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Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Amplifiers 1st ed. 2017 [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 125 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 3317 g, 15 Illustrations, color; 92 Illustrations, black and white; VIII, 125 p. 107 illus., 15 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Sari: Analog Circuits and Signal Processing
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Dec-2016
  • Kirjastus: Springer International Publishing AG
  • ISBN-10: 3319473905
  • ISBN-13: 9783319473901
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  • Formaat: Hardback, 125 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 3317 g, 15 Illustrations, color; 92 Illustrations, black and white; VIII, 125 p. 107 illus., 15 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Sari: Analog Circuits and Signal Processing
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Dec-2016
  • Kirjastus: Springer International Publishing AG
  • ISBN-10: 3319473905
  • ISBN-13: 9783319473901
This book describes the concept and design of the capacitively-coupled chopper technique, which can be used in precision analog amplifiers. Readers will learn to design power-efficient amplifiers employing this technique, which can be powered by regular low supply voltage such as 2V and possibly having a +/-100V input common-mode voltage input. The authors provide both basic design concepts and detailed design examples, which cover the area of both operational and instrumentation amplifiers for multiple applications, particularly in power management and biomedical circuit designs.

Introduction.- The Chopping Technique.- Capacitively-coupled Chopper Amplifiers.- Choppers for High Input Common-mode Voltages.- Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Operational Amplifiers.- Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifiers for High-Side Current Sensing.- Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifiers for Low-Voltage Applications.- Conclusions.
1 Introduction
1(10)
1.1 Problem
1(1)
1.2 Traditional Solutions
1(3)
1.3 A Promising Solution: Capacitively Coupled Chopper Amplifier
4(2)
1.4 Challenging Issues
6(1)
1.5 Organization
7(4)
References
8(3)
2 The Chopping Technique
11(18)
2.1 Basic Working Principle
11(1)
2.2 Basic Chopper Amplifier Topologies
12(4)
2.2.1 Basic Chopper Opamp and Instrumentation Amplifier Topologies
12(2)
2.2.2 Chopper Stabilization
14(2)
2.3 Ripple-Reduction Techniques
16(9)
2.3.1 The Switched-capacitor (SC) Notch Filter
16(1)
2.3.2 AC-Coupled Ripple-Reduction Loop
17(2)
2.3.3 Auto-Correction Feedback Loop
19(1)
2.3.4 Digitally Assisted Trimming
20(1)
2.3.5 Chopping + Auto-Zeroing
20(5)
2.4 Chopping Non-idealities
25(1)
2.5 Chopping Pros and Cons
26(1)
2.6 Conclusions
26(3)
References
27(2)
3 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Amplifiers
29(8)
3.1 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Opamps (CCOPA)
29(4)
3.1.1 Offset and 1//Noise
30(1)
3.1.2 Noise and Power Efficiency
30(1)
3.1.3 Common-mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) and Common-mode Voltage Range (CMVR)
31(1)
3.1.4 Input Impedance
31(1)
3.1.5 Settling and Transient Issues
32(1)
3.2 Capacitively Coupled Chopper IAs (CCIA)
33(2)
3.2.1 Offset and 1//Noise
33(1)
3.2.2 Noise and Power Efficiency
33(1)
3.2.3 CMRR and CMVR
34(1)
3.2.4 Gain Accuracy
34(1)
3.2.5 Input Impedance
35(1)
3.2.6 Output Spikes
35(1)
3.2.7 Settling and Transient Issues
35(1)
3.3 Conclusions
35(2)
References
36(1)
4 Choppers for High Input Common-Mode Voltages
37(10)
4.1 Choice of Transistors
37(2)
4.2 High-voltage (HV) Chopper Topologies
39(4)
4.2.1 HV Chopper with HV Amplifier Level-Shifter
39(1)
4.2.2 Capacitively Coupled HV Choppers
40(3)
4.3 Transient Protection
43(2)
4.4 Conclusions
45(2)
References
45(2)
5 Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Operational Amplifiers
47(24)
5.1 Introduction
47(1)
5.2 Conventional Techniques to Expand the CMVR
48(1)
5.3 The Single-Path Capacitively-coupled Operational Amplifier (CCOPA)
49(12)
5.3.1 Design of the Single-Path CCOPA
49(4)
5.3.2 Implementation of the Basic CCOPA
53(6)
5.3.3 Experimental Results
59(2)
5.4 Multipath CCOPA
61(7)
5.4.1 Design of the Multipath CCOPA (MCCOPA)
61(3)
5.4.2 Implementation of the Multipath CCOPA
64(2)
5.4.3 Experimental Results of the MCCOPA
66(2)
5.5 Conclusions
68(3)
References
69(2)
6 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifiers for High-Side Current Sensing
71(22)
6.1 Introduction
71(1)
6.2 Overview of the State of the Art
72(3)
6.2.1 HV Chopper-Stabilized Current Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier
72(1)
6.2.2 HV Current-Mode Three-Opamp Instrumentation Amplifier
72(2)
6.2.3 HV IA with Isolated Transformer
74(1)
6.2.4 Conclusions
74(1)
6.3 Design of the CCIA for Current-Sensing Applications
75(4)
6.3.1 Input Chopper
76(1)
6.3.2 Ripple-Reduction Loop (RRL)
76(2)
6.3.3 CCIA Opamp
78(1)
6.3.4 Output Spikes
78(1)
6.4 Realization
79(9)
6.4.1 Global Parameters (Chopping Frequency and Capacitor Bridge)
79(1)
6.4.2 Implementation of the Input Chopper
80(1)
6.4.3 Implementation of the CM Biasing Circuit
80(3)
6.4.4 Implementation of the CCIA Opamp
83(3)
6.4.5 Implementation of the Output S&H Switch
86(1)
6.4.6 Implementation of the RRL
86(2)
6.5 Experimental Results
88(3)
6.6 Conclusions
91(2)
References
92(1)
7 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifiers for Low-Voltage Applications
93(30)
7.1 Introduction
93(2)
7.2 Overview of the State of the Art
95(5)
7.2.1 State-of-the-Art Precision IAs for DC Sensing
95(2)
7.2.2 State-of-the-Art IAs for AC Biomedical Sensing
97(3)
7.2.3 Conclusions
100(1)
7.3 Design of a CCIA for Wireless Sensor Nodes
100(8)
7.3.1 Input Impedance Boosting Loop
101(1)
7.3.2 SC Ripple Reduction Loop (SC RRL)
102(1)
7.3.3 DC Servo Loop (DSL)
103(5)
7.4 Realization
108(8)
7.4.1 Global Parameters (Chopping Frequency, Capacitive Bridge, and Transistor Type)
108(2)
7.4.2 Opamp of the CCIA
110(1)
7.4.3 Biasing Resistor Rb
111(1)
7.4.4 Impedance Boosting Loop or Positive Feedback Loop (PFL)
111(2)
7.4.5 SC RRL
113(2)
7.4.6 DC Servo Loop (DSL)
115(1)
7.5 Experimental Results
116(3)
7.6 Conclusion
119(4)
References
120(3)
8 Conclusions
123
8.1 Conclusions
123(1)
8.2 Original Contributions
124
References
125
Qinwen Fan is a Senior Analog Designer at Mellanox Technologies.

Kofi Makinwa holds degrees from Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife (B.Sc., M.Sc.), Philips International Institute, Eindhoven (M.E.E.), and Delft University of Technology, Delft (Ph.D.). From 1989 to 1999, he was a research scientist at Philips Research Laboratories, where he designed sensor systems for interactive displays, and analog front-ends for optical and magnetic recording systems. In 1999 he joined Delft University of Technology, where he is currently an Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Professor of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Engineering and Chair of the Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory.

Dr. Makinwa holds 18 patents, and has authored or co-authored 4books and over 170 technical papers. He is on the program committee of the European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC) and the workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design (AACD). He has also served on the program committees of the International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC), the International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems (Transducers) and the IEEE Sensors Conference. He was a distinguished lecturer of the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society (2008 to 2011) and a guest editor of the Journal of Solid-State Circuits (JSSC). He has given invited talks and tutorials at several international conferences including ISSCC, ESSCIRC, ASSCC and the VLSI symposium. At the 60th anniversary of ISSCC, he was recognized as one of its top ten contributing authors.

For his Ph.D. research, Dr. Makinwa was awarded the title of 'Simon Stevin Gezel' by the Dutch Technology Foundation (STW). In 2005, he received a VENI grant from the Dutch Scientific Foundation (NWO). He is a co-recipient of several best paper awards: from the JSSC (2), ISSCC (4), ESSCIRC (2) and Transducers (1). He is an IEEE Fellow, an alumnus of the Young Academy of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and an elected member of the AdCom of the IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society.

Johan H. Huijsing was born on May 21, 1938. He received the M.Sc. degree in EE from the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands in 1969, and the Ph.D. degree from this University in 1981. He has been an assistant and associate professor in Electronic Instrumentation at the Faculty of EE of the Delft University of Technology since 1969. He became a full professor in the chair of Electronic Instrumentation since 1990, and professor-emeritus since 2003. From 1982 through 1983 he was a senior scientist at Philips Research Labs. in Sunnyvale, California, USA. From 1983 until 2005 he was a consultant for Philips Semiconductors, Sunnyvale, California, USA, and since 1998 also a consultant for Maxim, Sunnyvale, California, USA. The research work of Johan Huijsing is focused on operational amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters and integrated smart sensors. He has supervised 30 PhD students. He is author or co-author of more than 300 scientific papers, 40 US patents and 15 books. In 1992 he initiated the international Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. He co-organized it yearly until 2003. He has been a member of the programme committee of the European Solid-State Circuits Conference from 1992 untill 2002. He was chairman of the Dutch STW Platform on Sensor Technology and of the biannual national Workshop on Sensor Technology from 1991 until 2002. He is Fellow of IEEE, and was awarded the title of Simon Stevin Meester by the Dutch Technology Foundation.