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1 | (10) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Traditional Solutions |
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1 | (3) |
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1.3 A Promising Solution: Capacitively Coupled Chopper Amplifier |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (4) |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (18) |
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2.1 Basic Working Principle |
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11 | (1) |
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2.2 Basic Chopper Amplifier Topologies |
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12 | (4) |
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2.2.1 Basic Chopper Opamp and Instrumentation Amplifier Topologies |
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12 | (2) |
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2.2.2 Chopper Stabilization |
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14 | (2) |
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2.3 Ripple-Reduction Techniques |
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16 | (9) |
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2.3.1 The Switched-capacitor (SC) Notch Filter |
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16 | (1) |
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2.3.2 AC-Coupled Ripple-Reduction Loop |
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17 | (2) |
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2.3.3 Auto-Correction Feedback Loop |
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19 | (1) |
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2.3.4 Digitally Assisted Trimming |
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20 | (1) |
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2.3.5 Chopping + Auto-Zeroing |
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20 | (5) |
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2.4 Chopping Non-idealities |
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25 | (1) |
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2.5 Chopping Pros and Cons |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (3) |
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27 | (2) |
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3 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Amplifiers |
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29 | (8) |
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3.1 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Opamps (CCOPA) |
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29 | (4) |
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3.1.1 Offset and 1//Noise |
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30 | (1) |
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3.1.2 Noise and Power Efficiency |
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30 | (1) |
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3.1.3 Common-mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) and Common-mode Voltage Range (CMVR) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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3.1.5 Settling and Transient Issues |
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32 | (1) |
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3.2 Capacitively Coupled Chopper IAs (CCIA) |
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33 | (2) |
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3.2.1 Offset and 1//Noise |
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33 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Noise and Power Efficiency |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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3.2.7 Settling and Transient Issues |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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4 Choppers for High Input Common-Mode Voltages |
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37 | (10) |
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4.1 Choice of Transistors |
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37 | (2) |
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4.2 High-voltage (HV) Chopper Topologies |
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39 | (4) |
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4.2.1 HV Chopper with HV Amplifier Level-Shifter |
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39 | (1) |
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4.2.2 Capacitively Coupled HV Choppers |
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40 | (3) |
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43 | (2) |
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45 | (2) |
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45 | (2) |
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5 Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Operational Amplifiers |
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47 | (24) |
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47 | (1) |
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5.2 Conventional Techniques to Expand the CMVR |
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48 | (1) |
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5.3 The Single-Path Capacitively-coupled Operational Amplifier (CCOPA) |
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49 | (12) |
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5.3.1 Design of the Single-Path CCOPA |
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49 | (4) |
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5.3.2 Implementation of the Basic CCOPA |
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53 | (6) |
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5.3.3 Experimental Results |
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59 | (2) |
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61 | (7) |
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5.4.1 Design of the Multipath CCOPA (MCCOPA) |
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61 | (3) |
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5.4.2 Implementation of the Multipath CCOPA |
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64 | (2) |
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5.4.3 Experimental Results of the MCCOPA |
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66 | (2) |
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68 | (3) |
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69 | (2) |
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6 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifiers for High-Side Current Sensing |
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71 | (22) |
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71 | (1) |
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6.2 Overview of the State of the Art |
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72 | (3) |
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6.2.1 HV Chopper-Stabilized Current Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier |
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72 | (1) |
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6.2.2 HV Current-Mode Three-Opamp Instrumentation Amplifier |
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72 | (2) |
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6.2.3 HV IA with Isolated Transformer |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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6.3 Design of the CCIA for Current-Sensing Applications |
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75 | (4) |
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76 | (1) |
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6.3.2 Ripple-Reduction Loop (RRL) |
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76 | (2) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (9) |
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6.4.1 Global Parameters (Chopping Frequency and Capacitor Bridge) |
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79 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Implementation of the Input Chopper |
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80 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Implementation of the CM Biasing Circuit |
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80 | (3) |
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6.4.4 Implementation of the CCIA Opamp |
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83 | (3) |
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6.4.5 Implementation of the Output S&H Switch |
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86 | (1) |
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6.4.6 Implementation of the RRL |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (3) |
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91 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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7 Capacitively Coupled Chopper Instrumentation Amplifiers for Low-Voltage Applications |
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93 | (30) |
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93 | (2) |
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7.2 Overview of the State of the Art |
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95 | (5) |
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7.2.1 State-of-the-Art Precision IAs for DC Sensing |
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95 | (2) |
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7.2.2 State-of-the-Art IAs for AC Biomedical Sensing |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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7.3 Design of a CCIA for Wireless Sensor Nodes |
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100 | (8) |
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7.3.1 Input Impedance Boosting Loop |
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101 | (1) |
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7.3.2 SC Ripple Reduction Loop (SC RRL) |
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102 | (1) |
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7.3.3 DC Servo Loop (DSL) |
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103 | (5) |
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108 | (8) |
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7.4.1 Global Parameters (Chopping Frequency, Capacitive Bridge, and Transistor Type) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (1) |
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7.4.3 Biasing Resistor Rb |
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111 | (1) |
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7.4.4 Impedance Boosting Loop or Positive Feedback Loop (PFL) |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (2) |
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7.4.6 DC Servo Loop (DSL) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (3) |
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119 | (4) |
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120 | (3) |
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123 | |
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123 | (1) |
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8.2 Original Contributions |
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124 | |
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125 | |