Everyone has experienced loneliness perhaps briefly perhaps for many years. This handbook explores why people of all ages can become lonely, and features steps that can be taken by individuals, communities, and entire societies to prevent and alleviate loneliness. Chapters present rigorous scientific research drawn from psychology, relationship science, neuroscience, physiology, sociology, public health, and gerontology to demystify the phenomenon of loneliness and its consequences. The volume investigates the significant risks that loneliness poses to health and the harmful physiological processes it can set in motion. It also details numerous approaches to help people overcome loneliness from multiple perspectives, including traditional and cognitive psychotherapy, online interventions, efforts to connect individuals to their communities, and designing communities as well as public health programs and policies to create a greater sense of social connection. Using accessible terminology understandable to a non-medical audience, it is an important work for social science scholars, students, policymakers, and practitioners.
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'Written by a global roster of experts, this timely collection is bursting with deep insights and practical guidance about today's epidemic of loneliness. It's a must-have resource for scholars, policymakers, and applied practitioners who want to know what loneliness is, where it comes from, what its effects are, and what to do about it.' Harry T. Reis, Dean's Professor in Arts and Sciences and Professor of Psychology, University of Rochester, UK 'Loneliness is a perennial problem in modern societies, as economic, technological, and societal forces weaken traditional social ties, leaving individuals untethered and insecure. This book, edited by long-time experts on loneliness research, brings together diverse perspectives on the nature, causes, and consequences of loneliness. It is a must-read for anyone concerned with this hugely important topic.' Phillip R. Shaver, Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of California, Davis, USA and co-author of Attachment Theory Applied
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Seeking to demystify loneliness, this book compiles rigorous research on its measurement, causes, consequences, prevention, and treatment.
List of figures; List of tables; List of contributors; Forward by
Letitia Anne Peplau; Acknowledgements; Dedication;
1. An introduction:
Loneliness theories, research, and interventions in today's changing world;
Part I. Foundations for Studying Loneliness:
2. Measuring loneliness among
adults: An evaluation of current models;
3. An evolutionary perspective on
loneliness;
4. Non evolutionary theories and models for explaining
loneliness;
5. A Sociological perspective on loneliness;
6. A public health
perspective on loneliness Prevent, protect and promote; Part II. Loneliness
Across the Lifecourse:
7. Loneliness in childhood;
8. Loneliness in
adolescence;
9. Loneliness in mid-life and older adults;
10. Life transitions
and loneliness; Part III. Individual Differences in Loneliness:
11. What
difference? a critical evaluation of theories and empirical evidence on
gender differences in loneliness;
12. To be or not to be (a core trait):
Personality factors and loneliness;
13. Disabilities and loneliness: Risk and
protective factors;
14. Loneliness among sexual and gender minorities; Part
IV. Interpersonal Aspects of Loneliness:
15. Social isolation and loneliness;
16. A nuanced view on loneliness by marital status: The importance of past
experience and diversity;
17. Communication, interaction patterns, and
loneliness;
18. Social support and loneliness;
19. Networks and loneliness;
Part V. Contextual Influences:
20. Urban planning and loneliness: The impact
of objective and perceived built environment factors;
21. Stigma and
loneliness: Moving from individual deficits to community responsibility;
22.
Work loneliness: A review of literature and intervention strategies;
23.
Loneliness and immigration;
24. Social media use and loneliness;
25.
Connected by loneliness: Loneliness across different cultures; Part VI.
Physical Health, Mental Health and Loneliness:
25. Loneliness and human gene
expression;
27. The neuroscience of loneliness;
28. Physical health,
mortality and loneliness;
29. COVID-19 and loneliness: The context of social
restrictions;
30. Loneliness and dementia risk in older adulthood;
31.
Loneliness and mental health; Part VII. Combatting Loneliness:
32.
Interventions with adolescents;
33. Interventions to reduce loneliness in
people with mental health problems;
34. Remotely delivered,
technology-supported interventions;
35. The role of psychological treatments
in addressing loneliness;
36. Social prescribing: An overview;
37. The
economics of loneliness;
38. A national strategy for loneliness: The end of
the road or the start of the journey?
Daniel Perlman is Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia and University of North Carolina at Greensboro. He has been president of four academic associations including the International Society for the Study of Personal Relationships and the International Association for Relationship Research and has been editor or co-editor of five journals including Personal Relationships, and the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Carolyn Cutrona is Distinguished Professor Emerita of Psychology at Iowa State University. She has published over 120 articles, mostly in the area of social support. Carolyn is the author of Social Support in Couples, Marriage as a Resource in Times of Stress and co-developed the Social Provisions Scale and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Daniel W. Russell is Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at Iowa State University. He is well known for his contributions toward developing the UCLA Loneliness Scale and has published over 160 peer-reviewed papers, being cited over 66,000 times. Daniel's research interests are in the areas of social support, stress, and loneliness. Over his career, he has received over $15 million in research funding.
