducting Ground Plane
173(2)
Free-Space Green's Function in Three Dimensions
175(1)
Radiation from Two-Dimensional Apertures
176(2)
Stationary Phase Method
178(11)
Radiation Pattern
180(6)
Asymptotic Value of Bessel Functions
186(3)
Green's Function for the Quasi-Static Analysis of Microstrip Line
189(1)
Summary
190(9)
References
191(1)
Evaluation of the Integral in (5.120)
191(1)
Problems
192(7)
Introduction to Computational Methods
199(34)
Elements of Computational Methods
199(3)
Basis Functions
202(10)
Subdomain Basis Functions
202(4)
Entire Domain Basis Functions
206(6)
Convergence and Discretization Error
212(11)
Convergence Test
214(1)
Order of Convergence
214(1)
Disctretization Error and Extrapolation
215(2)
Discretization of Operators
217(2)
Discretization Error in FDM, FDTD, and FEM
219(4)
Vector and Matrix Norms
223(1)
Stability of Numerical Solutions
223(4)
Stability of FDTD Solution
224(1)
Stability of Matrix Solution
225(2)
Accuracy of Numerical Solutions
227(2)
Modeling Errors
227(1)
Truncation Error
227(1)
Round-Off Error
227(1)
Validation
228(1)
Spurious Solutions
229(1)
Formulations for the Computational Methods
229(1)
Summary
229(4)
References
230(1)
Problems
231(2)
Method of Finite Differences
233(48)
Finite Difference Approximations
233(10)
Difference Form of the First Derivative
233(2)
Difference Form of the Second Derivative
235(1)
Difference Form of Laplace and Poisson Equations
236(7)
Treatment of Interface and Boundary Conditions
243(11)
Nodes on the Interface
243(2)
Dielectric Inhomogeneity in One Quadrant About a Node
245(1)
Neumann Boundary Condition and the Nodes on the Edge
246(2)
Node at a Corner
248(1)
Node at an Edge with Dielectric Inhomogeneity About the Node
249(1)
Treatment of Curved Boundaries
249(3)
Finite Difference Analysis of an Inhomogeneously Filled Parallel Plate Capacitor
252(2)
Finite Difference Analysis of Guiding Structures
254(14)
Analysis of Enclosed Microstrip Line
254(7)
Analysis of Geometries with Open Boundaries
261(1)
Wave Propagation and Numerical Dispersion
262(2)
Analysis of Ridge Waveguide
264(4)
Summary
268(13)
References
270(1)
Problems
271(10)
Finite-Difference Time-Domain Analysis
281(74)
Pulse Propagation in a Transmission Line
281(3)
FDTD Analysis in One Dimension
284(25)
Spatial Step Δx and Numerical Dispersion
288(4)
Time Step Δt and Stability of the Solution
292(3)
Source or Excitation of the Grid
295(10)
Absorbing Boundary Conditions for One-Dimensional Propagation
305(4)
Applications of One-Dimensional FDTD Analysis
309(14)
Reflection at an Interface
309(3)
Determination of Propagation Constant
312(1)
Design of Material Absorber
313(3)
Exponential Time-Stepping Algorithm in the Lossy Region
316(1)
Extraction of Frequency Domain Information from the Time Domain Data
316(1)
Simulation of Lossy, Dispersive Materials
317(6)
FDTD Analysis in Two Dimensions
323(16)
Unit Cell in Two Dimensions
325(2)
Numerical Dispersion in Two Dimensions
327(2)
Time Step Δt for Two-Dimensional Propagation
329(1)
Absorbing Boundary Conditions for Propagation in Two Dimensions
329(4)
Perfectly Matched Layer ABC
333(6)
FDTD Analysis in Three Dimensions
339(6)
Yee Cell
339(4)
Numerical Dispersion in Three Dimensions
343(1)
Time Step Δt for Three-Dimensional Propagation
343(1)
Absorbing Boundary Conditions and PML for Three Dimensions
344(1)
Implementation of Boundary Conditions in FDTD
345(2)
Perfect Electric and Magnetic Wall Boundary Conditions
345(1)
Interface Conditions
346(1)
Advances in FDTD
347(1)
Summary
347(8)
References
348(1)
Problems
349(6)
Variational Methods
355(38)
Calculus of Variations
355(8)
Stationarity
355(2)
Extremum
357(1)
Functional
358(1)
Variation or Increment of a Function, δφ(x)
359(1)
Variation and Stationarity of Functionals
360(3)
Stationary Functionals and Euler Equations
363(3)
The Ritz Variational Method
366(1)
Applications of Ritz Approach
367(14)
Variational Solution of Laplace Equation
368(5)
Cutoff Frequencies for Waveguide Modes
373(1)
Resonant Frequency for Cavity Modes
374(4)
Variational Formulation in Spectral Domain for the Microstrip Line
378(3)
Construction of Functionals from the PDEs
381(2)
Method of Weighted Residuals
383(4)
Galerkin's Method
384(1)
Point Matching Method
385(2)
Summary
387(6)
References
388(1)
Problems
388(5)
Finite Element Method
393(52)
Basic Steps in Finite Element Analysis
393(5)
Segmentation or Meshing of the Geometry
394(1)
Derivation of the Element Matrix
395(2)
Assembly of Element Matrices
397(1)
Solution of System Matrix
397(1)
Postprocessing
398(1)
FEM Analysis in One Dimension
398(11)
Treatment of Boundary and Interface Conditions
402(4)
Accuracy and Numerical Dispersion
406(3)
FEM Analysis in Two Dimensions
409(27)
Solution of Two-Dimensional Wave Equation
410(1)
Element Matrix for Rectangular Elements
411(4)
Element Matrix for Triangular Elements
415(3)
Assembly of Element Matrices and System Equations
418(4)
Capacitance of a Parallel Plate Capacitor
422(7)
Cutoff Frequency Waveguide Modes
429(7)
FEM Analysis of Open Boundary Problems
436(1)
Mesh Generation and Node Location Table
436(4)
Weighted Residual Formulation for FEM
440(1)
Summary
441(4)
References
442(1)
Problems
442(3)
Method of Moments
445(48)
Introduction
445(7)
MoM Procedure
446(2)
Point Matching and Galerkin's Methods
448(1)
Eigenvalue Analysis Using MoM
449(3)
Solution of Integral Equations Using MoM
452(33)
Integral Equation
452(3)
Static Charge Distribution on a Wire
455(7)
Analysis of Strip Line
462(7)
Analysis of Wire Dipole Antenna
469(7)
Scattering from a Conducting Cylinder of Infinite Length
476(9)
Fast Multipole Solution Methods for MoM
485(1)
Comparison of FDM, FDTD, FEM, and MoM
486(1)
Hybrid Computational Methods
487(1)
Summary
487(6)
References
487(1)
Problems
488(5)
APPENDIX A Solution Methods for the Set of Simultaneous Equations
493(12)
A.1 Processor Time Considerations
493(1)
A.2 Matrix Solution Techniques
494(6)
A.2.1 Gauss Elimination
495(3)
A.2.2 L-U Factorization
498(2)
A.3 Sparse Matrix Techniques
500(5)
A.3.1 Reordering of Equations
500(2)
A.2.2 Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Method
502(1)
References
502(3)
APPENDIX B Evaluation of Singular Integrals
505(2)
References 507(2)
About the Author 509(2)
Index 511
Ramesh Garg is a professor in the Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Department at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India. He earned his M.Sc. and Ph.D. in physics at Panjab University and the Indian Institute of Technology, respectively.