About the Authors |
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xii | |
Table of Cases |
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xv | |
Table of Legislation |
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xx | |
Table of Secondary Legislation |
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xxxii | |
Introduction |
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xxxvi | |
Part I: Overview |
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1 Introducing the Handbook |
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1 | (6) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 The Handbook as a Survival Guide |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (2) |
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1.4 Key Aspects of Police Education and Training |
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3 | (3) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (25) |
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7 | (1) |
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2.2 Chronology of Law Enforcement and Policing |
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7 | (4) |
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2.3 Glossary of Terms Used in Policing |
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11 | (14) |
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25 | (2) |
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2.5 Police Organization and Governance |
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27 | (2) |
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2.6 Conventions for Conveying Information |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
Part II: Policing in Context |
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32 | (28) |
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32 | (1) |
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3.2 Policing and Law Enforcement Agencies |
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32 | (1) |
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3.3 The Multi-agency Approach |
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33 | (2) |
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3.4 The Extended Policing Family |
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35 | (4) |
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3.5 Personal Authority and Legitimacy |
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39 | (3) |
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42 | (4) |
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3.7 Policing as a Profession |
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46 | (3) |
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3.8 Diversity and the Police |
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49 | (2) |
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3.9 Approaches to Policing in England and Wales |
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51 | (5) |
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56 | (4) |
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60 | (17) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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4.5 Modelling Crime and Criminality |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (6) |
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75 | (2) |
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5 The Criminal Justice System in England and Wales |
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77 | (12) |
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77 | (1) |
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5.2 The Law in England and Wales |
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77 | (2) |
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5.3 Principles of Criminal Liability |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (2) |
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5.5 The Criminal Justice System in Practice |
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82 | (3) |
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5.6 The Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (2) |
Part III: Qualifications and Training |
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6 Roles, Responsibilities, and Support |
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89 | (36) |
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89 | (1) |
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6.2 Attestation and the Role of the Police Constable |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (2) |
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6.4 The Police Regulations and Conditions of Service |
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93 | (1) |
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6.5 Ethical Decision-making in Policing |
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94 | (3) |
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6.6 Misconduct and Complaints Procedures |
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97 | (5) |
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6.7 Police Representative Organizations |
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102 | (2) |
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6.8 Managing Police Information |
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104 | (2) |
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6.9 Operating IT and Communication Systems |
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106 | (4) |
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6.10 Police Equipment and Technology |
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110 | (1) |
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6.11 Effective Interpersonal Communication |
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111 | (4) |
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115 | (6) |
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121 | (4) |
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7 Qualification and Professional Development |
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125 | (12) |
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125 | (1) |
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7.2 The National Policing Curriculum |
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125 | (1) |
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7.3 Overview of Qualifications |
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126 | (1) |
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7.4 The Certificate and the Diploma |
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127 | (3) |
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130 | (1) |
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7.6 Professional Development |
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131 | (4) |
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7.7 The Policing Education Qualifications Framework (PEQF) |
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135 | (2) |
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8 Education, Training, and Assessment |
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137 | (34) |
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137 | (1) |
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8.2 Applying to Join the Police |
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138 | (4) |
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142 | (1) |
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8.4 The Probationary Period and Confirmation |
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142 | (5) |
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147 | (12) |
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8.6 Learning as a Trainee Police Officer |
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159 | (10) |
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169 | (2) |
Part IV: General Procedures |
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9 Stop, Search, and Entry |
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171 | (20) |
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171 | (1) |
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9.2 Definitions of Places and Other Locations |
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172 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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9.4 Stop and Search Powers |
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172 | (11) |
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9.5 Road Checks (s 4 of the PACE Act 1984) |
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183 | (1) |
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9.6 Search of Premises on Arrest |
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184 | (1) |
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9.7 Search Warrants for Evidence of Indictable Offences |
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185 | (1) |
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9.8 Searching Premises, Vehicles, and Open Land |
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186 | (3) |
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189 | (2) |
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10 Initial Investigation, Arrest, Detention, and Disposal |
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191 | (39) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (5) |
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197 | (2) |
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10.4 Unsolicited Comments by Suspects |
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199 | (1) |
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10.5 Identification of Suspects by Witnesses |
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199 | (2) |
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10.6 Arrest Without Warrant |
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201 | (5) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (4) |
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10.9 Retaining Items in Relation to an Offence |
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211 | (1) |
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10.10 Presentation of Suspects to Custody Officers |
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212 | (3) |
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10.11 Statements from Witnesses and Victims |
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215 | (3) |
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218 | (2) |
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10.13 Methods of Disposal of Criminal Suspects |
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220 | (7) |
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10.14 Handover Procedures |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (27) |
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230 | (1) |
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11.2 General Procedures at Crime Scenes |
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231 | (8) |
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11.3 Incidents Involving Deaths |
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239 | (4) |
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11.4 Railway Incidents and Fires |
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243 | (3) |
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11.5 Attending Emergency, Major, and Critical Incidents |
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246 | (4) |
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11.6 Attending Scenes with Suspect Devices |
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250 | (2) |
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252 | (2) |
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254 | (3) |
Part V: Specific Incidents |
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12 Alcohol, Drugs, and Substance Abuse |
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257 | (16) |
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257 | (1) |
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12.2 Alcohol-related Offences and Powers |
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257 | (2) |
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12.3 Alcohol and Young People |
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259 | (1) |
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12.4 Premises Licensing Legislation |
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260 | (2) |
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12.5 Controlled Drugs and Psychoactive Substances |
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262 | (6) |
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12.6 Production and Supply Offences |
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268 | (3) |
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271 | (2) |
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13 Protection from Violence, Abuse, and Neglect |
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273 | (36) |
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273 | (1) |
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13.2 Mentally Vulnerable People |
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273 | (6) |
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13.3 Safeguarding Children |
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279 | (4) |
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283 | (2) |
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13.5 Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking |
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285 | (3) |
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13.6 Family Violence and Oppression |
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288 | (10) |
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13.7 Support for Victims, Witnesses, and the General Public |
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298 | (5) |
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13.8 The Prevention of Harm to Animals |
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303 | (4) |
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307 | (2) |
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14 Policing Public Order, Anti-social Behaviour, and Harassment |
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309 | (34) |
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309 | (1) |
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14.2 Countering Anti-social Behaviour |
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310 | (5) |
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315 | (3) |
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14.4 The Public Order Act 1986 |
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318 | (6) |
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14.5 Protection from Harassment |
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324 | (5) |
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14.6 Intimidation of Witnesses, Jurors, and Others |
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329 | (2) |
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14.7 Sporting Events Offences |
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331 | (3) |
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14.8 Criminal Trespass and Outdoor Gatherings |
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334 | (2) |
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336 | (1) |
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337 | (3) |
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340 | (3) |
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15 Unlawful Violence Against Persons and Premises |
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343 | (14) |
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343 | (1) |
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15.2 Common Assault and Occasioning Actual Bodily Harm |
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344 | (3) |
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15.3 Unlawful and Malicious Wounding or Inflicting GBH |
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347 | (1) |
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15.4 Assaulting, Resisting, or Obstructing Police Officers |
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348 | (1) |
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15.5 General Defences to the Use of Violence |
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349 | (2) |
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351 | (1) |
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15.7 The Use of Violence to Enter Premises |
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352 | (1) |
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15.8 Gang-related Violence |
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353 | (1) |
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15.9 Managing Violent Offenders |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (2) |
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16 Theft, Fraud, and Related Offences |
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357 | (27) |
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357 | (1) |
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16.2 The Definition of Theft |
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357 | (2) |
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16.3 Robbery and Blackmail |
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359 | (2) |
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16.4 Burglary and Trespassing |
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361 | (4) |
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16.5 Stolen Goods and the Proceeds of Crime |
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365 | (4) |
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369 | (1) |
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16.7 Abstracting Electricity |
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370 | (1) |
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16.8 Theft of Vehicles and Related Offences |
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371 | (5) |
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16.9 Fraud and Bribery Offences |
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376 | (5) |
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381 | (3) |
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384 | (20) |
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384 | (1) |
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17.2 Acts of a Sexual Nature in Public Places |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (2) |
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17.4 Sexual Images Offences |
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388 | (2) |
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390 | (2) |
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17.6 Sexual Assault, Rape, and Other Sexual Offences |
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392 | (5) |
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17.7 Children, Young People, and Sexual Offences |
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397 | (5) |
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17.8 Protecting the Public from Sexual Harm |
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402 | (1) |
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403 | (1) |
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404 | (19) |
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404 | (1) |
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404 | (5) |
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409 | (4) |
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413 | (3) |
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416 | (2) |
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418 | (1) |
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419 | (1) |
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420 | (1) |
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421 | (2) |
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19 Road and Traffic Policing |
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423 | (70) |
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423 | (1) |
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19.2 Definitions Relating to Vehicles and Roads |
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424 | (4) |
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19.3 Vehicle and Driver Documents |
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428 | (10) |
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19.4 Stopping a Vehicle and Examining Documents |
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438 | (2) |
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19.5 Construction and Use of Vehicles |
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440 | (13) |
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19.6 Pedestrian Crossings and Road Signs |
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453 | (3) |
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19.7 Road Traffic Collisions |
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456 | (5) |
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19.8 Offences Relating to Standards of Driving |
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461 | (5) |
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19.9 Drink-and Drug-driving |
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466 | (12) |
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19.10 Using Vehicles to Cause Alarm, Distress, and Annoyance |
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478 | (1) |
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19.11 Other Offences Relating to Vehicles and Highways |
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478 | (3) |
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19.12 Methods of Disposal for Motoring Offences |
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481 | (6) |
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487 | (6) |
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20 Damage to Buildings and Other Property |
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493 | (6) |
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493 | (1) |
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493 | (2) |
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495 | (1) |
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495 | (1) |
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20.5 Possessing an Article with Intent to Cause Criminal Damage |
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496 | (1) |
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20.6 Causing Damage to Heritage Sites |
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496 | (2) |
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498 | (1) |
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499 | (11) |
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499 | (1) |
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21.2 Examples of Cybercrime |
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500 | (4) |
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21.3 Responding to Cybercrime |
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504 | (2) |
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21.4 Legislation and Cybercrime Offences |
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506 | (1) |
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21.5 Seizure and Packaging of Computers and Other Digital Devices |
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507 | (3) |
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22 Attempts, Conspiracy, and Encouraging or Assisting Crime |
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510 | (7) |
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510 | (1) |
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510 | (2) |
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512 | (1) |
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22.4 Encouraging or Assisting Crime |
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513 | (3) |
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516 | (1) |
Part VI: Investigation and Prosecution |
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517 | (19) |
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517 | (1) |
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23.2 Sources of Intelligence |
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518 | (1) |
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23.3 Covert Human Intelligence Sources |
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519 | (4) |
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523 | (5) |
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23.5 Managing, Processing, and Using Intelligence |
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528 | (2) |
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23.6 The National Intelligence Model |
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530 | (3) |
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533 | (3) |
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24 Criminal Investigation |
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536 | (18) |
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536 | (1) |
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24.2 Key Principles for Investigations |
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537 | (5) |
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24.3 The Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996 |
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542 | (3) |
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24.4 The Investigation Stage by Stage |
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545 | (7) |
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24.5 Trainee Officers and Investigations |
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552 | (1) |
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552 | (2) |
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25 Investigative Interviewing |
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554 | (22) |
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554 | (1) |
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25.2 Key Principles for Interviewing |
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555 | (1) |
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25.3 What is an Investigative Interview? |
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556 | (6) |
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25.4 The Needs of the Interviewee |
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562 | (1) |
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25.5 Interviews with Suspects |
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563 | (10) |
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25.6 Interviews with Witnesses |
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573 | (1) |
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25.7 Interviews and Criminal Intelligence |
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574 | (1) |
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575 | (1) |
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26 Forensic Investigation |
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576 | (28) |
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576 | (1) |
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26.2 Principles of Forensic Investigation |
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577 | (3) |
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26.3 Forensic Science and Investigations |
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580 | (2) |
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26.4 Establishing the Time and Date of an Event |
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582 | (1) |
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26.5 Types of Forensic Evidence |
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583 | (9) |
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26.6 Taking Samples in Investigations |
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592 | (7) |
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26.7 Seizure and Packaging Techniques |
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599 | (3) |
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602 | (2) |
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27 Prosecution and Court Procedures |
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604 | (15) |
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604 | (1) |
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27.2 The Role of the Crown Prosecution Service |
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604 | (1) |
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27.3 The Charging Process |
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605 | (1) |
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27.4 Preparing and Submitting Case Files |
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606 | (2) |
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608 | (10) |
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618 | (1) |
Bibliography and References |
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619 | (14) |
Index |
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633 | |