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Attainment of an English Accent: British and American Features in Advanced German Learners New edition [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 296 pages, kõrgus x laius: 210x148 mm, kaal: 510 g, 212 Illustrations
  • Sari: Inquiries in Language Learning 20
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-May-2017
  • Kirjastus: Peter Lang AG
  • ISBN-10: 3631720998
  • ISBN-13: 9783631720998
  • Formaat: Hardback, 296 pages, kõrgus x laius: 210x148 mm, kaal: 510 g, 212 Illustrations
  • Sari: Inquiries in Language Learning 20
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-May-2017
  • Kirjastus: Peter Lang AG
  • ISBN-10: 3631720998
  • ISBN-13: 9783631720998

This book investigates inconsistencies in the accent adopted by advanced German learners of English with respect to differences between standard American and British English (rhoticity, t-voicing, the vowels in the lexical sets «bath», «lot» and «thought»). From a theoretical point of view, the volume contributes to understanding the status of L1 transfer in language learners at «ultimate attainment», a stabilized, late stage in language acquisition. Unlike in many studies in second language acquisition, the approach taken here is variationist, taking into account extra- and intra-linguistic factors as potential explanations for variability. The findings suggest that in addition to the target accent the strongest external factor is time spent abroad, while L1 accent and proficiency level seem to have minor impact only.



This book investigates inconsistencies in the British and American accents of advanced German learners of English. It takes a variationist approach based on extra- and intra-linguistic factors as potential explanations for variability and contributes to understanding the status of L1 transfer in language learners at «ultimate attainment».

List of Figures
xiii
List of Tables
xxi
Acknowledgements xxv
1 Introduction
1(6)
2 Variation, transfer and ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
7(32)
2.1 Variation
8(13)
2.1.1 Internal and external factors
9(10)
2.1.2 Systematic vs. non-systematic variation
19(2)
2.2 Transfer in second language (phonological) acquisition
21(9)
2.3 Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition
30(6)
2.4 Implications for the present study
36(3)
3 British English, American English and German: Cross-linguistic comparison and transfer opportunities for German learners
39(28)
3.1 Rhoticity and linking <r>
40(7)
3.1.1 Cross-linguistic comparison
40(6)
3.1.2 Transfer opportunities
46(1)
3.2 T-voicing
47(4)
3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
47(3)
3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
50(1)
3.3 The bath vowel and the Lot / Thought distinction
51(13)
3.3.1 The vowel systems of BrE, AmE and Standard German
52(4)
3.3.2 The bath vowel
56(1)
3.3.2.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
56(3)
3.3.2.2 Transfer opportunities
59(1)
3.3.3 The Lot / Thought distinction
60(1)
3.3.3.1 Cross-linguistics comparison
60(3)
3.3.3.2 Transfer opportunities
63(1)
3.4 Summary
64(3)
4 The attainment of an English accent by advanced German learners: Research questions
67(2)
5 Methodology
69(40)
5.1 Speakers
69(3)
5.2 Diagnostic texts: "Comma gets a cure" and "Munchen"
72(2)
5.2.1 Comma gets a cure
73(1)
5.2.2 Munchen
74(1)
5.3 Rhoticity and linking <r>
74(5)
5.4 T-voicing
79(2)
5.5 The bath vowel and the Lot / Thought distinction
81(20)
5.5.1 A Brief note on lexical sets for German
82(1)
5.5.2 Bath and Lot / Thought
83(4)
5.5.3 Vowel measurement in PRAAT
87(5)
5.5.4 Plotting vowels: The package "Vowels" for R (Kendall & Thomas 2012)
92(9)
5.6 Statistical analyses
101(8)
5.6.1 Consonants: Rbrul (Johnson 2009)
102(2)
5.6.2 Vowels: Boxplots and pairwise t-tests in R
104(5)
6 Results: The realizations of salient differences between BrE and AmE by advanced German learners
109(132)
6.1 Rhoticity and linking <r>
109(34)
6.1.1 Rhoticity
110(1)
6.1.1.1 Quantitative distribution of rhoticity by-target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
110(14)
6.1.1.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
124(5)
6.1.2 Linking <r>
129(1)
6.1.2.1 Quantitative distribution of linking <r> by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
129(10)
6.1.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
139(4)
6.2 T-voicing
143(19)
6.2.1 Quantitative distribution of t-voicing by target variety, region, proficiency and time spent abroad
143(2)
6.2.1.1 Extra-linguistic independent variables L1 accent region, proficiency and time spent abroad
145(3)
6.2.1.2 Intra-linguistic independent variables position and word class
148(10)
6.2.2 Summary and Rbrul analysis
158(4)
6.3 The bath vowel and the Lot / Thought distinction
162(79)
6.3.1 The bath vowel
164(1)
6.3.1.1 Native bath in comparison to German vowel space
164(7)
6.3.1.2 Bath by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
171(3)
6.3.1.3 Bath in comparison to trap and palm, native bath, and German Baten, Katzchen, Betten, Baten and Hatten
174(24)
6.3.2 The Lot / Thought distinction
198(1)
6.3.2.1 Native lot and thought in comparison to German vowel space
198(8)
6.3.2.2 Lot and thought by region, proficiency and time spent abroad
206(5)
6.3.2.3 Lot and thought in comparison to native lot and thought and German Boten, Socken, Baten and Hatten
211(30)
7 Summary and discussion
241(24)
7.1 Linguistic features
241(14)
7.1.1 Rhoticity
241(3)
7.1.2 Linking <r>
244(1)
7.1.3 T-voicing
245(2)
7.1.4 Bath
247(3)
7.1.5 Lot / Thought
250(5)
7.2 The influence of extra-linguistic variables on the degree of approximation to the self-chose target accent
255(6)
7.2.1 The self-chosen target accent
255(2)
7.2.2 L1 accent region
257(1)
7.2.3 Proficiency
258(1)
7.2.4 Time spent abroad
258(3)
7.3 Transfer and ultimate attainment
261(4)
8 Conclusion and outlook
265(6)
9 References
271
Alexander Kautzsch is a linguist in the Department of English and American Studies at the University of Regensburg. His main research interests include phonological second language acquisition, English in Namibia, and the historical evolution of African American English.