Preface |
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xix | |
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Chapter 1 The Basics of Democracy |
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2 | (38) |
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Key Concepts: Politics, Government, and Popular Sovereignty |
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6 | (6) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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Core Democratic Principles |
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8 | (4) |
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Two Basic Forms of Democracy |
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12 | (2) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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Representative Systems and Core Democratic Principles |
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14 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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Representative Democracy in the United States |
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16 | (2) |
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Central Beliefs of Democracy in America |
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16 | (1) |
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Fallacies Associated With Democracy in America |
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16 | (2) |
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The Challenge of American Democracy |
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18 | (4) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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Ideology and Partisanship |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (3) |
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The Case for American Democracy |
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22 | (1) |
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Major Criticisms of American Democracy |
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23 | (2) |
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Making Sense of Politics: Political Science |
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25 | (11) |
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The Roots of Political Science |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (4) |
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30 | (1) |
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Theoretical Frameworks in Political Science |
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31 | (5) |
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General Approach and Organization of the Book |
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36 | |
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31 | (7) |
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38 | (2) |
Part I: The Constitutional Framework |
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Chapter 2 The American Constitution |
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40 | (37) |
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The Concept of a Constitution |
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42 | (1) |
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Circumstances That Led to the Creation of the Constitution |
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43 | (6) |
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Historical Antecedents of the Constitution |
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43 | (3) |
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46 | (1) |
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Group Rivalries and the Movement for a Convention |
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47 | (2) |
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The Constitutional Convention |
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49 | (2) |
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50 | (1) |
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Agreement, Disagreement, and Compromise at the Convention |
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51 | (1) |
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The Limited Role of Religion |
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52 | (1) |
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The Ratification Campaign |
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53 | |
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Constitutional Principles |
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51 | (15) |
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61 | (1) |
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Representative Government |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (1) |
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Changing the American Constitution |
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66 | |
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66 | (6) |
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Constitutional Change Through Custom and Usage |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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Legislative Interpretation |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (61) |
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77 | (35) |
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The Concept of Federalism in Context: Confederal, Unitary, and Federal Systems |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (3) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (2) |
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83 | |
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83 | (3) |
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Disadvantages of Federalism |
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86 | |
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Division of Powers in the American Federal System |
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81 | (15) |
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The Powers of the National Government |
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88 | (2) |
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The Powers, Rights, and Obligations of State Governments |
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90 | (5) |
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Refereeing Power Conflicts |
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95 | (1) |
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The Evolution of Federalism |
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96 | (14) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (4) |
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104 | (4) |
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Federalism and the Future of State-Federal Relations |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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Chapter 4 Civil Liberties |
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112 | (34) |
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The Concept of Civil Liberties |
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115 | (3) |
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115 | (3) |
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Restrictions on the Government |
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118 | (4) |
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118 | (1) |
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Restrictions on State Violations of Civil Liberties |
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119 | (3) |
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122 | |
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Prohibition Against the Establishment of Religion |
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123 | (3) |
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Free Exercise of Religion |
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126 | |
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121 | (13) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (3) |
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131 | (3) |
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134 | |
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131 | (12) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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Right Against Self-Incrimination |
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139 | (3) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (40) |
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The Concept of Civil Rights |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (12) |
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152 | (1) |
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The Judicial Strategy to End Segregation |
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152 | (1) |
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The Revolution in Race Relations |
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153 | (2) |
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Government's Response to the Race Revolution |
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155 | (2) |
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157 | (5) |
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162 | (4) |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (9) |
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170 | (2) |
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The Reemergence of Women's Rights |
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172 | (6) |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (2) |
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182 | (2) |
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184 | (2) |
Part II: Connecting Citizens To Government |
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Chapter 6 Interest Groups |
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186 | (37) |
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The Concept of Interest Groups |
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189 | (3) |
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190 | (1) |
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Interest Group Membership |
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191 | (1) |
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Why People Join Interest Groups |
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192 | (4) |
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The Benefits and Costs of Group Membership |
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192 | (2) |
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Collective Action, Public Goods, and Free Riders |
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194 | (1) |
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Overcoming the Free Rider Problem |
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195 | (1) |
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The Origins and Growth of Interest Groups |
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196 | (7) |
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Theoretical Perspectives on the Formation of Interest Groups |
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196 | (2) |
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The Growth of Interest Groups |
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198 | (5) |
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Interest Group Resources and Activities |
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203 | (8) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (6) |
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The Power and Regulation of Interest Groups |
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211 | (9) |
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Interest Group Power and Influence |
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212 | (6) |
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Regulation of Interest Group Activity |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (1) |
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Chapter 7 Political Parties |
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223 | (37) |
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The Concept of Political Parties |
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225 | (6) |
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The Challenge of Defining American Political Parties |
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225 | (1) |
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Comparison of Political Parties and Other Political Groupings |
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225 | (1) |
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Membership in American Political Parties |
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226 | (2) |
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Incentives for Associating With Political Parties |
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228 | (3) |
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Two-Party Competition in American Politics |
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231 | (12) |
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The General Types of Party Systems |
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233 | (1) |
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American Party Competition at the National Level |
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233 | (6) |
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239 | (4) |
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What Political Parties Do |
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243 | (5) |
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243 | (2) |
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Promote Government Responsiveness |
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245 | (1) |
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Promote Government Accountability |
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246 | (1) |
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Promote Stability and Peaceful Resolution of Conflict |
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246 | (1) |
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The Responsible Party Model |
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247 | (1) |
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The Strength of Political Parties |
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248 | (3) |
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The Strength of Party in the Electorate |
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248 | (4) |
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The Strength of Party in Government |
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252 | (3) |
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The Strength of Party Organizations |
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255 | (2) |
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257 | |
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251 | (8) |
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259 | (1) |
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Chapter 8 The Mass Media and Politics |
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260 | (33) |
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The Concept of a Free Press |
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263 | |
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Information and Education |
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264 | (9) |
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273 | (1) |
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Watchdog and Public Advocate |
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274 | |
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215 | (4) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | |
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219 | (62) |
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280 | (5) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | |
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Changes in the Public Sphere |
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281 | (10) |
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The Decline of the Gatekeepers |
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287 | (2) |
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Information and Civic Engagement |
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289 | (2) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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Chapter 9 Public Opinion and Political Socialization |
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293 | (33) |
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The Concept of Public Opinion |
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296 | (5) |
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296 | (1) |
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296 | (2) |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (2) |
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The Competence of Public Opinion |
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301 | (1) |
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Elite Opinion and Issue Publics |
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302 | (1) |
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Interpreting Public Opinion Polls |
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303 | (7) |
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Did the Poll Ask the Right People? |
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304 | (2) |
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What Is the Poll's Margin of Error? |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (2) |
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Which Question Came First? |
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309 | (1) |
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The Bases of Public Opinion |
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310 | (12) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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313 | (6) |
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Biological Models of Public Opinion |
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319 | (3) |
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Public Opinion and Participation |
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322 | (1) |
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323 | (2) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (64) |
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328 | (1) |
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Methods of Nominating Candidates |
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329 | (2) |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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Nominating Presidential Candidates |
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331 | (24) |
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The Allocation of National Convention Delegates |
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331 | (1) |
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The Method and Timing of Delegate Selection |
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331 | (3) |
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334 | (21) |
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355 | (13) |
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355 | (9) |
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364 | (2) |
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Financing the Presidential Election |
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366 | (2) |
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Nominating Candidates for Congress |
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368 | (2) |
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368 | (1) |
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The Politics of Choosing Congressional Candidates |
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369 | (1) |
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Electing Members of Congress |
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370 | (11) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (4) |
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Overlapping Terms and Staggered Elections |
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375 | (3) |
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Incumbency Advantage in Congressional Elections |
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378 | (6) |
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Financing Congressional Elections |
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384 | |
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381 | (8) |
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389 | (1) |
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Chapter 11 Political Participation and Voting Behavior |
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390 | (38) |
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The Concept of Political Participation |
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393 | (3) |
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Forms of Political Participation |
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393 | (1) |
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The Theoretical Basis of Political Participation |
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393 | (1) |
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Is Political Participation in America High or Low? |
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394 | (2) |
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396 | (17) |
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398 | (1) |
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The Political System and Turnout |
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399 | (7) |
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Individual Desire and Ability to Participate |
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406 | (7) |
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413 | (1) |
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Models of Voting Behavior |
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413 | (4) |
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413 | (2) |
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The Social-Psychological Model |
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415 | (1) |
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The Rational Choice Model |
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416 | (1) |
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417 | (5) |
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418 | (2) |
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420 | (1) |
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421 | (1) |
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Voting Behavior and the Operation of the American Political System |
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422 | (2) |
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Contemporary Realignment? |
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423 | (1) |
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424 | (1) |
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425 | (3) |
Part III: Official Decision Making |
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428 | (47) |
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The Concept of the U.S. Congress |
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431 | (1) |
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Responsibilities of Congress |
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432 | (10) |
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432 | (6) |
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Secondary Responsibilities |
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438 | (4) |
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Members of Congress and Their World |
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442 | (9) |
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Backgrounds of National Legislators |
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443 | (1) |
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Tenure and Career Patterns |
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444 | (3) |
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Daily Life of a Member of Congress |
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447 | (1) |
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Congressional Pay and Perquisites |
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448 | (3) |
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Bicameralism in the American Congress |
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451 | (12) |
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Leadership in the U.S. Senate |
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453 | (1) |
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Leadership in the U.S. House of Representatives |
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454 | (2) |
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456 | (7) |
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Running the Legislative Obstacle Course |
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463 | |
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Bill Introduction and Committee Referral |
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464 | (1) |
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Committee Consideration and Action |
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465 | (1) |
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From Committee to the Floor |
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466 | (4) |
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Resolving House-Senate Differences |
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470 | |
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412 | (2) |
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414 | (61) |
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Chapter 13 The Presidency |
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475 | (53) |
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The Concept of the U.S. Presidency |
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478 | (2) |
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The Development of the Presidency |
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480 | (4) |
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480 | (1) |
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Broad Constitutional Provisions |
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481 | (1) |
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Public Acceptance of Positive Government |
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482 | (1) |
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Congressional Delegation of Power |
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483 | (1) |
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Contemporary Expectations of the President |
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483 | (1) |
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The President and the Presidency |
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484 | (12) |
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The President as an Individual |
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484 | (2) |
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The Presidency as an Organization |
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486 | (7) |
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Organization of the Presidency and Presidential Effectiveness |
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493 | (3) |
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The President's Primary Constitutional Responsibilities |
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496 | (5) |
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496 | (1) |
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497 | (2) |
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499 | (2) |
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The President as Party Leader |
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501 | (2) |
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Limitations on the President as Party Leader |
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502 | (1) |
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The President and Party Organization |
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502 | (1) |
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The President and Electoral Activities |
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503 | (7) |
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The President as Public Opinion Leader |
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505 | (1) |
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506 | (4) |
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Presidential Approval Ratings |
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510 | (16) |
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The President and Congress |
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512 | (1) |
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Messages and Recommendations |
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512 | (1) |
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513 | (1) |
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Presidential Success in Congress |
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514 | (8) |
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522 | (4) |
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526 | (1) |
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527 | (1) |
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Chapter 14 The Bureaucracy |
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528 | (34) |
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The Concept of Bureaucracy |
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530 | (2) |
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The Characteristics of Bureaucracy |
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532 | (6) |
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The Weberian Model of Bureaucracy |
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532 | (1) |
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533 | (2) |
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535 | (1) |
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536 | (2) |
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The Structure of American Bureaucracies |
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538 | (5) |
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The Executive Office of the President |
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539 | (1) |
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539 | (1) |
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540 | (1) |
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Regulatory Agencies and Commissions |
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540 | (1) |
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541 | (1) |
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541 | (1) |
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The Politics of Organization |
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542 | (1) |
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543 | |
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544 | (1) |
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545 | (1) |
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545 | |
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Controlling the Bureaucracy |
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541 | (16) |
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Theories of Bureaucratic Behavior |
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548 | (4) |
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552 | (2) |
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554 | (3) |
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557 | (3) |
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Running Government Like a Business |
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557 | (1) |
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Businesses Running Government |
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558 | (2) |
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560 | (1) |
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561 | (1) |
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Chapter 15 The Federal Judiciary |
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562 | (52) |
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The Concept of the Federal Judiciary |
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565 | (1) |
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The Jurisdiction of Federal Courts |
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565 | (3) |
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Jurisdiction Defined in the Constitution |
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566 | (1) |
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Original and Appellate Jurisdiction |
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567 | (1) |
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The Power of Congress to Define Jurisdiction of Federal Courts |
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567 | (1) |
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Jurisdiction Determined by Judicial Interpretation |
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567 | (1) |
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The Structure and Organization of Federal Courts |
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568 | |
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568 | (1) |
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569 | (2) |
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571 | |
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The Selection and Background of Federal Judges |
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516 | (74) |
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Party Affiliation and Philosophy |
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577 | (3) |
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Balancing the Representativeness of the Court |
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580 | (2) |
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Judicial Experience and Merit |
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582 | (1) |
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Confirmation Politics in the Senate |
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583 | (7) |
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590 | (1) |
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Models of Judicial Decision Making |
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590 | (2) |
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Evidence of Political Influence on Judicial Decision Making |
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592 | |
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Judicial Review in a Democratic Society |
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591 | (19) |
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The Origins of Judicial Review |
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598 | (2) |
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Concepts of Judicial Review |
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600 | (2) |
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Patterns in the Exercise of Judicial Review |
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602 | (3) |
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Constraints on the Exercise of Judicial Review |
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605 | (5) |
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610 | (2) |
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612 | (2) |
Part IV: Conclusion |
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Chapter 16 Core Democratic Principles and Public Policy |
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614 | |
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The Concept of Public Policy |
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617 | (1) |
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The Stages of Policymaking |
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618 | (15) |
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619 | (4) |
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Policy Formulation and Adoption |
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623 | (4) |
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627 | (4) |
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631 | (2) |
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Public Policy and Core Democratic Values |
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633 | (3) |
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633 | (1) |
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634 | (1) |
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634 | (2) |
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636 | (1) |
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637 | (1) |
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638 | |
Appendix A The Declaration of Independence |
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A1-639 | |
Appendix B The Articles of the Confederation (1781) |
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A2-642 | |
Appendix C Constitution of the United States |
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A3-648 | |
Appendix D Federalist Number 10 |
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A4-661 | |
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A4-666 | |
Appendix E Partisan Control of the Presidency, Congress, and the Supreme Court |
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A5-669 | |
References |
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R-673 | |
Glossary |
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G-695 | |
Cases Index |
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I-709 | |
Name Index |
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I-711 | |
Subject Index |
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I-717 | |