| Preface For Instructors |
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v | |
| Contents: Theme And Discipline |
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xxxiii | |
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How (And Why) To Use This Book |
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1 | (2) |
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1 | (2) |
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The Methods Of Development |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (2) |
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Overviews of reading, writing, and research |
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Reading questions and writing prompts |
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5 | (2) |
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PART ONE ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING |
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7 | (58) |
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1 Critical Reading: Learning from Other Writers |
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9 | (18) |
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10 | (2) |
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NANCY MAIRS Disability {annotated essay) |
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12 | (3) |
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A writer with multiple sclerosis thinks she knows why the media carry so few images of people like herself with disabilities: Viewers might conclude, correctly, that "there is something ordinary about disability itself" |
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Developing An Understanding |
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15 | (2) |
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Thinking critically Checklist for critical reading |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Language Questions for analyzing a written work |
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19 | (3) |
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22 | (1) |
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Questions for examining an image |
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23 | (4) |
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Visual Image: Man Fishing by a Power Plant, photograph by Robin Nelson Seeing the big picture |
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2 The Writing Process: Discovery and Drafting |
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27 | (14) |
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Assessing The Writing Situation |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (3) |
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Exploring the methods of development |
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Responding to a text DRAFTING |
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33 | (5) |
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Shaping the introduction and conclusion |
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A Student Essay-In-Progress |
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38 | (3) |
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3 The Writing Process: Reviewing and Revising |
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41 | (14) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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Questions for peer review and revision |
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42 | (3) |
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45 | (5) |
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Summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting |
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A Student Essay-In-Progress |
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50 | (5) |
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Peer responses to first draft |
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Journal notes on peer review |
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4 The Writing Process: Editing |
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55 | (10) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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Crafting Clear And Engaging Sentences |
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57 | (2) |
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59 | (2) |
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Run-on sentences and comma splices |
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Misplaced and dangling modifiers |
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A Student Essay-In-Progress |
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61 | (1) |
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Rosie Anaya Mental Illness on Television (annotated student essay) |
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62 | (3) |
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Inspired by reading Nancy Mairs's "Disability" (Chap. 1), a student writer argues that television should "portray psychological disability as a part of everyday life, not a crime" |
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65 | (354) |
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5 Narration: Telling a Story |
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67 | (30) |
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Visual Image: Proposal, drawing by Demetri Martin |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (3) |
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The narrator in the story |
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71 | (2) |
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How to organize a narrative |
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73 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a narrative |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (4) |
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The writer recalls her teenage angst when the minister and his cute blond son attended her family's Christmas Eve dinner, an elaborate Chinese feast |
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79 | (4) |
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Newly arrived in San Antonio, a pair of friends thought they were visiting an art exhibit. Their mistake was nothing short of mortifying |
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Naomi Shihab Nye on Writing |
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83 | (2) |
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Code Three (student essay) |
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85 | (4) |
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An emergency medical technician responds to a 911 call, and a stand-off ensues |
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Mayaangelou Champion of the World |
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89 | (4) |
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She didn't dare ring up a sale while that epic battle was on. A noted African American writer remembers from her early childhood the night a people's fate hung on a pair of boxing gloves |
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93 | (2) |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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95 | (2) |
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6 Description: Writing with Your Senses |
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97 | (36) |
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Visual Image: Under the Passaic Falls, photograph by Todd R. Darling |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (2) |
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Dominant impression and thesis |
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How to organize a description |
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101 | (1) |
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Focus on specific and concrete language |
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102 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a description |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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Brad Manning Arm Wrestling with My Father (student essay) |
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104 | (6) |
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In the time it takes for a strong arm to fall, a college student learns that becoming an adult has changed the way he feels about his father and their physical competition |
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110 | (2) |
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Scaachi Koul Impatiently Waiting for the Horror of Death |
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112 | (5) |
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"`I don't want to fight with you,' he tells me. `I don't have much time left.'" Increasingly preoccupied with his inevitable demise, an aging father frustrates his daughter |
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117 | (2) |
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Shonda Rhimes My Summer of Scooping Ice Cream |
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119 | (4) |
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A minimum-wage job at Baskin-Robbins taught this television producer and writer perseverance, responsibility, and a distaste for ice cream |
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N. Scott Momaday The Way to Rainy Mountain |
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123 | (8) |
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On a trek to his grandmother's grave, a Kiowa writer revisits the landscapes of his ancestry |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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131 | (2) |
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7 Example: Pointing to Instances |
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133 | (32) |
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Visual Image: Costumes to Scare Millennials, cartoon by Sarah Andersen |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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The generalization and the thesis |
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Organization Focus on sentence variety |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising an example essay |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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Brent Staples Black Men and Public Space |
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139 | (4) |
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In near-deserted streets at night, an African American writer finds that women flee from him. Relating case histories, he tells what he has discovered about his "ability to paired alter public space" |
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143 | (3) |
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146 | (5) |
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A popular television and Web producer recounts some unsettling situations of being "not black enough" for anybody, including herself |
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151 | (3) |
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A journalist who confesses an aversion for "looking at the big picture, taking the global view," insists on seeing homelessness as an individual crisis |
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154 | (2) |
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Zane Rassler Looking Back (student essay) |
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156 | (5) |
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Cataloging hints throughout childhood that pointed to his "not fitting into the role of a Typical Female," a transgender student shows how social norms can obscure truths that seem obvious in hindsight |
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161 | (1) |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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162 | (3) |
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8 Comparison And Contrast: Setting Things Side by Side |
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165 | (36) |
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Visual Image: Excerpt from Fun Home, graphic memoir by Alison Bechdel |
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166 | (1) |
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Uses of comparison and contrast |
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167 | (3) |
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Basis for comparison and thesis |
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How to organize a comparison-and-contrast essay |
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170 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a comparison-and-contrast essay |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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Jourdan Imani Keith At Risk |
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173 | (4) |
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Drawing striking parallels between spawning salmon and underserved youth, a naturalist ponders the mismatched reactions to a label applied to both animals and people |
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Jourdan Imani Keith on Writing |
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177 | (1) |
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Ted Chiang The Great Silence |
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178 | (7) |
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Instead of searching for nonhuman intelligence in the depths of space, why not look in the rainforests of Puerto Rico? Taking on the voice of a parrot, an acclaimed science fiction writer asks probing questions about the nature of language and communication |
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Visual Images: from The Great Silence, video installation by Allora & Calzadilla |
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Caitlin Mcdougall So Enid and Dorothy from West Covina Can Hear You (student essay) |
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185 | (4) |
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A trained actor dips her toe into the film industry and finds the experience profoundly different from performing on stage |
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Caitlin McDougall on Writing |
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189 | (2) |
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David Sedaris Remembering My Childhood on the Continent of Africa |
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191 | (7) |
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This beloved essayist complains about his "unspeakably dull" childhood, when he might have grown up like his partner, Hugh, amid monkeys and machete-wielding guards |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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198 | (3) |
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9 Process Analysis: Explaining Step by Step |
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201 | (38) |
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Visual Image: Workers Making Dolls, photograph by Wally McNamee |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (2) |
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How to organize a process analysis |
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205 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a process analysis |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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Anne Lamott Shitty First Drafts |
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208 | (6) |
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For those who struggle with writer's block, this writer recommends quieting their inner voices and just getting some words down, no matter how terrible the effort |
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Koji Frahm How to Write an A Paper (student essay) |
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214 | (5) |
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"Be nebulous. Scratch that, be amphibological" With tongue firmly in cheek, a college student offers writing tips for his peers |
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219 | (2) |
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Firoozeh Dumas SWEet, Sour, and Resentful |
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221 | (4) |
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A well-known humorist tries to understand why her mother endured "the same draining routine week after week" to prepare traditional Iranian menus for dozens of houseguests she barely knew |
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Firoozeh Dumas on Writing |
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225 | (2) |
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Jessica Mitford Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain |
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227 | (10) |
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With sardonic wit the writer, dubbed "Queen of the Muckrakers" by Time, details the stages through which a sallow corpse becomes a masterwork of mortuary art |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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237 | (2) |
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10 Division Or Analysis: Slicing into Parts |
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239 | (32) |
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Visual Image: Deconstructing Lunch, cartoon by Roz Chast |
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240 | (1) |
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Kinds of division or analysis |
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Analysis and critical thinking THE PROCESS |
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241 | (2) |
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Principle of analysis and thesis |
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Evidence How to organize a division or analysis essay |
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243 | (1) |
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Focus on paragraph coherence |
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244 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a division or analysis essay |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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Paul Theroux Football Matters |
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246 | (6) |
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"Football's a religion here" is no mere cliche or exaggeration when it comes to the University of Alabama and its champion team, observes a travel writer. "Roll, Tide, roll!" |
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252 | (1) |
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Zadie Smith Find Your Beach |
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253 | (7) |
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A writer picks apart an insipid phrase from an ad taking up an entire wall across from paired her apartment to explore how its sentiment is "pure Manhattan" |
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Visual Image: Find Your Beach, advertisement by Corona Zadie Smith on Writing |
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260 | (1) |
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Laila Ayad The Capricious Camera (documented student essay) |
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261 | (8) |
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A German photograph from the time of World War II prompts a student writer to connect the subject's story to the larger narrative of Nazi racial experiments |
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Visual Image: Mounted Nazi Troops on the Lookout for Likely Polish Children, photograph |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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269 | (2) |
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11 Classification: Sorting into Kinds |
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271 | (34) |
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Visual Image: How the Poor, the Middle Class, and the Rich Spend Their Money, table by National Public Radio |
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272 | (1) |
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Subjects and reasons for classification |
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273 | (1) |
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Focus on paragraph development |
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274 | (2) |
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How to organize a classification |
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276 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a classification |
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277 | (1) |
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Leo Braudy Where Our Monsters Come From |
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278 | (5) |
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The fictional horrors that capture the public's imagination may change over time, but they also stay the same, says this professor. Four primary types, he explains, each embody a specific set of human fears |
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283 | (1) |
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Deborah Tannen But What Do You Mean? |
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283 | (8) |
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Sometimes an apology is not an apology, observes an expert on communication. Men selections and women would get along better, she says, if they understood each other's codes of speech |
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Deborah Tannen on Writing |
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291 | (2) |
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William Lutz The World of Doublespeak |
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293 | (8) |
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"Pavement deficiencies" (potholes) and "a career alternative placement program" (a paired layoff of workers) are but two expressions that conceal unpleasant truths. An expert in such doublespeak explains the types and their effects |
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301 | (2) |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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303 | (2) |
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12 Cause And Effect: Asking Why |
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305 | (36) |
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Visual Image: Wild Weather, bar graph by National Geographic |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (2) |
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How to organize a cause-and-effect analysis |
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309 | (2) |
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Focus on clarity and conciseness |
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311 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a cause-and-effect essay |
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312 | (1) |
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313 | (4) |
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Talking behind someone's back is bad. Or is it? A columnist brings in researchers and psychologists to refute a common assumption |
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Derek Thompson What Makes Things Cool |
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317 | (10) |
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A specialist in economics and culture examines the delicate balance between familiarity and novelty that influences consumers to "like what they like" |
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Visual Image: Raymond Loewy, illustration by Mark Weaver, with photographs by Bernard Hoffman, Jack Garofalo, and Sherman Oaks Antique Mall |
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327 | (1) |
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Chitra Divakaruni Live Free and Starve |
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327 | (4) |
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Forcing developing countries to stop child labor might not be the cure-all it seems. The children themselves, asserts this writer, could suffer fates worse than working |
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Chitra Divakaruni on Writing |
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331 | (1) |
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Marie Javdani Plata o Plomo: Silver or Lead (documented student essay) |
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332 | (5) |
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Americans who use illegal drugs harm more than just themselves, argues a student writer in this carefully researched essay. Consider the plight of Miguel, a South American boy victimized by the drug trade |
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337 | (4) |
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13 Definition: Tracing Boundaries |
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341 | (30) |
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Visual Image: This Expedition Called Life, advertisement by Outward Bound |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (2) |
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Evidence How to organize a definition |
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345 | (2) |
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347 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising a definition |
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348 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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Tal Fortganc Checking My Privilege (student essay) |
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349 | (5) |
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Despite pressure from classmates to consider his advantages, an Ivy League freshman refuses "to feel personally apologetic because white males seem to pull most of the strings in the world" |
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354 | (2) |
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Roxane Gay Peculiar Benefits |
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356 | (5) |
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A cultural critic--who also happens to be "a woman, a person of color, and the child of immigrants" -- takes note of her own privileges and admonishes readers to do the same |
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361 | (1) |
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Augusten Burroughs How to Identify Love by Knowing What |
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362 | (7) |
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A memoirist turned self-help writer makes an impassioned plea to those caught in the grip of romance |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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369 | (2) |
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14 Argument And Persuasion: Stating Opinions and Proposals |
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371 | (48) |
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Visual Image: Corporate America Flag, image from Adbusters Media Foundation |
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372 | (4) |
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Audience and common ground |
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376 | (5) |
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381 | (1) |
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How to organize an argument |
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382 | (1) |
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Checklist for reviewing and revising an argument |
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383 | (2) |
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Linda Chavez Supporting Family Values (annotated essay) |
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385 | (4) |
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A political activist argues that immigrants have a positive influence on the United States--whether they're in the country legally or not |
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389 | (2) |
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Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? |
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391 | (1) |
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David B. Muhlhausen How the Death Penalty Saves Lives |
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391 | (4) |
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Earl Ringo, Jr., committed horrific crimes, but does that justify his execution? A policymaker insists that it does, and explains why he thinks so |
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Semon Frank Thompson What I Learned from Executing Two Men |
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395 | (5) |
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Relating his experience overseeing two lethal injections in the space of one year, a former prison superintendent explains his shift in opinion from supporting the death penalty to opposing it |
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Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces For Students? |
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400 | (1) |
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Dawn Lundy Martin Weary Oracle |
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400 | (4) |
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A poet and professor asserts that it is the obligation of colleges and universities to protect students of color from "race trauma" All too often, she says, these institutions wrongfully put the onus on students to protect themselves |
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Dawn Lundy Martin on Writing |
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404 | (1) |
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Thomas Chatterton Williams Blanket Security |
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405 | (3) |
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After experiencing a "microaggression" himself, a writer grapples with the complex question of whether safe spaces on campus really "alter the status quo" or are simply "symbolic shelters" that do more harm than good |
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Thomas Chatterton Williams on Writing |
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408 | (2) |
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Sarah Hemphill What Happened to Free Speech on College Campuses? (documented student essay) |
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410 | (6) |
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A college student laments the increase of "anti-speech policies" on campus, arguing that such "coddling" creates poorly educated citizens who are ill-prepared for the real world |
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Sarah Hemphill on Writing |
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416 | (2) |
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Additional Writing Topics |
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418 | (1) |
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PART THREE MIXING THE METHODS |
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419 | |
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Joan Didion Earthquakes (annotated essay) |
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421 | (5) |
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With a sharp eye and ear, a famous Californian observes how she and others respond to a series of seismic events. Could this be "the Big One"? |
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426 | (2) |
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Rebecca Solnit Division Street |
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428 | (8) |
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Through the lens of a tent encampment in San Francisco, an accomplished writer looks at the government policies and technological advances that have turned home-lessness into a stubborn problem for American cities |
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Visual Images: from Division Street, photographs by Robert Gumpert |
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436 | (1) |
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Henry David Thoreau What I Lived For |
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436 | (8) |
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"Simplify, simplify!" In this excerpt from Walden, the influential poet-philosopher explains his rejection of consumer culture and the new technologies that came with it |
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Henry David Thoreau on Writing |
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444 | (3) |
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Luis Alberto Urrea Barrio Walden |
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447 | (6) |
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Giddy with anticipation, a Mexican American writer takes a commuter train to visit Thoreau's cabin and is alternately disappointed and overcome with transcendental bliss |
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Luis Alberto Urrea on Writing |
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453 | (2) |
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E.B. White Once More to the Lake |
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455 | (8) |
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A father takes his young son on a pilgrimage to a favorite summertime scene from his own childhood, a lake in Maine. There he arrives at a chilling revelation |
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Appendix: Research And Documentation |
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463 | (1) |
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464 | (1) |
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Preparing an annotated bibliography Questions for evaluating sources |
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465 | (3) |
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468 | (4) |
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Integrating source material |
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Synthesizing multiple sources |
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Source Citation Using Mla Style |
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472 | (15) |
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MLA parenthetical citations |
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A sample research paper in MLA style |
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Margaret Lundberg Eating Green (annotated student essay) |
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487 | (6) |
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After giving up meat and dairy, a student finds from her research that "a vegetarian diet could be `just what the doctor ordered' for our global health" |
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Source Citation Using Apa Style |
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493 | (10) |
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APA parenthetical citations |
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A sample research paper in APA style |
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Eric Kim The Brain That Changes (annotated student essay) |
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503 | (6) |
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For a writing seminar, a pre-med student investigates some "startling" discoveries in neuroscience--and is deeply encouraged by what he learns |
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| Glossary Of Useful Terms |
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509 | (15) |
| Directory To The Writers On Writing |
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524 | (11) |
| Index |
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535 | |
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A STUDENT'S COMPANION FOR THE BEDFORD READER |
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| Introduction |
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v | |
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Part One Succeeding In College |
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1 | (32) |
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1 Building Your Confidence |
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3 | (10) |
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4 | (1) |
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Identifying Strengths And Setting Goals |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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Learning From Your Experiences And Choices |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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Taking Risks In The Classroom |
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Exercise: Questions And Answers |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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Exercise: What Makes A Success? |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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Advice From Other Students |
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11 | (1) |
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Tips For Confidence-Building |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (12) |
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The Case For Time Management |
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13 | (1) |
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Taking Charge Of Your Time |
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14 | (3) |
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Control Factor: Know What You Can And Can't Control |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Four Time-Wasting Habits To Avoid |
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18 | (2) |
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Two Indispensable Tools To Keep You On Track |
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20 | (2) |
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A To-Do List Advice From Other Students |
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22 | (1) |
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Easy Ways To Maximize Your Time |
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23 | (2) |
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3 Writing Ethically And Responsibly |
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25 | (8) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Why It's Easy To Get Caught |
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27 | (1) |
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How Not To Cheat: Ten Essential Tips |
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27 | (1) |
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The Penalties For Cheating |
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28 | (2) |
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The Rules Of Paraphrasing |
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30 | (3) |
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Part Two Writing Activities |
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33 | (172) |
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35 | (8) |
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35 | (5) |
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Classification And Division |
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Essay Development Activities |
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40 | (3) |
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43 | (19) |
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43 | (5) |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (4) |
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54 | (1) |
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Rubric For Assessing Narration Essays |
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55 | (5) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (19) |
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62 | (4) |
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66 | (2) |
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68 | (4) |
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72 | (2) |
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Rubric For Assessing Description Essays |
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74 | (5) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (16) |
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81 | (4) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (3) |
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90 | (2) |
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Rubric For Assessing Example Essays |
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92 | (3) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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95 | (2) |
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8 Comparison And Contrast |
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97 | (17) |
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97 | (4) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (4) |
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106 | (2) |
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Rubric For Assessing Comparison-And-Contrast Essays |
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108 | (4) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (17) |
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114 | (4) |
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118 | (2) |
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120 | (3) |
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123 | (2) |
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Rubric For Assessing Process Analysis Essays |
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125 | (4) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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129 | (2) |
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10 Classification And Division |
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131 | (18) |
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131 | (4) |
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135 | (2) |
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137 | (4) |
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141 | (1) |
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Rubric For Assessing Classification And Division Essays |
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142 | (5) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (18) |
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149 | (4) |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (2) |
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Rubric For Assessing Cause-And-Effect Essays |
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161 | (4) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (18) |
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167 | (4) |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (3) |
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176 | (2) |
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Rubric For Assessing Definition Essays |
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178 | (4) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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182 | (3) |
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13 Argument And Persuasion |
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185 | (20) |
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185 | (5) |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (4) |
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195 | (1) |
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Rubric For Assessing Argument Essays |
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196 | (5) |
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Revision And Editing Activities |
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201 | (4) |
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Part Three Additional Tools For Practice |
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205 | |
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14 Sentence Guides For Academic Writers |
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207 | (11) |
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Academic Writers Present Information And Others' Views |
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208 | (3) |
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Presenting What Is Known Or Assumed |
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Presenting Direct Quotations |
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Presenting Alternative Views |
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Academic Writers Present Their Own Views |
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211 | (3) |
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Presenting Your Own Views: Agreement And Extension |
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Presenting Your Own Views: Queries And Skepticism |
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Presenting Your Own Views: Disagreement Or Correction |
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Presenting And Countering Objections To Your Argument |
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Academic Writers Persuade By Putting It All Together |
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214 | (4) |
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Presenting The Players And Positions In A Debate |
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Using Appropriate Signal Verbs |
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15 Writing Grammatically Correct Sentences |
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218 | (7) |
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Correcting Sentence Boundary Issues |
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218 | (7) |
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Identifying Subjects And Verbs |
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Correcting Sentence Fragments |
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Run-Ons And Fragments In Context |
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Run-Ons And Fragments In The Real World |
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16 Writing Clear Sentences In A Thoughtful Style |
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225 | (14) |
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225 | (2) |
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Sentence Combination In Your Work |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (2) |
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Vocabulary Development In Papers |
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230 | (1) |
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Specificity And Precision Of Language |
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231 | (1) |
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Description And Paragraph Expansion |
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232 | (2) |
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234 | (2) |
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236 | (3) |
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Paragraph Incorporating Quotation |
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17 Activities For Improving Your Writing |
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239 | |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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Thesis Statement Activity |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | |
