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Buckling Experiments: Experimental Methods in Buckling of Thin-Walled Structures, Volume 1: Basic Concepts, Columns, Beams and Plates [Kõva köide]

(Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel), (Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands), (Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 640 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 258x171x35 mm, kaal: 1207 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Dec-1997
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0471956619
  • ISBN-13: 9780471956617
  • Formaat: Hardback, 640 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 258x171x35 mm, kaal: 1207 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Dec-1997
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0471956619
  • ISBN-13: 9780471956617
Considers controlled, laboratory-type experiments, not those carried out by contractors investigating how cheaply they can build walls or foundations and get away with it. Focuses on experimentation as a legitimate and independent activity, rather than simply the verification of theory to which it is often relegated. Rejecting a cookbook approach, presents selected typical experiments in considerable detail with some comments focusing on questions raised during the tests, the methods employed, and the actual test atmosphere. Includes some classic experiments that continue to be valid in their own right and illustrate important principles and procedures, despite the recent developments in instrumentation and techniques for acquiring and reducing data. The amount of information should allow researchers to choose or reject techniques according to their own criteria. Also discusses a certain amount of theory that is deemed essential. The second of the two volumes covers various kinds of buckling in a wide range of specific materials and systems and nondestructive testing. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.

Written by eminent researchers and renown authors of numerous publications in the buckling structures field.
* Deals with experimental investigation in the industry.
* Covers the conventional and more unconventional methods for testing for a wide variety of structures.
* Various parameters which may influence the test results are systemically highlighted including, imperfections, boundary conditions, loading conditions as well as the effects of holes and cut-outs.
Vol. 1: Basic Concepts, Columns, Beams and Plates v(10)
Preface xv
Abbreviated Contents of Vol. 2: Shells, Built-up Structures and Additional Topics xi
1 Introduction
1(14)
1.1 Experiments as Essential Links in Structural Mechanics
1(2)
1.2 The Role of Experiments in Structural Stability
3(2)
1.3 Motivation for Experiments
5(4)
1.4 Bridging Gaps Between Disciplines
9(2)
References
11(4)
2 Concepts of Elastic Stability
15(116)
2.1 Physical Concepts-Types of Observed Behavior and Their Meaning
15(79)
2.1.1 Instability of Columns
16(2)
2.1.2 Instability of Plates
18(3)
2.1.3 Instability of Columns with Compound Cross-Sections
21(4)
2.1.4 Effect of Modal Coupling
25(3)
2.1.5 Buckling of Frames
28(4)
2.1.6 Lateral Buckling of Beams
32(4)
2.1.7 Instability due to Patch Loading
36(3)
2.1.8 Buckling of Beam-Columns
39(2)
2.1.9 Buckling of Rings and Arches
41(4)
2.1.10 Buckling of Shallow Arches
45(5)
2.1.11 Buckling of Circular Cylindrical Shells
50(16)
a. Axial Compression
53(4)
b. Combined External Pressure and Axial Compression
57(2)
c. Combined Torsion and Axial Compression
59(4)
d. Combined Bending and Axial Compression
63(3)
2.1.12 Buckling of Shells of Revolution
66(14)
a. Externally Pressurized Shallow Spherical Caps
69(3)
b. Toroidal Shell Segments under External Pressure (p = -p(e))
72(5)
c. Toroidal Segments under Axial Tension
77(1)
d. Domed (torispherical) End-Closures under Internal Pressure
78(2)
2.1.13 Influence of Nonlinear Effects
80(14)
a. Axially Compressed Cylindrical Shells
81(3)
b. Bending of Cylinders -- Ovalization of the Cross-Section
84(4)
c. Plastic Buckling
88(6)
2.2 Mathematical Models for Perfect Structures
94(30)
2.2.1 Static Versus Kinematic Approach
95(6)
2.2.2 Approximate Solutions of Bifurcation Problems
101(9)
a. The Rayleigh -- Ritz Method
102(4)
b. Galerkin's Method
106(4)
2.2.3 Computational Tools for Bifurcation Problems
110(14)
a. The BOSOR-4 Branched Complex Shell of Revolution Code
111(10)
b. Finite Element Formulation of Bifurcation Problems
121(3)
References
124(7)
3 Postbuckling Behavior of Structures
131(50)
3.1 Introduction
131(3)
3.2 Asymptotic Imperfection Sensitivity Analysis
134(20)
3.2.1 Initial Postbuckling Behavior of Columns
136(3)
3.2.2 Initial Postbuckling Behavior of Plates
139(4)
3.2.3 Initial Postbuckling Behavior of Shells
143(5)
3.2.4 Experimental Verification
148(6)
3.3 Direct Solutions of the Nonlinear Stability Problem
154(23)
3.3.1 Elastic Postbuckling Behavior of Columns
154(2)
3.3.2 Plastic Postbuckling Behavior of Columns
156(4)
3.3.3 Postbuckling Behavior of Plates
160(7)
a. Perfect Plates
161(5)
b. Imperfect Plates
166(1)
3.3.4 Postbuckling Behavior of Circular Cylindrical Shells
167(8)
a. Perfect Shells
167(3)
b. Imperfect Shells
170(5)
3.3.5 Concluding Remarks
175(2)
References
177(4)
4 Elements of a Simple Buckling Test -- a Column Under Axial Compression
181(36)
4.1 Columns and Imperfections
181(1)
4.2 Von Karman's Experiments
182(3)
4.3 The Basic Elements of a Buckling Experiment
185(2)
4.4 Demonstration Experiments
187(7)
4.4.1 University College London Initial Postbuckling Experiments
187(2)
4.4.2 Mechanical Models
189(5)
4.5 Southwell's Method
194(3)
4.5.1 Derivation of Southwell Plot for a Column
194(1)
4.5.2 Application to von Karman's Columns
195(2)
4.6 Application of the Southwell Method to Columns, Beam Columns and Frames
197(10)
4.6.1 Lundquist Plot
197(1)
4.6.2 Donnell's Applications of the Southwell Plot
198(5)
4.6.3 Applications to Frames and Lateral Buckling of Beams
203(3)
4.6.4 Southwell's Method as a Nondestructive Test Method
206(1)
4.7 Remarks on the Applicability of the Southwell Plot
207(6)
References
213(4)
5 Modeling -- Theory and Practice
217(72)
5.1 Mathematical and Physical Modeling
217(1)
5.2 Dimensional Analysis
218(2)
5.2.1 The Procedure in Dimensional Analysis
218(1)
5.2.2 The Buckingham Pi Theorem
219(1)
5.3 Similarity
220(3)
5.3.1 The Concept of Similarity
220(1)
5.3.2 Models Laws
221(2)
5.4 Application to Statically Loaded Elastic Structures
223(5)
5.4.1 Prescribed Loads
223(3)
5.4.2 Displacements and Strains
226(2)
5.5 Loading Beyond Proportional and Elastic Limits
228(1)
5.6 Buckling Experiments
229(8)
5.6.1 Similarity Considerations for Buckling
229(1)
5.6.2 Choice of Materials for Buckling Experiments
230(2)
5.6.3 Elasto-Plastic Buckling
232(2)
5.6.4 Goodier and Thomson's Experiments on Shear Panels
234(3)
5.7 Scaling of Dynamically Loaded Structures
237(22)
5.7.1 Free Vibrations
238(1)
5.7.2 Impact of a Rigid Body on a Structure
238(3)
5.7.3 Scale Model Testing for Impact Loading
241(10)
5.7.4 Plates Subjected to Impulsive Normal Loading
251(3)
5.7.5 Response of Structures to Blast Loading
254(5)
5.8 Scaling of Composite Structures
259(13)
5.8.1 Problems in Scaling of Laminated Composites
259(1)
5.8.2 Scaling Rules for Laminated Beams and Plates
260(1)
5.8.3 Scaling for Strength and Large Deflections of Composites
260(8)
5.8.4 Scaling of Composite Plates
268(2)
5.8.5 Scaling of Composite Cylindrical Shells
270(2)
5.9 Model Analysis in Structural Engineering
272(10)
5.9.1 Model Analysis as a Design Tool
272(1)
5.9.2 Model Analysis in Vibration Studies
273(2)
5.9.3 Buckling Experiments on Models of a Composite Ship Hull Structure
275(4)
5.9.4 Design of Thames Barrier Gates
279(2)
5.9.5 Photoelastic Models
281(1)
5.10 Analogies
282(1)
References
283(6)
6 Columns, Beams and Frameworks
289(120)
6.1 Buckling and Postbuckling of Columns
289(20)
6.1.1 Column Curves and "Secondary" Effects in Column Experiments
289(5)
6.1.2 Column Testing
294(3)
6.1.3 Test Procedures
297(6)
a. Preparation of Specimens
299(1)
b. Initial Dimensions
299(1)
c. Aligning the Column Specimen
299(1)
d. Instrumentation
299(1)
e. Testing
300(2)
f. Presentation of Test Data
302(1)
g. Evalution of Test Results
303(1)
6.1.4 Columns in Offshore Structures
303(1)
6.1.5 End-Fitting Effects in Column Tests
304(5)
6.2 Crippling Strength
309(11)
6.2.1 Crippling Failure
309(1)
6.2.2 Gerard's Method for Calculation of Crippling Stresses
310(1)
6.2.3 Crippling Strength Tests
311(3)
6.2.4 Crinkly Collapse
314(1)
6.2.5 Thin-Walled Cold-Formed and Welded Columns
315(5)
6.3 Torsional-Flexural and Distortional Buckling
320(8)
6.3.1 Torsional Buckling
320(1)
6.3.2 Torsional-Flexural Bucking Tests
320(6)
6.3.3 Distortional Buckling
326(2)
6.4 Lateral Buckling of Beams
328(16)
6.4.1 Lateral instability of beams
328(1)
6.4.2 Prandtl's Lateral Buckling Experiments
329(1)
6.4.3 Other Early Lateral Buckling Tests
330(3)
6.4.4 Recent Lateral Buckling Investigations
333(11)
6.5 Interactive Buckling in Columns and Beams
344(12)
6.5.1 Mode Interaction and Early Studies
344(1)
6.5.2 Interactive Buckling Experiments
345(11)
6.6 Beam-Columns
356(11)
6.6.1 Beam-Columns as Structural Elements
356(1)
6.6.2 Recent Experiments on Tubular Beam-Columns
357(10)
6.7 Buckling of Frameworks
367(30)
6.7.1 Frame instability
367(2)
6.7.2 Tests on Model Frames
369(2)
6.7.3 Behavior of Connections
371(6)
6.7.4 Seismic Loads on Multi-Story Frames
377(15)
6.7.5 Space Structures
392(5)
References
397(12)
7 Arches and Rings
409(44)
7.1 Background
409(1)
7.2 Shallow Arches
410(24)
7.2.1 Arches Under Concentrated Loads
410(17)
(a) Circular Arch
420(2)
(b) Sinusoidal Arch
422(5)
7.2.2 Arches Under Uniform Pressure Loading
427(7)
7.2.3 Additional Empirical Investigations
434(1)
7.3 Rings and High Rise Arches
434(6)
7.3.1 Rings -- Contact Buckling
434(5)
7.3.2 High Rise Arches
439(1)
7.4 Lateral Buckling of Arches
440(10)
7.4.1 Theoretical Background
440(3)
7.4.2 Experimental Studies
443(7)
References
450(3)
8 Plate Buckling
453
8.1 Buckling and Postbuckling of Plates
453(17)
8.1.1 Historical Background
453(2)
8.1.2 Effective Width
455(4)
8.1.3 Postbuckling Behavior and "Secondary Buckling"
459(5)
8.1.4 Influence of Geometric Imperfections
464(1)
8.1.5 Influence of Residual Stresses
465(5)
8.2 Experiments on Axially Compressed Plates
470(46)
8.2.1 The US Bureau of Standards Test Setup
470(3)
8.2.2 Needle and Roller Bearings and Knife Edges for Simple Supports
473(6)
8.2.3 The ETH Zurich and US Navy DTMB Plate Buckling Tests
479(5)
8.2.4 The Cambridge University "Finger" Supports
484(7)
8.2.5 Other Examples of Simple and Clamped Supports
491(7)
8.2.6 Loading Systems
498(5)
8.2.7 Large Test Rigs
503(2)
8.2.8 Special Loading Systems for Annular Plates
505(3)
8.2.9 Deflection Measurement
508(4)
8.2.10 Controlled (Deliberate) Initial Deflections
512(4)
8.3 Determination of Critical Load and Southwell's Method in Plates
516(22)
8.3.1 Definition of the Buckling Load in Plates
516(4)
8.3.2 Southwell's Method in Plates
520(8)
8.3.3 Pivotal Plots for Plates
528(3)
8.3.4 More Recent Applications of Southwell Plots and Recommendations
531(2)
8.3.5 Summary of Direct Methods for Determination of Buckling Loads in Plates
533(5)
8.4 Experiments on Shear Panels
538(23)
8.4.1 Buckling and Postbuckling of Shear Panels
538(4)
8.4.2 Experiments on Plates Subjected to Shear -- Picture Frames
542(4)
8.4.3 Strength Tests on Plate Girders Under Shear
546(6)
8.4.4 Technion Repeated Buckling Tests on Shear Panels
552(6)
8.4.5 Aerospace Industrial Test Setups
558(3)
8.5 Web Crippling
561(9)
8.5.1 Web Crippling Due to Concentrated or Patch Loads
561(3)
8.5.2 Web Crippling Tests
564(6)
8.6 Biaxial Loading
570(7)
8.6.1 Plates Under Multiple Loading
570(1)
8.6.2 Biaxial In-Plane Compression Tests
570(7)
8.7 Guidelines to Modern Plate Buckling Experiments
577(14)
8.7.1 Guidelines or Ideas for Future Tests
577(5)
8.7.2 Noteworthy Details in Some Modern Plate Tests
582(6)
8.7.3 Imperial College London High Stiffness Test Machine
588(3)
References
591
Author Index to Vol. 1
Subject Index to Vol. 1


Josef Singer Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel

Johann Arbocz Technical University, Delft, The Netherlands

Tanchum Weller Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel