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CCNP Routing and Switching Foundation Learning Guide Library: (ROUTE 300-101, SWITCH 300-115, TSHOOT 300-135) [Multiple-component retail product, shrink-wrapped]

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Amir Ranjbar, Richard Froom, Rick Graziani, Bob Vachon, Diane Teare, Erum Frahim

Formaat: Multiple-component retail product, shrink-wrapped, 2088 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 249x206x117 mm, kaal: 3600 g, Contains 3 hardbacks and 1 Multiple-component retail product, shrink-wrapped and 3 paperbacks
Ilmumisaeg: 11-Jun-2015
Kirjastus: Cisco Press
ISBN-10: 1587144395
ISBN-13: 9781587144394

Teised raamatud teemal:

Computer certification: Cisco
Computer networking & communications - (Hetkel poes: 3 nimetust)

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Formaat: Multiple-component retail product, shrink-wrapped, 2088 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 249x206x117 mm, kaal: 3600 g, Contains 3 hardbacks and 1 Multiple-component retail product, shrink-wrapped and 3 paperbacks
Ilmumisaeg: 11-Jun-2015
Kirjastus: Cisco Press
ISBN-10: 1587144395
ISBN-13: 9781587144394

Teised raamatud teemal:

Computer certification: Cisco
Computer networking & communications - (Hetkel poes: 3 nimetust)

Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781587144394.html

Märksõnad:

CCNP Routing and Switching Foundation Learning Guide Libraryis a comprehensive foundation learning package for the three CCNP Routing and Switching exams: ROUTE, SWITCH, and TSHOOT. The three books contained in this package,Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE) Foundation Learning Guide, Implementing Cisco IP Switched Networks (SWITCH) Foundation Learning Guide, andTroubleshooting and Maintaining Cisco IP Networks (TSHOOT) Foundation Learning Guide build your knowledge of CCNP Routing and Switching topics. These authorized CCNP Foundation Learning Guides are written by experts, bringing years of teaching and consulting experience together in an ideal self-study format.

Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE) Foundation Learning Guide teaches you how to select and implement the appropriate Cisco IOS services required to build a scalable, routed network.Implementing Cisco IP Switched Networks (SWITCH) Foundation Learning Guide ensures that you have the skills to plan, configure, and verify the implementation of complex enterprise switching solutions.Troubleshooting and Maintaining Cisco IP Networks (TSHOOT) Foundation Learning Guide helps you master planning tasks, performance measurements, configuring and verifying, and correct troubleshooting procedures and documentation tasks.

Each of these official learning guides provides a list of topics covered to clearly identify the focus of each chapter, a summary of key concepts for quick study, and review questions that provide you with an opportunity to assess and reinforce your understanding of the material.

CCNP Routing and Switching Foundation Learning Guide Library is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visithttp://www.cisco.com/web/learning/index.html.

These foundation learning guides help you understand the topics on the three CCNP Routing and Switching exams:

ROUTE:

Internet Protocol (IP) routing protocol principles
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
IP Version 6 (IPv6)
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

SWITCH:

VLANs, trunks, VTP, and STP
Inter-VLAN Routing
Multilayer switching
High availability and redundancy
Switch security fundamentals

TSHOOT:

Defines structured troubleshooting and reviews its subprocesses
Shows how to integrate troubleshooting into day-to-day network maintenance processes
Covers information gathering on Layer 2 switching and Layer 3 routing with IOS show and debug commands, ping, and telnet
Introduces specialized tools for capturing traffic, gathering information (SNMP and NetFlow), and receiving network event notifications (EEM)

Introduction

xxv

Chapter 1 Basic Network and Routing Concepts

(58)

Differentiating Routing Protocols

(8)

Enterprise Network Infrastructure

(1)

Role of Dynamic Routing Protocols

(2)

Choosing a of Dynamic Routing Protocols

(1)

IGP versus EGP

(2)

Types of Routing Protocols

(1)

Convergence

(1)

Route Summarization

(1)

Route Protocol Scalability

(8)

Understanding Network Technologies

(1)

Traffic Types

(2)

IPv6 Address Types

(1)

ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery

(1)

Network Types

(1)

NBMA Networks

(2)

Routing Over the Internet

(1)

Connecting Remote Locations with Headquarters

(22)

Principles of Static Routing

(1)

Configuring an IPv4 Static Route

(2)

Configuring a Static Default Route

(1)

Basic PPP Overview

(1)

PPP Authentication Overview

(3)

PPPoE

(2)

Basic Frame Relay Overview

(3)

VPN Connectivity Overview

(1)

MPLS-based VPNs

(1)

Tunneling VPNs

(1)

Hybrid VPNs

(1)

Routing Across MPLS VPNs

(2)

Routing Over GRE Tunnel

(1)

Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network

(1)

Multipoint GRE

(1)

NHRP

(2)

IPsec

(1)

Routing and TCP/IP Operations

(3)

MSS, Fragmentation, and PMTUD

(1)

IPv4 Fragmentation and PMTUD

(1)

Bandwidth Delay Product

(1)

TCP Starvation

(1)

Latency

(1)

ICMP Redirect

(1)

Implementing RIPng

(12)

RIP Overview

(2)

RIPv2 Overview

(2)

Configuring RIPng

(1)

Basic RIPng Configuration

(3)

Propagating a Default Route

(3)

Investigating the RIPng Database

(2)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(3)

Chapter 2 EIGRP Implementation

(96)

Establishing EIGRP Neighbor Relationships

(16)

EIGRP Features

(2)

EIGRP Features

(1)

EIGRP Operation Overview

(1)

Configuring and Verifying Basic EIGRP for IPv4

(9)

Manipulating EIGRP Timers

(1)

EIGRP Neighbor Relationship over Frame Relay

(1)

Establishing EIGRP over Layer 3 MPLS VPN

(1)

Establishing EIGRP over Layer 2 MPLS VPN

(1)

Building the EIGRP Topology Table

(18)

Building and Examining the EIGRP Topology Table

(3)

Choosing the Best Path

(8)

Exchange of Routing Knowledge in EIGRP

(1)

EIGRP Metric

(1)

EIGRP Metric Calculation

(1)

EIGRP Wide Metrics

(1)

EIGRP Metric Calculation Example

(1)

EIGRP Metric Calculation Example

(1)

EIGRP Path Calculation Example

(2)

Optimizing EIGRP Behavior

(34)

EIGRP Queries

(1)

EIGRP Stub Routers

(1)

Configuring EIGRP Stub Routing

(3)

EIGRP Stub Options

100

(8)

Stuck in Active

108

(1)

Reducing Query Scope by Using Summary Routes

109

(1)

Configuring EIGRP Summarization

110

(6)

Determining the Summary Route

116

(4)

Obtaining Default Route

120

(3)

Load Balancing with EIGRP

123

(1)

Configuring EIGRP Load Balancing

123

(1)

EIGRP Load Balancing

124

(2)

EIGRP Load Balancing Across Unequal-Metric Paths

126

(2)

Configuring EIGRP for IPv6

128

(8)

Overview of EIGRP for IPv6

128

(1)

Configuring and Verifying EIGRP for IPv6

129

(1)

EIGRP for IPv6 Configuration

130

(4)

Determining the IPv6 Summary Route

134

(2)

Named EIGRP Configuration

136

(15)

Introduction to Named EIGRP Configuration

136

(1)

Configuring Named EIGRP

137

(2)

Address Families

139

(1)

EIGRP for IPv4 Address Family

139

(3)

EIGRP for IPv6 Address Family

142

(6)

Named EIGRP Configuration Modes

148

(2)

Classic Versus Named EIGRP Configuration

150

(1)

Summary

151

(1)

Review Questions

152

(3)

Chapter 3 OSPF Implementation

155

(112)

Establishing OSPF Neighbor Relationships

155

(32)

OSPF Features

156

(1)

OSPF Operation Overview

157

(1)

Hierarchical Structure of OSPF

158

(2)

Design Restrictions of OSPF

160

(1)

OSPF Message Types

160

(1)

Basic OSPF Configuration

161

(9)

Optimizing OSPF Adjacency Behavior

170

(4)

Using OSPF Priority in the DR/BDR Election

174

(1)

OSPF Behavior in NBMA Hub-and-Spoke Topology

175

(2)

The Importance of MTU

177

(2)

Manipulating OSPF Timers

179

(3)

OSPF Neighbor Relationship over Point-to-Point Links

182

(1)

OSPF Neighbor Relationship over Layer 3 MPLS VPN

182

(2)

OSPF Neighbor Relationship over Layer 2 MPLS VPN

184

(1)

OSPF Neighbor States

184

(2)

OSPF Network Types

186

(1)

Configuring Passive Interfaces

187

(1)

Building the Link-State Database

187

(28)

OSPF LSA Types

188

(1)

Examining the OSPF Link-State Database

189

(1)

OSPF Link-State Database

190

(6)

OSPF Type 2 Network LSA

196

(1)

OSPF Type 3 Summary LSA

197

(2)

OSPF Type 4 ASBR Summary LSA

199

(2)

OSPF Type 5 External LSA

201

(2)

Periodic OSPF Database Changes

203

(1)

Exchanging and Synchronizing LSDBs

204

(2)

Synchronizing the LSDB on Multiaccess Networks

206

(1)

Running the SPF Algorithm

207

(1)

Configuring OSPF Path Selection

208

(1)

OSPF Path Selection

208

(2)

OSPF Best Path Calculation

210

(1)

Default OSPF Costs

211

(3)

Calculating the Cost of Intra-Area Routes

214

(1)

Calculating the Cost of Interarea Routes

214

(1)

Selecting Between Intra-Area and Interarea Routes

215

(1)

Optimizing OSPF Behavior

215

(24)

OSPF Route Summarization

216

(1)

Benefits of Route Summarization

217

(1)

Configuring OSPF Route Summarization

218

(5)

Summarization on ABRs

223

(1)

Summarization on ASBRs

224

(1)

OSPF Virtual Links

225

(2)

Configuring OSPF Virtual Links

227

(2)

Configuring OSPF Stub Areas

229

(1)

OSPF Stub Areas

230

(4)

OSPF Totally Stubby Areas

234

(2)

Cost of the Default Route in a Stub Area

236

(1)

The default-information originate Command

237

(1)

Other Stubby Area Types

238

(1)

OSPFv3

239

(23)

Configuring OSPFv3

240

(1)

Implementing OSPFv3

241

(5)

OSPFv3 for IPv4 and IPv6

246

(14)

Configuring Advanced OSPFv3

260

(1)

OSPFv3 Caveats

261

(1)

Summary

262

(1)

Review Questions

263

(4)

Chapter 4 Manipulating Routing Updates

267

(60)

Using Multiple IP Routing Protocols on a Network

267

(3)

Why Run Multiple Routing Protocols?

269

(1)

Running Multiple Routing Protocols

269

(1)

Administrative Distance

269

(1)

Multiple Routing Protocols Solutions

270

(1)

Implementing Route Redistribution

270

(22)

Defining Route Redistribution

270

(1)

Planning to Redistribute Routes

271

(1)

Redistributing Routes

271

(1)

Seed Metrics

272

(1)

Default Seed Metrics

273

(2)

Configuring and Verifying Basic Redistribution in IPv4 and IPv6

275

(1)

Redistributing OSPFv2 Routes into the EIGRP Routing Domain

276

(3)

Redistributing OSPFv3 Routes into the EIGRP for IPv6 Routing Domain

279

(2)

Redistributing EIGRP Routes into the OSPFv2 Routing Domain

281

(4)

Redistributing EIGRP for IPv6 Routes into the OSPFv3 Routing Domain

285

(2)

Types of Redistribution Techniques

287

(1)

One-Point Redistribution

287

(1)

Multipoint Redistribution

288

(1)

Redistribution Problems

289

(2)

Preventing Routing Loops in a Redistribution Environment

291

(1)

Verifying Redistribution Operation

292

(1)

Controlling Routing Update Traffic

292

(28)

Why Filter Routes?

292

(1)

Route Filtering Methods

293

(1)

Using Distribute Lists

294

(1)

Configuring Distribute Lists

294

(1)

Distribute List and ACL Example

295

(2)

Using Prefix Lists

297

(1)

Prefix List Characteristics

297

(1)

Configuring Prefix Lists

298

(1)

Distribute List and Prefix List Example

299

(1)

Prefix List Examples

300

(1)

Verifying Prefix Lists

301

(1)

Manipulating Redistribution Using ACLs, Prefix Lists, and Distribute Lists

302

(3)

Using Route Maps

305

(1)

Understanding Route Maps

305

(1)

Route Map Applications

305

(1)

Configuring Route Maps

306

(2)

Route Map Match and Set Statements

308

(2)

Configuring Route Redistribution Using Route Maps

310

(1)

Using Route Maps with Redistribution

310

(1)

Manipulating Redistribution Using Route Maps

311

(1)

Mutual Redistribution without Route Filtering

312

(1)

Mutual Redistribution with Route Maps

313

(2)

Change Administrative Distance to Enable Optimal Routing

315

(3)

Manipulating Redistribution Using Route Tagging

318

(1)

Caveats of Redistribution

319

(1)

Summary

320

(3)

References

323

(1)

Review Questions

323

(4)

Chapter 5 Path Control Implementation

327

(46)

Using Cisco Express Forwarding Switching

327

(16)

Control and Data Plane

328

(1)

Cisco Switching Mechanisms

328

(4)

Process and Fast Switching

332

(1)

Cisco Express Forwarding

333

(2)

Analyzing Cisco Express Forwarding

335

(1)

Verify the Content of the CEF Tables

335

(6)

Enable and Disable CEF by Interface and Globally

341

(2)

Understanding Path Control

343

(26)

The Need for Path Control

343

(1)

Implementing Path Control Using Policy-Based Routing

344

(1)

PBR Features

344

(1)

Steps for Configuring PBR

345

(1)

Configuring PBR

346

(2)

Verifying PBR

348

(1)

Configuring PBR Example

348

(6)

Implementing Path Control Using Cisco IOS IP SLAs

354

(1)

PBR and IP SLA

354

(1)

IP SLA Features

354

(2)

Steps for Configuring IP SLAs

356

(4)

Verifying Path Control Using IOS IP SLAs

360

(1)

Configuring IP SLA Example

361

(3)

Configuring PBR and IP SLA Example

364

(5)

Summary

369

(1)

References

370

(1)

Review Questions

370

(3)

Chapter 6 Enterprise Internet Connectivity

373

(50)

Planning Enterprise Internet Connectivity

374

(7)

Connecting Enterprise Networks to an ISP

374

(1)

Enterprise Connectivity Requirements

374

(1)

ISP Redundancy

375

(1)

Public IP Address Assignment

376

(1)

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

376

(1)

Regional Internet Registries

377

(1)

Public IP Address Space

377

(1)

Autonomous System Numbers

378

(3)

Establishing Single-Homed IPv4 Internet Connectivity

381

(17)

Configuring a Provider-Assigned IPv4 Address

381

(1)

DHCP Operation

382

(1)

Obtaining a Provider-Assigned IPv4 Address with DHCP

383

(1)

Configuring a Router as a DHCP Server and DHCP Relay Agent

384

(1)

NAT

385

(3)

Configuring Static NAT

388

(1)

Configuring Dynamic NAT

389

(1)

Configuring PAT

390

(2)

Limitations of NAT

392

(1)

NAT Virtual Interface

393

(1)

Configuring NAT Virtual Interface

393

(3)

Verifying NAT Virtual Interface

396

(2)

Establishing Single-Homed IPv6 Internet Connectivity

398

(12)

Obtaining a Provider-Assigned IPv6 Address

398

(1)

Manual Assignment

399

(1)

Configuring Basic IPv6 Internet Connectivity

399

(2)

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration

401

(1)

DHCPv6 Operation

402

(1)

Stateless DCHPv6

403

(1)

Stateful DHCPv6

404

(1)

DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation

405

(1)

NAT for IPv6

405

(1)

NAT64

405

(1)

NPTv6

405

(1)

IPv6 ACLs

405

(1)

IPv6 ACL Characteristics

406

(1)

Configuring IPv6 ACLs

406

(3)

Securing IPv6 Internet Connectivity

409

(1)

Improving Internet Connectivity Resilience

410

(5)

Drawbacks of a Single-Homed Internet Connectivity

410

(1)

Dual-Homed Internet Connectivity

410

(1)

Dual-Homed Connectivity Options

411

(1)

Configuring Best Path for Dual-Homed Internet Connectivity

411

(2)

Multihomed Internet Connectivity

413

(2)

Summary

415

(2)

References

417

(1)

Review Questions

418

(5)

Chapter 7 BGP Implementation

423

(104)

BGP Terminology, Concepts, and Operation

424

(11)

BGP Use Between Autonomous Systems

424

(1)

Comparison with Other Scalable Routing Protocols

425

(1)

BGP Path Vector Characteristics

426

(2)

BGP Characteristics

428

(2)

BGP Tables

430

(1)

BGP Message Types

431

(1)

Open and Keepalive Messages

431

(2)

Update Messages

433

(1)

Notification Messages

433

(1)

When to Use BGP

433

(1)

When Not to Use BGP

434

(1)

Implementing Basic BGP

435

(32)

BGP Neighbor Relationships

435

(1)

External BGP Neighbors

436

(1)

Internal BGP Neighbors

437

(1)

iBGP on All Routers in a Transit Path

438

(4)

Basic BGP Configuration Requirements

442

(1)

Entering BGP Configuration Mode

442

(1)

Defining BGP Neighbors and Activating BGP Sessions

443

(1)

Basic BGP Configuration and Verification

444

(1)

Configuring and Verifying an eBGP Session

445

(4)

Configuring and Verifying an iBGP Session

449

(1)

Advertising Networks in BGP and Verifying That They Are Propagated

450

(7)

Using the Next-Hop-Self Feature

457

(1)

Understanding and Troubleshooting BGP Neighbor States

458

(2)

BGP Session Resilience

460

(1)

Sourcing BGP from Loopback Address

461

(2)

eBGP Multihop

463

(1)

Resetting BGP Sessions

464

(3)

BGP Attributes and the Path-Selection Process

467

(24)

BGP Path Selection

467

(1)

BGP Path-Selection Process

468

(1)

The Path-Selection Decision Process with a Multihomed Connection

469

(2)

BGP Attributes

471

(1)

Weil-Known Attributes

471

(1)

Optional Attributes

472

(1)

Defined BGP Attributes

472

(1)

The AS-Path Attribute

473

(1)

The Next-Hop Attribute

474

(1)

The Origin Attribute

475

(1)

The Local-Preference Attribute

475

(1)

The Community Attribute

475

(1)

The MED Attribute

476

(2)

The Weight Attribute (Cisco Only)

478

(1)

Changing the Weight for All Updates from a Neighbor

479

(1)

Changing the Weight Using Route Maps

479

(1)

Influencing BGP Path Selection

480

(5)

Changing the Weight

485

(1)

Changing Local Preference

486

(2)

Setting the AS-Path

488

(3)

Controlling BGP Routing Updates

491

(11)

Filtering BGP Routing Updates

492

(1)

BGP Filtering Using Prefix Lists

492

(2)

BGP Filtering Using AS-Path Access Lists

494

(2)

BGP Filtering Using Route Maps

496

(2)

Filtering Order

498

(1)

Clearing the BGP Session

498

(1)

BGP Peer Groups

498

(1)

Peer Group Operation

498

(2)

Peer Group Configuration

500

(1)

Peer Group Configuration Example

500

(2)

Implementing BGP for IPv6 Internet Connectivity

502

(18)

MP-BGP Support for IPv6

502

(2)

Exchanging IPv6 Routes over an IPv4 Session

504

(2)

Exchanging IPv6 Routes over an IPv6 Session

506

(1)

BGP for IPv6 Configuration and Verification

507

(1)

Initial State of Routers

508

(3)

Enable eBGP IPv6 Route Exchange

511

(5)

Enable iBGP IPv6 Route Exchange

516

(2)

Comparing IPv4 to Dual (IPv4/IPv6) BGP Transport

518

(1)

BGP Filtering Mechanisms for IPv6

518

(1)

IPv6 Prefix List Filtering

518

(1)

IPv6 Path Selection with BGP Local Preference

519

(1)

Summary

520

(2)

References

522

(1)

Review Questions

523

(4)

Chapter 8 Routers and Routing Protocol Hardening

527

(80)

Securing the Management Plane on Cisco Routers

528

(42)

Securing the Management Plane

529

(1)

Router Security Policy

530

(1)

Encrypted Passwords

531

(1)

Use Strong Passwords

532

(1)

Encrypting Passwords

532

(4)

Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

536

(1)

RADIUS and TACACS+ Overview

536

(2)

Enabling AAA and Local Authentication

538

(1)

Enabling AAA RADIUS Authentication with Local User for Backup

539

(2)

Enabling AAA TACACS+ Authentication with Local User for Backup

541

(1)

Configuring Authorization and Accounting

542

(1)

Limitations of TACACS+ and RADIUS

542

(1)

Use SSH Instead of Telnet

543

(4)

Securing Access to the Infrastructure Using Router ACLs

547

(2)

Implement Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding

549

(1)

uRPF in an Enterprise Network

550

(1)

uRPF Examples

550

(1)

Enabling uRPF

551

(1)

Implement Logging

551

(1)

Implementing Network Time Protocol

552

(1)

NTP Modes

552

(2)

Enabling NTP

554

(1)

Securing NTP

555

(1)

NTP Versions

556

(1)

NTP in IPv6 Environment

557

(1)

Simple NTP

557

(1)

Implementing SNMP

558

(3)

SNMPv3

561

(1)

Enabling SNMPv3

561

(1)

Verifying SNMPv3

562

(1)

Configuration Backups

563

(1)

The archive Command

563

(2)

Using SCP

565

(1)

Enabling SCP on a Router

565

(2)

Disabling Unused Services

567

(1)

Conditional Debugging

568

(1)

Enabling Conditional Debugging

569

(1)

Routing Protocol Authentication Options

570

(6)

The Purpose of Routing Protocol Authentication

570

(1)

Plain-Text Authentication

571

(1)

Hashing Authentication

572

(2)

Time-Based Key Chains

574

(1)

Key Chain Specifics

574

(1)

Authentication Options with Different Routing Protocols

575

(1)

Configuring EIGRP Authentication

576

(7)

EIGRP Authentication Configuration Checklist

577

(1)

Configuring EIGRP Authentication

577

(1)

Configure EIGRP MD5 Authentication Mode

578

(1)

Configure EIGRP Key-Based Routing Authentication

579

(2)

Configuring EIGRP for IPv6 Authentication

581

(1)

Configure EIGRP for IPv6 MD5 Authentication Mode

581

(1)

Configuring Named EIGRP Authentication

582

(1)

Configuring OSPF Authentication

583

(10)

OSPF Authentication

583

(1)

OSPF MD5 Authentication

584

(1)

Configure OSPF MD5 Authentication

584

(1)

Configure OSPF MD5 Authentication on Interfaces

585

(1)

Configure OSPF MD5 Authentication in an Area

586

(1)

OSPFv2 Cryptographic Authentication

587

(1)

Configuring OSPFv2 Cryptographic Authentication

587

(1)

Configure OSPFv2 Cryptographic Authentication Example

588

(2)

OSPFv3 Authentication

590

(1)

Configuring OSPFv3 Authentication

590

(1)

Configuring OSPFv3 Authentication on an Interface Example

591

(1)

Configuring OSPFv3 Authentication in an Area Example

592

(1)

Configuring BGP Authentication

593

(4)

BGP Authentication Configuration Checklist

594

(1)

BGP Authentication Configuration

594

(2)

BGP for IPv6 Authentication Configuration

596

(1)

Implementing VRF-Lite

597

(4)

VRF and VRF-Lite

597

(1)

Enabling VRF

597

(4)

Easy Virtual Network

601

(2)

Summary

603

(1)

References

604

(1)

Review Questions

604

(3)

Appendix A Answers to End of
Chapter Review Questions

607

(6)

Chapter 1

607

(1)

Chapter 2

608

(1)

Chapter 3

609

(1)

Chapter 4

610

(1)

Chapter 5

610

(1)

Chapter 6

611

(1)

Chapter 7

611

(1)

Chapter 8

612

(1)

Appendix B IPv4 Supplement

613

(58)

IPv4 Addresses and Subnetting Job Aid

614

(1)

Decimal-to-Binary Conversion Chart

614

(4)

IPv4 Addressing Review

618

(7)

Converting IP Addresses Between Decimal and Binary

618

(1)

Determining an IP Address Class

619

(1)

Private Addresses

620

(1)

Extending an IP Classful Address Using a Subnet Mask

620

(1)

Calculating a Subnet Mask

621

(2)

Calculating the Networks for a Subnet Mask

623

(1)

Using Prefixes to Represent a Subnet Mask

624

(1)

IPv4 Access Lists

625

(23)

IP Access List Overview

625

(1)

IP Standard Access Lists

626

(2)

Wildcard Masks

628

(1)

Access List Configuration Tasks

629

(1)

IP Standard Access List Configuration

629

(1)

Implicit Wildcard Masks

630

(1)

Configuration Principles

631

(1)

Standard Access List Example

632

(1)

Location of Standard Access Lists

633

(1)

IP Extended Access Lists

634

(1)

Extended Access List Processing

634

(1)

Extended IP Access List Configuration

635

(7)

Extended Access List Examples

642

(1)

Location of Extended Access Lists

643

(1)

Time-Based Access Lists

644

(1)

Restricting Virtual Terminal Access

645

(1)

How to Control vty Access

645

(1)

Virtual Terminal Line Access Configuration

646

(1)

Verifying Access List Configuration

647

(1)

IPv4 Address Planning

648

(5)

Benefits of an Optimized IP Addressing Plan

648

(2)

Scalable Network Addressing Example

650

(1)

Nonscalable Network Addressing

651

(1)

Update Size

651

(1)

Unsummarized Internetwork Topology Changes

652

(1)

Summarized Network Topology Changes

652

(1)

Hierarchical Addressing Using Variable-Length Subnet Masks

653

(9)

Subnet Mask

653

(1)

Use of the Subnet Mask

653

(1)

Subnet Mask Example

653

(1)

Implementing VLSM in a Scalable Network

654

(2)

VLSM Calculation Example

656

(1)

LAN Addresses

657

(1)

Serial Line Addresses

658

(3)

Summary of Addresses Used in the VLSM Example

661

(1)

Another VLSM Example

661

(1)

Route Summarization

662

(5)

Route Summarization Overview

662

(2)

Route Summarization Calculation Example

664

(1)

Summarizing Addresses in a VLSM-Designed Network

665

(1)

Route Summarization Implementation

666

(1)

Route Summarization Operation in Cisco Routers

666

(1)

Route Summarization in IP Routing Protocols

667

(1)

Classless Interdomain Routing

667

(4)

CIDR Example

668

(3)

Appendix C BGP Supplement

671

(26)

BGP Route Summarization

671

(9)

CIDR and Aggregate Addresses

671

(2)

Network Boundary Summarization

673

(1)

BGP Route Summarization Using the network Command

674

(3)

Creating a Summary Address in the BGP Table Using the aggregate-address Command

677

(3)

Redistribution with IGPs

680

(2)

Advertising Networks into BGP

680

(1)

Advertising from BGP into an IGP

681

(1)

Communities

682

(5)

Community Attribute

682

(1)

Setting and Sending the Communities Configuration

682

(3)

Using the Communities Configuration

685

(2)

Route Reflectors

687

(8)

Route Reflector Benefits

689

(1)

Route Reflector Terminology

689

(1)

Route Reflector Design

690

(1)

Route Reflector Design Example

690

(1)

Route Reflector Operation

691

(1)

Route Reflector Migration Tips

692

(2)

Route Reflector Configuration

694

(1)

Route Reflector Example

694

(1)

Verifying Route Reflectors

695

(1)

Advertising a Default Route

695

(1)

Not Advertising Private Autonomous System Numbers

696

(1)

Appendix D Acronyms and Abbreviations

697

Index

701

Introduction

Chapter 1 Fundamentals Review

(8)

Switching Introduction

(6)

Hubs and Switches

(1)

Bridges and Switches

(1)

Switches of Today

(1)

Broadcast Domains

(1)

MAC Addresses

(1)

The Basic Ethernet Frame Format

(1)

Basic Switching Function

(1)

VLANs

(1)

The Spanning Tree Protocol

(1)

Trunking

(1)

Port Channels

(1)

Multilayer Switching

(1)

Summary

(1)

Chapter 2 Network Design Fundamentals

(32)

Campus Network Structure

(13)

Hierarchical Network Design

(2)

Access Layer

(1)

Distribution Layer

(1)

Core Layer (Backbone)

(3)

Layer 3 in the Access Layer

(2)

The Cisco Enterprise Campus Architecture

(1)

The Need for a Core Layer

(2)

Types of Cisco Switches

(12)

Comparing Layer 2 and Multilayer Switches

(1)

MAC Address Forwarding

(1)

Layer 2 Switch Operation

(1)

Layer 3 (Multilayer) Switch Operation

(1)

Useful Commands for Viewing and Editing Catalyst Switch MAC Address Tables

(1)

Frame Rewrite

(1)

Distributed Hardware Forwarding

(1)

Cisco Switching Methods

(1)

Route Caching

(1)

Topology-Based Switching

(2)

Hardware Forward Details

(1)

Study Tips

(1)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(6)

Chapter 3 Campus Network Architecture

(78)

Implementing VLANs and Trunks in Campus Environment

(29)

VLAN Overview

(2)

VLAN Segmentation

(1)

End-to-End VLANs

(1)

Local VLANs

(1)

Comparison of End-to-End VLANs and Local VLANs

(1)

Mapping VLANs to a Hierarchical Network

(2)

Implementing a Trunk in a Campus Environment

(3)

Understanding Native VLAN in 802.1Q Trunking

(1)

Understanding DTP

(1)

VLAN Ranges and Mappings

(1)

Configuring, Verifying, and Troubleshooting VLANs and Trunks

(2)

Verifying the VLAN Configuration

(4)

Configuring VLANs and Trunks

(4)

Best Practices for VLANs and Trunking

(2)

Voice VLAN Overview

(2)

Switch Configuration for Wireless Network Support

(1)

VLAN Trunking Protocol

(24)

VTP Overview

(1)

VTP Modes

(2)

VTP Versions

(1)

VTP Pruning

(1)

VTP Authentication

(1)

VTP Advertisements

(2)

VTP Messages Types

(1)

Summary Advertisements

(1)

Subset Advertisements

(1)

Configuring and Verifying VTP

(9)

Overwriting VTP Configuration (Very Common Issue with VTP)

(6)

Best Practices for VTP Implementation

(1)

Implementing EtherChannel in a Switched Network

(15)

The Need for EtherChannel

(3)

EtherChannel Mode Interactions

(1)

LACP

(1)

PAgP

(1)

Layer 2 EtherChannel Configuration Guidelines

(1)

EtherChannel Load-Balancing Options

100

(2)

Configuring EtherChannel in a Switched Network

102

(1)

EtherChannel Configuration and Load Balancing

103

(5)

EtherChannel Guard

108

(1)

Study Tips

109

(1)

Summary

110

(1)

Review Questions

110

(9)

Chapter 4 Spanning Tree in Depth

119

(84)

Spanning Tree Protocol Overview

120

(13)

STP Need

120

(1)

STP Standards

121

(1)

STP Operations

122

(2)

Bridge Protocol Data Units

124

(1)

Root Bridge Election

124

(2)

Root Port Election

126

(2)

Designated Port Election

128

(1)

STP Port States

129

(1)

Per-VLAN STP Plus (PVST+)

130

(1)

STP Topology Changes

131

(2)

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

133

(18)

RSTP Port Roles

134

(1)

Comparison of RSTP and STP Port States

135

(1)

RSTP Topology Changes

136

(2)

RSTP Link Types

138

(2)

Configuring and Modifying STP Behavior

140

(3)

Changing STP Priority

143

(2)

STP Path Manipulation

145

(3)

STP Timers

148

(3)

Implementing STP Stability Mechanisms

151

(28)

Use UplinkFast

153

(1)

Use BackboneFast

154

(2)

Use PortFast

156

(2)

Securing PortFast Interface with BPDU Guard

158

(1)

Disabling STP with BPDU Filter

159

(2)

Use Root Guard

161

(3)

Loop Guard Overview

164

(2)

Use UDLD

166

(4)

UDLD Recommended Practices

170

(1)

Use FlexLinks

171

(4)

STP Stability Mechanisms Recommendations

175

(4)

Configuring Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol

179

(17)

Introducing MST

179

(3)

MST Regions

182

(1)

STP Instances with MST

183

(2)

Extended System ID for MST

185

(1)

Configuring and Verifying MST

185

(7)

Configuring MST Path Cost

192

(1)

Configuring MST Port Priority

193

(1)

MST Protocol Migration

194

(1)

MST Recommended Practices

194

(2)

Troubleshooting STP

196

(2)

Potential STP Problems

196

(1)

Duplex Mismatch

196

(1)

Unidirectional Link Failure

197

(1)

Frame Corruption

197

(1)

Resource Errors

198

(1)

PortFast Configuration Errors

198

(1)

Study Tips

198

(1)

Summary

199

(1)

Review Questions

200

(3)

Chapter 5 Inter-VLAN Routing

203

(44)

Describing Inter-VLAN Routing

204

(21)

Introduction to Inter-VLAN Routing

204

(2)

Inter-VLAN Routing Using an External Router

206

(1)

Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing Using an External Router

207

(1)

Routing with an External Router

208

(3)

External Routers: Advantages Disadvantages

211

(1)

Inter-VLAN Routing Using Switch Virtual Interfaces

212

(2)

SVI: Advantages and Disadvantages

214

(1)

Routing with Routed Ports

214

(1)

Routed Ports: Advantages

215

(1)

Configuring Inter-VLAN Routing Using SVI and Routed Ports

216

(1)

Routing on a Multilayer Switch

217

(3)

Using the SVI autostate exclude Command

220

(1)

SVI Configuration Checklist

221

(1)

Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN Problems

222

(1)

Example of a Troubleshooting Plan

223

(2)

Layer 2 Versus Layer 3 EtherChannel

225

(6)

Layer 3 EtherChannel Configuration

226

(3)

Verifying Routing Protocols

229

(2)

Implementing DHCP

231

(9)

DHCP Overview

231

(2)

Configuring DHCP in Multilayer Switched Network

233

(6)

Configuring a DHCP Relay

239

(1)

Configuring DHCP Options

239

(1)

Study Tips

240

(1)

Summary

241

(1)

Review Questions

242

(5)

Chapter 6 First-Hop Redundancy

247

(58)

Overview of FHRP and HSRP

247

(27)

The Need for First-Hop Redundancy

248

(2)

HSRP Overview

250

(3)

HSRP State Transition

253

(1)

Aligning HSRP with STP Topology

254

(1)

Configuring and Tuning HSRP

255

(2)

Forwarding Through the Active Router

257

(6)

Load Sharing with HSRP

263

(2)

The Need for Interface Tracking with HSRP

265

(1)

HSRP Interface Tracking

266

(2)

HSRP and Object Tracking

268

(3)

Configuring HSRP Authentication

271

(1)

Tuning HSRP Timers

272

(2)

HSRP Versions

274

(1)

Configuring Layer 3 Redundancy with VRRP

274

(8)

About VRRP

275

(1)

Configuring VRRP and Spotting the Differences from HSRP

276

(3)

VRRP and Authentication

279

(1)

Tracking and VRRP

280

(2)

Configuring Layer 3 Redundancy with GLBP

282

(18)

Introducing GLBP

282

(1)

Comparing GLPB to HSRP

283

(1)

GLBP States

284

(1)

Configuring and Verifying GLBP

285

(9)

GLBP Load-Balancing Options

294

(1)

GLBP Authentication

295

(1)

GLBP and STP

295

(1)

Tracking and GLBP

296

(4)

Study Tips

300

(1)

Summary

301

(1)

References

301

(1)

Review Questions

302

(3)

Chapter 7 Network Management

305

(46)

AAA

305

(11)

Authentication Options

307

(1)

RADIUS and TACACS+ Overview

308

(1)

RADIUS Authentication Process

309

(1)

TACACS+ Authentication Process

310

(1)

Configuring AAA

311

(1)

Configuring RADIUS for Console and vty Access

311

(1)

Configuring TACACS+ for Console and vty Access

312

(1)

AAA Authorization

313

(1)

AAA Accounting

314

(1)

Limitations of TACACS+ and RADIUS

315

(1)

Identity-Based Networking

316

(3)

IEEE 802.1X Port-Based Authentication Overview

316

(2)

IEEE 802.1X Configuration Checklist

318

(1)

Network Time Protocols

319

(17)

The Need for Accurate Time

320

(1)

Configuring the System Clock Manually

320

(3)

Network Time Protocol Overview

323

(1)

NTP Modes

324

(2)

Other NTP Configuration Options

326

(1)

NTP Example

326

(3)

NTP Design Principles

329

(2)

Securing NTP

331

(2)

NTP Source Address

333

(1)

NTP Versions

333

(2)

SNTP

335

(1)

PTP/IEEE-1588

336

(1)

SNMP

336

(8)

SNMP Overview

337

(2)

SNMP Versions

339

(1)

SNMP Best Practices

339

(1)

SNMPv3 Configuration Example

340

(2)

Verifying SNMP Version 3 Configuration

342

(2)

Study Tips

344

(1)

Summary

345

(1)

Review Questions

345

(6)

Chapter 8 Switching Features and Technologies for the Campus Network

351

(42)

Discovery Protocols

352

(5)

Introduction to LLDP

352

(1)

Basic Configuration of LLDP

353

(2)

Discovering Neighbors Using LLDP

355

(2)

Unidirectional Link Detection

357

(3)

UDLD Mechanisms and Specifics

358

(1)

UDLD Configuration

358

(2)

Leveraging UDLD and STP Loop Guard Together

360

(1)

Power over Ethernet

360

(4)

PoE Components

362

(1)

PoE Standards

362

(1)

PoE Negotiation

362

(1)

Configuring and Verifying PoE

363

(1)

SDM Templates

364

(4)

SDM Template Types

365

(2)

Choosing the Right SDM Template

367

(1)

System Resource Configuration on Other Platforms

367

(1)

Monitoring Features

368

(6)

SPAN and RSPAN Overview

368

(3)

SPAN Configuration

371

(1)

RSPAN Configuration

372

(2)

IP SLA

374

(10)

Introduction to IP SLA

375

(2)

IP SLA Source and Responder

377

(1)

IP SLA Configuration

377

(2)

IP SLA Operation with Responder

379

(2)

IP SLA Time Stamps

381

(1)

Configuring Authentication for IP SLA

382

(1)

IP SLA Example for UDP Jitter

383

(1)

Study Tips

384

(1)

Summary

385

(1)

Review Questions

385

(8)

Chapter 9 High Availability

393

(16)

The Need for Logical Switching Architectures

394

(1)

What Is StackWise?

395

(2)

StackWise Benefits

396

(1)

Verifying StackWise

396

(1)

What Is VSS?

397

(4)

VSS Benefits

398

(1)

Verifying VSS

399

(2)

Redundant Switch Supervisors

401

(4)

Supervisor Redundancy Modes

402

(1)

Stateful Switchover

403

(1)

Nonstop Forwarding

404

(1)

Study Tips

405

(1)

Summary

405

(1)

Review Questions

406

(1)

References

406

(3)

Chapter 10 Campus Network Security

409

(60)

Overview of Switch Security Issues

410

(1)

Cisco Switch Security Configuration Best Practices

411

(3)

Campus Network Vulnerabilities

414

(5)

Rogue Access

414

(1)

Switch Vulnerabilities

415

(2)

MAC Flooding Attacks

417

(2)

Introducing Port Security

419

(6)

Port Security Configuration

420

(2)

Port Error Conditions

422

(1)

Err-Disabled Automatic Recovery

423

(1)

Port Access Lists

424

(1)

Storm Control

425

(5)

Introduction to Storm Control

426

(1)

Configuring and Verifying Storm Control on an Interface

427

(3)

Mitigating Spoofing Attacks

430

(13)

DHCP Spoofing Attacks

430

(2)

DHCP Snooping

432

(1)

DHCP Option 82

433

(1)

DHCP Snooping Example Configuration

433

(3)

IP Source Guard

436

(2)

IPSG Configuration

438

(1)

ARP Spoofing

439

(1)

Dynamic ARP Inspection

440

(1)

DAI Configuration

441

(2)

Securing VLAN Trunks

443

(8)

Switch Spoofing

444

(2)

VLAN Hopping

446

(1)

Protecting Against VLAN Hopping

447

(1)

VLAN Access Lists

448

(1)

VACL Interaction with ACLs and PACLs

449

(1)

Configuring VACLs

450

(1)

Private VLANs

451

(7)

Introduction to PVLANs

452

(1)

PVLAN Port Types

453

(1)

PVLAN Configuration

454

(2)

PVLAN Verification

456

(1)

PVLANs Across Multiple Switches

457

(1)

Using the Protected Port Feature

458

(1)

Study Tips

458

(1)

Summary

459

(1)

Review Questions

460

(9)

Appendix A Answers to
Chapter Review Questions

469

Index

473

Introduction

xxi

Chapter 1 Troubleshooting Methods

(14)

Troubleshooting Principles

(3)

Structured Troubleshooting Approaches

(8)

The Top-Down Troubleshooting Approach

(1)

The Bottom-Up Troubleshooting Approach

(1)

The Divide-and-Conquer Troubleshooting Approach

(1)

The Follow-the-Path Troubleshooting Approach

(1)

The Compare-Configurations Troubleshooting Approach

(1)

The Swap-Components Troubleshooting Approach

(1)

Troubleshooting Example Using Six Different Approaches

(1)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(1)

Chapter 2 Structured Troubleshooting

(14)

Troubleshooting Method and Procedure

(9)

Defining the Problem

(1)

Gathering Information

(2)

Analyzing the Information

(1)

Eliminating Potential Causes

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis (Likely Cause of the Problem)

(2)

Testing and Verifying Validity of the Proposed Hypothesis

(1)

Solving the Problem and Documenting the Work

(1)

Troubleshooting Example Based on the Structured Method and Procedures

(1)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(2)

Chapter 3 Network Maintenance Tasks and Best Practices

(32)

Structured Network Maintenance

(2)

Network Maintenance Processes and Procedures

(6)

Common Maintenance Tasks

(1)

Network Maintenance Planning

(1)

Scheduling Maintenance

(1)

Formalizing Change-Control Procedures

(1)

Establishing Network Documentation Procedures

(1)

Establishing Effective Communication

(1)

Defining Templates/Procedures/Conventions (Standardization)

(1)

Planning for Disaster Recovery

(1)

Network Maintenance Services and Tools

(10)

Network Time Services

(1)

Logging Services

(2)

Performing Backup and Restore

(5)

Integrating Troubleshooting into the Network Maintenance Process

(7)

Network Documentation and Baseline

(2)

Communication

(3)

Change Control

(1)

Summary

(3)

Review Questions

(4)

Chapter 4 Basic Switching and Routing Process and Effective IOS Troubleshooting Commands

(38)

Basic Layer 2 Switching Process

(8)

Ethernet Frame Forwarding (Layer 2 Data Plane)

(5)

Layer 2 Switching Verification

(2)

Basic Layer 3 Routing Process

(7)

IP Packet Forwarding (Layer 3 Data Plane)

(3)

Using IOS Commands to Verify IP Packet Forwarding

(3)

Selective Information Gathering Using IOS show Commands, debug Commands, Ping, and Telnet

(16)

Filtering and Redirecting show Command's Output

(5)

Testing Network Connectivity Using Ping and Telnet

(4)

Collecting Real-Time Information Using Cisco IOS debug Commands

(1)

Diagnosing Hardware Issues Using Cisco IOS Commands

(1)

Checking CPU Utilization

(1)

Checking Memory Utilization

(1)

Checking Interfaces

(3)

Summary

(2)

Review Questions

(5)

Chapter 5 Using Specialized Maintenance and Troubleshooting Tools

(18)

Categories of Troubleshooting Tools

100

(1)

Traffic-Capturing Features and Tools

101

(4)

SPAN

102

(1)

RSPAN

103

(2)

Information Gathering with SNMP

105

(2)

Information Gathering with NetFlow

107

(2)

Network Event Notification

109

(4)

Summary

113

(1)

Review Questions

114

(3)

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Case Study: SECHNIK Networking

117

(56)

SECHNIK Networking Trouble Ticket 1

118

(16)

Troubleshooting PCTs Connectivity Problem

118

(1)

Gathering Information

119

(1)

Analyzing Information, Eliminating Causes, and Gathering Further Information

119

(2)

Proposing Hypotheses

121

(1)

Testing the Hypotheses and Solving the Problem

121

(1)

Troubleshooting Ethernet Trunks

122

(1)

Troubleshooting PC2's Connectivity Problem

123

(1)

Gathering Information

124

(2)

Proposing a Hypothesis, Testing the Hypothesis, and Solving the Problem

126

(1)

Troubleshooting NAT

127

(1)

Troubleshooting PC3's Connectivity Problem

128

(1)

Gathering Information

129

(1)

Eliminating Possibilities, Proposing a Hypothesis, and Testing the Hypothesis

129

(1)

Troubleshooting Network Device Interfaces

130

(1)

Troubleshooting PC4's IPv6 Connectivity Problem

131

(1)

Gathering Information

131

(1)

Eliminating Possibilities, Proposing a Hypothesis, and Testing the Hypothesis

132

(1)

Troubleshooting IPv6 Address Assignment on Clients

133

(1)

SECHNIK Networking Trouble Ticket 2

134

(18)

Troubleshooting PC1's Internet Connectivity Problem

134

(1)

Gathering Information

135

(2)

Proposing a Hypothesis, Testing the Hypothesis, and Solving the Problem

137

(1)

Troubleshooting Network Layer Connectivity

138

(3)

Troubleshooting PC2's SSH Connectivity Problem

141

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

141

(1)

Gathering Information

142

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

143

(2)

TCP Three-Way Handshake

145

(1)

Troubleshooting PC4's DHCP Address Problem

146

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

146

(1)

Gathering Information

147

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis, Testing a Hypothesis, and Solving the Problem

148

(3)

Troubleshooting Error-Disabled Ports

151

(1)

SECHNIK Networking Trouble Ticket 3

152

(14)

Troubleshooting PCI and PC2's Internet Connectivity Issues

153

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

153

(1)

Gathering Information

153

(4)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

157

(2)

Solving the Problem

159

(1)

Troubleshooting DHCP

160

(1)

The passive-interface Command

161

(1)

Troubleshooting PC3's Internet Connectivity Issues

162

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

162

(1)

Gathering Information

162

(2)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

164

(1)

Solving the Problem

165

(1)

IPv6 Review

166

(1)

Summary

166

(3)

Review Questions

169

(4)

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Case Study: TINC Garbage Disposal

173

(84)

TINC Garbage Disposal Trouble Ticket 1

174

(19)

Troubleshooting Lack of Backup Internet Connectivity Through GW2

174

(2)

Information Gathering

176

(2)

Analyzing Information, Eliminating Possibilities, and Proposing a Hypothesis

178

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis, Testing the Hypothesis, and Solving the Problem

178

(3)

Troubleshooting BGP Neighbor Relationships

181

(1)

Troubleshooting PCTs Connectivity Problem

182

(1)

Gathering Information

182

(1)

Analyzing Information and Gathering Further Information

183

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis, Testing the Hypothesis, and Solving the Problem

184

(2)

Troubleshooting Port Security

186

(1)

Troubleshooting PC2's Connectivity Problem

187

(1)

Gathering Information

188

(2)

Eliminating Possibilities, Proposing a Hypothesis, and Testing the Hypothesis

190

(1)

Solving the Problem

191

(1)

Troubleshooting VLANs

192

(1)

TINC Garbage Disposal Trouble Ticket 2

193

(19)

Troubleshooting GW1's OSPF Neighbor Relation Problem with Router R1

194

(1)

Verifying the Problem

194

(1)

Gathering Information

194

(5)

Analyzing Information, Eliminating Possibilities, and Proposing a Hypothesis

199

(1)

Testing the Hypothesis and Solving the Problem

199

(2)

Troubleshooting OSPF Adjacency

201

(1)

Troubleshooting Secure Shell Version 2 Access to Router R2 from PC4

202

(1)

Verifying the Problem

202

(1)

Gathering Information

203

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

204

(1)

Solving the Problem

205

(1)

Troubleshooting SSH and Telnet

206

(1)

Troubleshooting Duplicate Address Problem Discovered Through R1 and R2's Log Messages

207

(1)

Verifying the Problem

207

(1)

Gathering Information

207

(3)

Analyzing the Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

210

(1)

Testing the Hypothesis and Solving the Problem

210

(1)

Troubleshooting HSRP

211

(1)

TINC Garbage Disposal Trouble Ticket 3

212

(19)

Troubleshooting Sporadic Internet Connectivity Problem Experienced by Users of PCI and PC2

212

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

213

(1)

Gathering Information

213

(2)

Analyzing Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

215

(2)

Testing the Hypothesis and Solving the Problem

217

(1)

Troubleshooting Erroneous Routing Information

218

(2)

Troubleshooting Multiple Masters within a VRRP

220

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

220

(1)

Gathering Information

221

(1)

Analyzing the Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

222

(1)

Testing the Hypothesis, and Solving the Problem

222

(2)

Troubleshooting VRRP

224

(1)

Troubleshooting EtherChannel Between ASW4 and ASW3

224

(1)

Verifying the Problem

224

(1)

Defining the Problem

225

(1)

Gathering Information

225

(2)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

227

(1)

Solving the Problem

228

(1)

Troubleshooting EtherChannel

229

(2)

TINC Garbage Disposal Trouble Ticket 4

231

(21)

Troubleshooting Inconsistent and Sporadic Internet Connectivity Problem Experienced By Users of PCI and PC2

231

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

232

(1)

Gathering Information

233

(2)

Analyzing Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

235

(1)

Testing the Hypotheses

235

(4)

Solving the Problem

239

(2)

Troubleshooting FHRPs

241

(1)

Troubleshooting Sporadic Loss of Connectivity on PC4

242

(1)

Verifying the Problem and Making a Troubleshooting Plan

242

(1)

Gathering Information

242

(2)

Analyzing the Information and Gathering Further Information

244

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

245

(1)

Solving the Problem

246

(2)

The Cisco IOS DHCP Snooping Feature

248

(1)

Cisco Technical Assistance Center

248

(1)

Troubleshooting SSH Connection from PC4 to Router GW2

249

(1)

Verifying the Problem and Making a Troubleshooting Plan

249

(1)

Gathering Information

250

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

251

(1)

Solving the Problem

252

(1)

Summary

252

(3)

Review Questions

255

(2)

Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Case Study: PILE Forensic Accounting

257

(76)

PILE Forensic Accounting Trouble Ticket 1

258

(16)

Troubleshooting PILE's Branch Connectivity to HQ and the Internet

258

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

258

(2)

Gathering Information

260

(4)

Analyzing Information

264

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

264

(1)

Solving the Problem

265

(1)

Troubleshooting EIGRP Adjacency

266

(1)

Troubleshooting PILE's Secondary Internet Connection Through ISP2

267

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

267

(1)

Gathering Information

268

(2)

Analyzing Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

270

(1)

Testing the Hypothesis

271

(2)

Solving the Problem

273

(1)

PILE Forensic Accounting Trouble Ticket 2

274

(13)

Troubleshooting Telnet Problem: From PC3 to BR

274

(1)

Gathering Information

275

(1)

Troubleshooting PILE Network's Internet Access Problem

275

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

276

(1)

Gathering Information

276

(2)

Analyzing Information, Eliminating Causes, and Gathering Further Information

278

(2)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

280

(1)

Solving the Problem

281

(1)

Troubleshooting BGP

281

(1)

Troubleshooting PILE Network's NTP Problem

282

(1)

Verifying the Problem

283

(1)

Gathering Information

283

(1)

Analyzing the Gathered Information and Gathering Further Information

284

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

285

(1)

Solving the Problem

286

(1)

Troubleshooting NTP

286

(1)

PILE Forensic Accounting Trouble Ticket 3

287

(15)

Troubleshooting PC3's Lack of Internet Connectivity After the Disaster Recovery

287

(1)

Verifying the Problem

288

(1)

Gathering Information (First Run)

288

(1)

Analyzing Information, Proposing, and Testing the First Hypothesis

289

(1)

Proposing and Testing the Second Hypothesis

290

(2)

Gathering Further Information (Second Run)

292

(1)

Proposing and Testing the Third Hypothesis

293

(1)

Solving the Problem

294

(1)

Disaster Recovery Best Practices

294

(2)

Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN Routing

296

(1)

Troubleshooting PC4's Problem Accessing Cisco.com

297

(1)

Verify the Problem and Select an Approach

297

(1)

Gather Information and Analyze the Information

298

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

299

(1)

Solve the Problem

299

(1)

Troubleshooting DNS

300

(1)

Remote Device Management Notes

301

(1)

PILE Forensic Accounting Trouble Ticket 4

302

(11)

Troubleshooting Branch Site Internet Connectivity Problem After EIGRP Reconfiguration

302

(1)

Verifying the Problem

302

(1)

Gathering Information

303

(1)

Gathering Further Information and Analyzing Information

303

(2)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

305

(2)

Solving the Problem

307

(1)

The EIGRP Stub Configuration

308

(1)

The New EIGRP Named Configuration

309

(1)

Troubleshooting Management Access to ASW2

310

(1)

Verifying the Problem

310

(1)

Gathering Information

310

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

311

(1)

Solving the Problem

312

(1)

Providing a Default Route on Layer 2 And Multilayer Devices

313

(1)

PILE Forensic Accounting Trouble Ticket 5

313

(13)

Troubleshooting the Redundant Internet Access Path Through the New HQ0 Edge Router

314

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

314

(1)

Gathering Information

315

(3)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

318

(1)

Solving the Problem

319

(2)

Troubleshooting BGP Route Selection

321

(1)

Troubleshooting Unauthorized Telnet Access

322

(1)

Verifying the Problem

322

(1)

Gathering Information

322

(1)

Gathering Further Information and Analysis Information

323

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Testing the Hypothesis

324

(1)

Solving the Problem

325

(1)

Securing the Management Plane

325

(1)

Summary

326

(3)

Review Questions

329

(4)

Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Case Study: Bank of POLONA

333

(64)

Bank of POLONA Trouble Ticket 1

334

(15)

Troubleshooting PC3's Lack of Connectivity to SRV2

335

(1)

Verifying the Problem

335

(1)

Gathering Information

336

(2)

Analyzing Information and Proposing a Hypothesis, and Testing the Hypothesis

338

(1)

Solving the Problem

339

(1)

Troubleshooting Redistribution

339

(1)

Troubleshooting VRRP with Interface Tracking

340

(1)

Verifying the Problem

340

(1)

Gathering Information

341

(1)

Analyzing the Information

342

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

342

(1)

Solving the Problem

343

(1)

FHRP Tracking Options

344

(1)

Troubleshooting IP SLA Test Not Starting

345

(1)

Verifying the Problem

345

(1)

Gathering Information

346

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

347

(1)

Solving the Problem

348

(1)

Troubleshooting IP SLA

349

(1)

Bank of POLONA Trouble Ticket 2

349

(15)

Troubleshooting Summarization Problem on BR3

350

(1)

Verifying the Problem

350

(1)

Gathering Information

350

(1)

Analyzing Information

351

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

351

(1)

Solving the Problem

352

(1)

Troubleshooting EIGRP Summarization

353

(1)

Troubleshooting PCO's IPv6 Internet Connectivity

353

(1)

Verifying the Problem

353

(1)

Gathering Information

354

(2)

Analyzing Information

356

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

356

(1)

Solving the Problem

357

(1)

Troubleshooting RIPng

357

(1)

Troubleshooting Branch 3's IPv6 Internet Connectivity

358

(1)

Verifying the Problem

358

(1)

Gathering Information

359

(2)

Analyzing Information

361

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

361

(1)

Solving the Problem

362

(1)

Troubleshooting Access Control Lists

362

(2)

Bank of POLONA Trouble Ticket 3

364

(14)

Troubleshooting Branch Ts IP Connectivity to the Headquarters

364

(1)

Verifying the Problem

364

(1)

Gathering Information

365

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

366

(1)

Gathering Further Information

367

(1)

Proposing and Testing Another Hypothesis

367

(1)

Solving the Problem

368

(1)

Troubleshooting GRE Tunnels

368

(1)

Troubleshooting Branch 3's Route Summarization

369

(1)

Verifying the Problem and Choosing an Approach

369

(1)

Gathering Information

370

(3)

Analyzing the Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

373

(1)

Testing the Hypothesis and Solving the Problem

373

(1)

OSPF Summarization Tips and Commands

374

(1)

Troubleshooting AAA Authentication on the Branch 1 Router

375

(1)

Verifying the Problem and Choosing an Approach

375

(1)

Gathering Information

375

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis

376

(1)

Testing the Hypothesis and Solving the Problem

376

(1)

Troubleshooting AAA

377

(1)

Bank of POLONA Trouble Ticket 4

378

(13)

Troubleshooting PCO's Connectivity to IPv6 Internet

378

(1)

Verifying the Problem and Choosing an Approach

378

(1)

Gathering Information

379

(2)

Analyzing the Information and Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

381

(1)

Gathering Further Information

382

(1)

Analyzing Information and Proposing and Testing Another Hypothesis

383

(1)

Solving the Problem

384

(1)

Troubleshooting OSPF for IPv6

385

(1)

Troubleshooting the Dysfunctional Totally Stubby Branch Areas

386

(1)

Verifying the Problem and Choosing an Approach

386

(1)

Gathering Information

387

(2)

Analyzing Information

389

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

389

(1)

Solving the Problem

390

(1)

OSPF Stub Areas

391

(1)

Summary

391

(3)

Review Questions

394

(3)

Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Case Study: RADULKO Transport

397

(54)

RADULKO Transport Trouble Ticket 1

398

(13)

Mitigating Unauthorized Switches Added by Employees

398

(1)

Gathering Information

399

(1)

Analyzing Information

400

(1)

Proposing a Hypothesis and Solving the Problem

400

(1)

Troubleshooting Spanning Tree Protocol

401

(2)

Troubleshooting Policy-Based Routing

403

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

404

(1)

Gathering Information

404

(1)

Analyzing the Information

405

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

405

(1)

Solving the Problem

406

(1)

Troubleshooting PBR

407

(1)

Troubleshooting Neighbor Discovery

407

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

408

(1)

Gathering Information

408

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

409

(1)

Solving the Problem

409

(1)

Troubleshooting CDP and LLDP

410

(1)

RADULKO Transport Trouble Ticket 2

411

(13)

Troubleshooting VLANs and PCs Connectivity Problems

411

(1)

Verifying the Problem

412

(1)

Gathering Information

412

(1)

Analyzing the Information

413

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

413

(1)

Solving the Problem

414

(1)

Troubleshooting VTP

415

(1)

Troubleshooting Branch Router's IPv6 Problems

416

(1)

Verifying the Problem

416

(1)

Gathering Information

417

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

418

(1)

Solving the Problem

418

(1)

Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv6

419

(1)

Troubleshooting MP-BGP Session Problem

420

(1)

Verifying the Problem

420

(1)

Gathering Information

420

(1)

Analyzing the Information and Proposing a Hypothesis

421

(1)

Solving the Problem

422

(1)

Troubleshooting MP-BGP

423

(1)

RADULKO Transport Trouble Ticket 3

424

(9)

Troubleshooting PCTs Problem Accessing the SRV Server at the Distribution Center

424

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

424

(1)

Gathering Information

425

(3)

Analyzing Information

428

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

428

(1)

Solving the Problem

429

(1)

Troubleshooting the OSPFv3 Address Families Feature

429

(1)

Troubleshooting OSPFv3 Authentication

430

(1)

Verifying the Problem

430

(1)

Gathering Information

431

(1)

Analyzing Information

432

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

432

(1)

Solving the Problem

433

(1)

RADULKO Transport Trouble Ticket 4

433

(11)

Troubleshooting Undesired External OSPF Routes in DST's Routing Table

434

(1)

Verifying and Defining the Problem

434

(1)

Gathering Information

435

(1)

Analyzing Information

436

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

437

(2)

Solving the Problem

439

(1)

Troubleshooting PCs IPv6 Internet Access

440

(1)

Verifying the Problem

440

(1)

Gathering Information

440

(2)

Analyzing Information

442

(1)

Proposing and Testing a Hypothesis

443

(1)

Solving the Problem

444

(1)

Summary

444

(4)

Review Questions

448

(3)

Appendix A Answers to Review Questions

451

(2)

Index

453

Diane Teare P.Eng, CCNP, CCDP, CCSI, PMP, is a professional in the networking, training, project management, and e-learning fields.

Bob Vachon, is a professor at Cambrian College in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, where he teaches Cisco networking infrastructure courses.

Rick Graziani teaches computer science and computer networking courses at Cabrillo College in Aptos, California.

Richard E. Froom, CCIE® No. 5102, is a manager within the Solution Validation Services (SVS) team at Cisco.

Erum Frahim, CCIE No. 7549, is a technical leader working in the Solution Validation Services (SVS) group at Cisco.

Amir S. Ranjbar, CCIE No. 8669, is a Certified Cisco Systems Instructor and a senior network consultant.

CCNP Routing and Switching Foundation Learning Guide Library: (ROUTE 300-101, SWITCH 300-115, TSHOOT 300-135) [Multiple-component retail product, shrink-wrapped]

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