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Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes: The Story of Pioneering Geologist and Fossil-Hunter William Buckland [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 288 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Mar-2022
  • Kirjastus: SPCK Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 028107951X
  • ISBN-13: 9780281079513
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 288 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Mar-2022
  • Kirjastus: SPCK Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 028107951X
  • ISBN-13: 9780281079513
Teised raamatud teemal:
William Buckland, Victorian fossil-hunter extaordinaire, is widely regarded as the founder of the science of geology. This and his many other achievements are presented here in vivid and entertaining detail.

‘An irresistible biography of one of Oxford’s most colourful characters.’ John Hedley Brooke

In 1824, William Buckland stood in front of the Royal Geological Society and told them about the bones he had been studying – the bones of an enormous, lizard-like creature, that he called Megalosaurus.

This was the first full account of a dinosaur.

During his life, Buckland would also demonstrate changes in the earth’s climate, champion health reform, wage war on slum landlords, and become infamous for eating everything he could, even a mummified human heart. Yet his name has been largely, and unjustly, forgotten.

In this brilliantly entertaining, colourful biography – the first to be written for over a century – Allan Chapman brings William Buckland back into the light and explores his fascinating life in full. From his pioneering of geology and agricultural science to becoming Dean of Westminster, Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes reveals a giant of intellect whose achievements helped revolutionise the British scientific community.

Carefully balancing Buckland’s more eccentric escapades with his scientific prowess and the clash between science and religion in the 19th Century, Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes is vivid, informative and thoroughly compelling.

A captivating story packed full of compelling insights into the world of Victorian science and its relationship with the Christian faith, Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes is an unmissable biography of an exceptional scientist whose legacy extends down to this day.

By distinguished historian of science and popular lecturer There is no modern biography of William Buckland, despite his influence, popularity and esteem in his lifetime.

Arvustused

Allan Chapman has written an irresistible biography of one of Oxfords most colourful characters, the pioneer and populariser of paleontology William Buckland. A gifted and amusing speaker, Buckland captivated large audiences with lost worlds of prehistoric creatures, reconstructed from fossil fragments. An Anglican priest, Canon of Oxfords cathedral and eventually, in 1845, Dean of Westminster, Buckland resolutely applied his scientific knowledge in the service of Christian philanthropy. Dr Chapman shares with his subject a proven ability to mix instruction with entertainment, but never to the detriment of two serious aims: to rescue Buckland from caricatures that have allowed his early writings on the scope of Noahs flood to obscure his many durable contributions to geology and, secondly, to show that, as one standing in a long line of clerical scientists, he saw the earth sciences as magnifying, not threatening, the grandeur of Gods creation. * John Hedley Brooke, Andreas Idreos Professor of Science and Religion, University of Oxford (19992006) * With sustained brio Allan Chapman restores the charismatic William Buckland to his rightful place in the scientific pantheon of the nineteenth century as a key figure in the peculiar genius of English life. As importantly, Chapman expertly navigates the historical currents that swept Buckland and his contemporaries to astonishing new insights into deep time, but never at the expense of their deep Christian conviction. * Simon Conway Morris FRS, Emeritus Professor of Paleantology, University of Cambridge * William Buckland was a remarkable and fascinating character who played a major part in the development of Geology as a new and important science. Allan Chapman explores the tensions that existed within Victorian Society between the development of scientific ideas and religious beliefs about the creation of the world and the evolution of life, and provides vivid descriptions of the key characters involved in these debates. He also shows the significant role that Buckland played in the cleaning up of Victorian cities and improving the health of those living in them. In all, a very engaging, informative and enjoyable read! * Martin Grossel, Emeritus Fellow in Organic Chemistry, University of Southampton *

Muu info

Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes is a vivid and entertaining biography that tells the story of William Buckland, Victorian fossil-hunter extraordinaire and the founder of the science of geology.
List of illustrations
xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgements xxi
1 The British parson-scientist: William Buckland in context
1(20)
Father and son geologists
1(3)
British Natural Theology
4(3)
Providence, progress and joy
7(3)
The clerical scientist and society
10(1)
Ordained astronomers
10(3)
The clerical chemists
13(1)
Purges from the parson: the medical clergyman
14(2)
The ordained `mad doctor' or psychiatrist
16(3)
William Buckland: from Winchester schoolboy to Oxford undergraduate
19(2)
2 A geologist at Oxford
21(13)
William Buckland the Oxford undergraduate
22(1)
Science in Buckland's Oxford
23(1)
Undergraduate life, work and leisure
24(1)
Passing the examination
25(2)
The Fellow of Corpus Christi
27(2)
Chemistry and mineralogy in Buckland's Oxford
29(1)
Buckland the geological inspiration
30(4)
3 Rocks and ages
34(15)
Dating the creation to 23 October 4004 BC
34(1)
A thousand years in thy sight are but as yesterday' (Psalm 90.4)
35(2)
Geology, not literary chronology
37(1)
Dr Robert Hooke: earthquakes, fossils and continents
38(2)
Dr Edmond Halley and cometary `shocks' shaping the earth
40(1)
Great balls of fire: Comte de Buffon and the cooling earth
41(1)
From Freiburg to Edinburgh and the `new' mineralogy of James Hutton and Abraham Werner
42(1)
Dr James Hutton
43(2)
Professor Abraham Gottlob Werner
45(1)
The Oxford School of geology
46(3)
4 Geology vindicated and Noah's Flood comes to Yorkshire
49(15)
Vindiciae Geologicae: geology defended and vindicated, 1819
50(4)
Hyenas in Yorkshire and the `Relics of the Deluge'
54(4)
`Billy' the celebrity hyena
58(1)
Other caverns
59(1)
The Red Lady of Paviland
60(1)
The beginning of human prehistory: the Torbay caves
61(1)
Buckland, the hyena skull and the alarmed undergraduate: a glimpse of Buckland's lecturing style
62(2)
5 Geologists in the landscape
64(17)
Dr William Smith
65(2)
Eminent gentlemen of science from `humble' origins
67(2)
George Bellas Greenough
69(1)
Baron Georges Cuvier
70(1)
Cuvier's law of correlation
71(2)
Cuvier's catastrophes
73(2)
Controversy about the rocks
75(1)
The great Devonian Controversy
76(2)
Professor John Phillips FRS
78(3)
6 The geological Canon of Christ Church and Miss Mary Morland
81(15)
Miss Mary Morland, fossil anatomist and artist
81(4)
The long geological honeymoon
85(3)
The tragedy of the death of children
88(3)
A commitment to serving the poor
91(2)
Rats, squirrels, toasted mice and tiger steaks for all
93(1)
The Buckland children
94(2)
7 `Gentlemen, Free and Unconfin'd': paying for geological and other scientific research in Buckland's Britain
96(15)
The British learned society
97(3)
The Geological Society, 1807, and an enterprising apothecary's apprentice
100(1)
Politics, finance and science
101(3)
The British Association for the Advancement of Science
104(2)
The ladies at the British Association
106(3)
The Geological Survey
109(2)
8 Buckland's Bridgewater Treatise and Natural Theology
111(13)
The structure, content and argument of Geology and Mineralogy
112(4)
Geology and Mineralogy: a treasure house of fossil wonders
116(1)
Artesian wells and their geology
117(1)
Flying dragons, adaptive eyes and footprints in the sand
118(2)
Buckland's Natural Theology
120(4)
9 A passion for minerals and mountains: geology and the Romantic Movement
124(20)
Minerals, gases and steam engines in the Romantic landscape
124(3)
A Romantic summer excursion through late Georgian Britain
127(4)
Geology: a polite and popular pursuit
131(1)
The Revd Professor Adam Sedgwick: an accidental geologist?
132(3)
Hugh Miller: stonemason, evangelist, author and geologist
135(2)
Mary Anning: first lady of the fossils
137(3)
`Ice Ages' transform Buckland's geological thinking
140(2)
Romantic glory for all
142(2)
10 A gift for friendship: Buckland's character, friends and influences
144(17)
The Very Revd William Daniel Conybeare: geologist and Dean of Llandaff
144(3)
Friends in high places, riots and rural unrest
147(3)
The eruption of the volcano Mt Tambora in 1815
150(1)
Coprolites: a key to ancient diets and physiology
151(1)
Coprolites, chemistry and new fertilizers
152(2)
Peat bogs and land drainage
154(2)
William Buckland, Sir Robert Peel and the scientific house party
156(1)
Cartoons, comic poems, laughter and good fellowship
157(1)
`Buffoonery by an Oxford Don'
158(1)
`Mourn, Ammonites, mourn'
159(2)
11 The scriptural geologists
161(15)
Twentieth-century fundamentalism and nineteenth-century scriptural geology
161(1)
Scriptural geology and `orthodox' geology
162(3)
The `Oxford Movement': Oxford becomes an ecclesiastical battleground
165(2)
What was a `professional geologist' in 1830?
167(1)
Who were the scriptural geologists and what was their concern?
168(7)
The scripturalist sunset
175(1)
12 Stability, progress or evolution?
176(17)
Sir Charles Lyell: the transformative power of small changes over time
177(4)
Volcanoes, vulcanism and their causes
181(2)
Evolutionary thinking before Charles Darwin
183(1)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
184(3)
Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation: a Victorian literary time bomb
187(1)
Vestiges and its message
188(1)
Fury breaks loose against Vestiges
189(4)
13 The Dean of Westminster
193(18)
The Westminster Deanery
195(2)
Tiglath-Pileser the bear goes to church
197(1)
Renovating the fabric and reforming the School
198(4)
`Wash and Be Clean': the sermon that let all hell loose
202(6)
William Buckland, Rector of Islip
208(3)
14 Decline, death and historical legacy
211(17)
William Buckland's geological achievement
213(2)
The antiquity of the human race
215(4)
Prehistoric finds galore
219(2)
Early studies in the geology of the moon
221(2)
From geology to geophysics
223(2)
William Buckland: the final years
225(3)
Postscript 228(1)
Appendix: `Elegy intended for Professor Buckland' (1 December 1820) 229(2)
Richard Whately
Notes 231(8)
Bibliography 239(8)
Index 247
Dr Allan Chapman is a historian of science at Oxford University, with special interests in the history of astronomy and of medicine and the relationship between science and Christianity. As well as University teaching, he lectures widely, has written a dozen books and numerous academic articles, and written and presented two TV series, Gods in the Sky and Great Scientists, besides taking part in many other history of science TVdocumentaries and in The Sky at Night with Sir Patrick Moore. He has received honorary doctorates and awards from the Universities of Central Lancashire, Salford, and Lancaster, and in 2015 was presented with the Jackson-Gwilt Medal by the Royal Astronomical Society. Among his books are Slaying the Dragons. Destroying Myths in the History of Science and Faith (Lion Hudson, 2013), Stargazers: Copernicus, Galileo, the Telescope,and the Church. The Astronomical Renaissance, 1500-1700 (Lion, 2014), and Physicians, Plagues, and Progress. The History of Western Medicine from Antiquity to Antibiotics (Lion, 2016). He is also the author of thescientific biographies England's Leonardo. Robert Hooke and the Seventeenth-Century Scientific Revolution (Institute of Physics, 2005), Mary Somerville and the World of Science (Canopus, 2004; Springer, 2015), and The Victorian Amateur Astronomer. Independent Astronomical Research in Britain, 1820-1920 (Wiley-Praxis, 1998; revised edn. Gracewing, 2017).