| Authors |
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9 | (2) |
| Sussex Centre for Migration Research |
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11 | (2) |
| Introduction |
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13 | (4) |
| Acknowledgements |
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17 | (1) |
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Part One The Grand Narrative: Migration through the Ages |
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18 | (20) |
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Early Migrations: The global distribution of humans is the result of thousands of years of migration |
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20 | (2) |
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Mediterranean Odysseys: Colonies in the Classical period not only provided trade and military security, but helped spread the Greco-Roman culture and language |
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22 | (2) |
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Slave Migrations: The transatlantic slave trade was the largest ever forced migration |
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24 | (2) |
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Migrations of Indenture: The system of indentured labour provided cheap, easily exploited workers who were shipped in large numbers mainly to European colonies |
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26 | (2) |
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The Great Migration: More than 50 million people emigrated from Europe to the USA during the 19th and early 20th centuries in the largest international free movement of people ever |
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28 | (2) |
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Migration from Italy: The poorest people are not usually the first to migrate from a poor country |
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30 | (2) |
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Nation-Building Migrations: Some migrations are encouraged and planned by governments to increase the land under state control |
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32 | (2) |
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Colonial Migrations: Colonization by Europeans resulted in the movement of millions of people, and had a major impact on populations around the world |
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34 | (2) |
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DIASPORAS: Many modern diasporas are not forced exiles, but are driven by trade or work |
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36 | (2) |
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Part Two A World in Flux: Contemporary Global Migration Patterns |
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38 | (22) |
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Global Migration: Globally 3 percent of people are international migrants, but the share varies enormously from one country to another |
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40 | (2) |
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Post-War Migration of Workers: The post-war economic boom led to a flow of migrant manual workers, often managed through bi-lateral agreements |
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42 | (2) |
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New Worker Migrations: Since the 1980s, migrants from diverse countries have made southern Europe their destination |
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44 | (2) |
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The Quiet Migration: In many high-income countries, family members of immigrants are eventually granted residence |
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46 | (2) |
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Latin America: During the 20th century, Latin America shifted from being a subcontinent of immigration to one of emigration |
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48 | (2) |
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The Gulf: Rapid economic expansion, fuelled by oil wealth, has created millions of jobs, most filled by migrant workers |
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50 | (2) |
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Migration Patterns in Eurasia: A new Eurasian migration system is emerging, bringing migrant workers to Russia's booming oil, gas and industrial centres |
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52 | (2) |
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Migration within India: Around a quarter of people in India have changed their place of residence at least once in their lifetime |
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54 | (2) |
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Migration within the usa: Migration within the USA occurs for a range of reasons, many based on personal preference |
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56 | (2) |
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Internal Migration & Poverty: Poor people are more likely to migrate for work within their own country than abroad |
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58 | (2) |
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Part Three The Age of Migration: Hybrid Identities of Human Mobility |
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60 | (42) |
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Refugees: People who have fled their country through fear of persecution are refugees in international law, but some states are reluctant to grant them this status |
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62 | (2) |
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Refugee Warehousing: The majority of the worlds refugees have waited more than five years for a solution to their exile |
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64 | (2) |
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Refugee Return: A sizable number of refugees have returned to their countries of origin since the mid-1990s |
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66 | (2) |
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Seeking Asylum in Europe: The pattern of asylum seeking is closely related to global patterns of conflict or human rights abuses |
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68 | (2) |
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Internally Displaced Persons: There are more IDPs than refugees, yet there are no official mechanisms for the international community to protect them |
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70 | (2) |
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Climate Change: Climate change is likely to result in large movements of people, although maybe over relatively short distances |
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72 | (2) |
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Irregular Migration: Irregular migrants are especially vulnerable to traffickers, and coordinated international action is needed to tackle the problem |
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74 | (2) |
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Death at the Border: The number of migrants who die while trying to evade border controls is a humanitarian crisis |
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76 | (2) |
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Migration & Gender: Where people migrate to and from, the jobs they do, and roles they play tend to be influenced by their gender |
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78 | (2) |
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Migration for Marriage: International marriage migration is filling the gap in rural communities left by migration to the cities |
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80 | (2) |
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Child Migration: Child migrants are largely uncounted and unstudied, and therefore ignored by policy makers |
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82 | (2) |
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Student Migration: Student migration is an important precursor to skilled migration |
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84 | (2) |
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Skilled Migration: Emigrants are among the more educated and skilled people in their country of origin, although not necessarily so in their country of destination |
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86 | (2) |
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International Retirement: Retirement migration is driven by migrants from rich countries seeking a more attractive lifestyle |
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88 | (2) |
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Return Migration: Many migrants intend to return, and those who do so can benefit their native country |
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90 | (2) |
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Migration & Integration: The extent to which immigrant communities are expected to integrate into host cultures varies around the world |
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92 | (2) |
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Voting from Abroad: Most countries allow emigrants to vote in national elections |
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94 | (2) |
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Dual Nationality: An increasingly mobile global population is creating a large number of people with dual nationality -- and a range of responses from governments |
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96 | (2) |
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Remittances & Development: Remittances sent by migrant workers can make a substantial contribution to the economic and social development of their home country |
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98 | (2) |
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Migration Policy: Despite national and international political debates about migration, government policies remain surprisingly varied |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (18) |
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104 | (8) |
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112 | (8) |
| Sources |
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120 | (6) |
| Index |
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126 | |
