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Basic Lessons On Isometries, Similarities And Inversions In The Euclidean Plane: A Synthetic Approach [Pehme köide]

(Hamline University, Usa)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 500 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Sep-2021
  • Kirjastus: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 981124037X
  • ISBN-13: 9789811240379
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 500 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Sep-2021
  • Kirjastus: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 981124037X
  • ISBN-13: 9789811240379
Teised raamatud teemal:

The aim of this book is to provide a complete synthetic exposition of plane isometries, similarities and inversions to readers who are interested in studying, teaching, and using this material. The topics developed in this book can provide new proofs and solutions to many results and problems of classical geometry, which are presented with different proofs in the literature. Their applications are numerous and some, such as the Steiner Chains and Point, are useful to engineers. The book contains many good examples, important applications and numerous exercises of various level and difficulty, which are classified in the three groups of: general exercises, geometrical constructions, and geometrical loci. Some lengthy exercises or groups of related exercises can be viewed as projects. On the basis of the above, this book, besides Classical Geometry, is an important addition to Mathematics Education.

Biography xi
Acknowledgements xii
Prologue xiii
1 Some Preliminaries
1(14)
1.1 Definitions
1(3)
1.2 Free Vectors
4(5)
1.3 Preliminary Exercises
9(6)
2 Isometries
15(116)
2.1 Definitions and Basic Isometries
15(5)
2.1.1 Basic Isometries
16(4)
2.2 General Properties of Plane Isometries
20(18)
2.2.1 Fixed Points and Determination of Isometries
28(9)
2.2.2 Fixed Sets
37(1)
2.3 Compositions of Basic Isometries
38(25)
2.3.1 General Result
63(1)
2.4 The Set of All of Isometries
63(18)
2.4.1 General Result Revisited
79(2)
2.5 Geometric Determination of Basic Isometries
81(23)
2.5.1 Parallel Translations and their Characterization
81(2)
2.5.2 Rotations
83(5)
2.5.3 Determination of the Center of a Rotation
88(8)
2.5.4 Reflections, Opposite Isometries and Glides
96(8)
2.6 Applications of Isometries
104(27)
2.6.1 Examples of Applications of Parallel Translation
104(4)
2.6.2 Examples of Applications of Rotation
108(10)
2.6.3 Examples of Applications of Reflection
118(13)
3 Exercises on Isometries
131(12)
3.1 Parallel Translations
131(2)
3.1.1 General
131(1)
3.1.2 Geometrical Constructions
131(1)
3.1.3 Geometrical Loci
132(1)
3.2 Rotations
133(4)
3.2.1 General
133(2)
3.2.2 Geometrical Constructions
135(1)
3.2.3 Geometrical Loci
136(1)
3.3 Reflections and Glides
137(6)
3.3.1 General
137(4)
3.3.2 Geometrical Constructions
141(1)
3.3.3 Geometrical Loci
142(1)
4 Similarities
143(132)
4.1 Definitions and Basic Similarities
143(17)
4.1.1 Basic Similarities
144(16)
4.2 Homotheties and their Compositions
160(29)
4.2.1 Composition of Homotheties
164(5)
4.2.2 Compositions of Homotheties and Parallel Translations and their Algebraic Group
169(4)
4.2.3 Applications of Homothety
173(16)
4.3 General Properties of Plane Similarities
189(14)
4.4 Direct Similarities and their Algebraic Group
203(39)
4.4.1 Compositions of Homotheties and Rotations
203(4)
4.4.2 General Characterizations of Direct Similarities
207(3)
4.4.3 Determination of Direct Similarities
210(1)
4.4.4 Determination of the Center of a Direct Similarity
211(31)
4.5 Opposite Similarities
242(26)
4.5.1 Compositions of Homotheties and Reflections
242(1)
4.5.2 Determination of an Opposite Similarity
243(10)
4.5.3 Other Facts on the Center of an Opposite Similarity
253(1)
4.5.4 Other Facts on the Axes of an Opposite Similarity
253(4)
4.5.5 Additional Properties of the Center and the Axes of an Opposite Similarity and Harmonic Quadruples
257(7)
4.5.6 Coincidence of the Centers of the Direct and Opposite Similarities
264(4)
4.6 Applications of Similarities
268(7)
5 Exercises on Similarities
275(20)
5.1 Homotheties and Harmonic Quadruples
275(13)
5.1.1 General
275(8)
5.1.2 Geometrical Constructions
283(2)
5.1.3 Geometrical Loci
285(3)
5.2 Direct Similarities
288(3)
5.2.1 General
288(1)
5.2.2 Geometrical Constructions
289(1)
5.2.3 Geometrical Loci
289(2)
5.3 Opposite Similarities
291(4)
5.3.1 General
291(2)
5.3.2 Geometrical Constructions
293(1)
5.3.3 Geometrical Loci
294(1)
6 The Transformation of Inversion
295(146)
6.1 Definitions and some properties
295(5)
6.1.1 Two Fundamental Properties of Inversions
298(2)
6.2 Invariant or Fixed Elements
300(13)
6.2.1 Fixed Points
300(3)
6.2.2 Invariant Straight Lines
303(1)
6.2.3 Invariant Circles
303(10)
6.3 Determination of Inversions
313(5)
6.3.1 Inversion Expressed Analytically
317(1)
6.4 Inverses of Straight Lines and Circles
318(30)
6.4.1 Straight Lines Away from the Center of Inversion and Circles Passing through the Center of Inversion
318(6)
6.4.2 Images of Circles that do not Pass through the Center of Inversion
324(10)
6.4.3 Two Geometrical Constructions of Inverse Points and Polar Lines
334(2)
6.4.4 Some Short-cuts in Construction of Inverses
336(6)
6.4.5 Distance of Inverse Points
342(1)
6.4.6 Inversion Preserves Ratios Similar to Cross-Ratio
343(1)
6.4.7 About Angle Preservation by Inversions
344(4)
6.5 Some Compositions Involving Inversions
348(38)
6.5.1 Practical constructions of the radical axis of two circles that do not intersect
361(3)
6.5.2 An Important Property of the Poncelet Points
364(22)
6.6 Applications
386(46)
6.6.1 Seven Notable Theorems
386(26)
6.6.2 Examples Using Inversion
412(20)
6.7 Appendix
432(9)
7 Exercises on Circles
441(10)
7.1 General
441(8)
7.2 Geometrical Constructions
449(1)
7.3 Geometrical Loci
450(1)
8 Exercises on Radical Axis
451(10)
8.1 General
451(7)
8.2 Geometrical Constructions
458(1)
8.3 Geometrical Loci
459(2)
9 Exercises on Inversion
461(18)
9.1 General
461(12)
9.2 Geometrical Constructions
473(1)
9.3 Geometrical Loci
474(3)
9.4 Exercises on the Appendix
477(2)
Bibliography 479(2)
Index 481