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Cerebral and Spinal Computed Tomography 3rd Revised edition [Kõva köide]

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  • Formaat: Hardback, 304 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 1078 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 21-Oct-1998
  • Kirjastus: Blackwell Science Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0632048557
  • ISBN-13: 9780632048557
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Cerebral and Spinal Computed Tomography 3rd Revised editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 304 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 1078 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 21-Oct-1998
  • Kirjastus: Blackwell Science Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0632048557
  • ISBN-13: 9780632048557
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780632048557.html
Märksõnad:
The numerous technical developments in diagnostic imaging and the expanding sprectrum of neurological disease called for a third edition of this standard work. The concept proven to be successful during the past two decades of combining the expertise of neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons has been maintained. This is the only way to cover diagnostic imaging from a theoretical as well as a practial standpoint, especially with regard to surgery. The didactic element of the book has also been maintained and emphasised even more than ever. The first section of the book consists of an introduction to the technical procedures of diagnostic imaging and has been extended to include several new methods such as spiral-CT and 3D-reconstruction. Subsequently, normal findings are presented to describe the anatomy of the human brain. Building on these fundamentals the various diseases and malformations are illustrated extensively in the following chapters. The presentation of the radiological images as clearly organised charts often accompanied by matching diagrams is of incomparable didactic value. All the radiological images have been completely replaced by new ones to reflect the high image quality of today's new equipment. Tabular presentation of the differential diagnoses provides quick access to essential information. Even this section was revised extensively, for example, by introducing a table about the varying densities of different tumours. Furthermore, the various diagnostic methods are compared with one another, especially in regard to the application of computed tomography as opposed to
Preface V(10)
Index of Plates XV
Cerebral Computed Tomography 3(226)
1 Basic Physical and Technical Concepts
3(7)
1.1 Historic Remarks
3(1)
1.2 Principle
3(1)
1.3 Technique
3(1)
1.4 Mathematical Image Reconstruction
3(2)
1.5 Imaging Characteristics
5(1)
1.6 Image Artifacts
6(4)
1.6.1 Streak Artifacts
6(1)
1.6.2 Areal Artifacts
7(3)
2 Examination Technique
10(6)
2.1 Positioning of the Patient
10(1)
2.2 Administration of Contrast Medium
11(2)
2.2.1 Intravenous Administration
11(1)
2.2.2 Intrathecal Administration
11(1)
2.2.2.1 CSF Circulation Study
12(1)
2.2.2.2 Demonstration of Suspected CSF Leaks
12(1)
2.2.2.3 CT Air Costernography
13(1)
2.3 Stereotaxic-Cerebral Operations
13(1)
2.4 Spiral CT
13(3)
3 Interventional Neuroradiology
16(5)
3.1 CT-Controlled Diagnostic Interventions
16(1)
3.2 CT-Controlled Therapeutic Interventions
16(4)
3.2.1 Facet Joint Block
16(1)
3.2.2 Perirdicular Therapy
16(4)
3.2.3 Percutaneous Nucleotomy
16(4)
3.3 Other CT-Controlled Interventions
20(1)
4 The Normal Brain
21(28)
4.1 Basic Anatomy
21(1)
4.2 Topography of the Brain in Computed Tomography
21(27)
4.2.1 Neurofunctional Systems
21(21)
4.2.1.1 Pyramidal Tract
42(1)
4.2.1.2 Sensory Tract
42(2)
4.2.1.3 Optic Tract
44(2)
4.2.1.4 Tracts of the Ocular Motor System
46(2)
4.2.1.5 Speech Centers
48(1)
4.2.1.6 Olfactory Tract
48(1)
4.2.1.7 Auditory Tract
48(1)
4.3 CT Versus MRI Comparision
48(1)
5 Head Trauma
49(21)
5.1 Closed Head Trauma
49(14)
5.1.1 Epidural Hematoma
51(3)
5.1.2 Subdural Hematoma
54(1)
5.1.2.1 Acute Subdural Hematoma
54(1)
5.1.2.2 Acute Subdural Hygroma
54(1)
5.1.2.3 Chronic Subdural Hematoma
54(4)
5.1.3 Cerebral Contusions
58(1)
5.1.3.1 Focal Traumatic Edema
58(1)
5.1.3.2 Contusion Hemorrhages
58(1)
5.1.3.3 Diffuse Traumatic Edema
58(3)
5.1.3.4 Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhages
61(1)
5.1.3.5 Traumatic Ventricular Bleeding and Rupture
61(1)
5.1.3.6 Traumatic Brain Infarction
61(2)
5.2 Open Head Trauma
63(7)
5.2.1 Depression Fracture
63(1)
5.2.2 Frontobasal Head Injuries
63(1)
5.2.3 Gunshot Injuries
63(1)
5.2.4 Air Inclusions (Pneumocele and Pneumocephalus)
63(1)
5.2.5 Ascending Infection
63(3)
5.2.6 Late Effects of Brain Trauma
66(1)
5.2.7 Consequences and Complications of Surgery
66(4)
6 Pediatric Neurological Diseases
70(24)
6.1 Congenital Malformations
70(14)
6.1.1 Dorsal Induction
70(1)
6.1.1.1 Anencephaly
70(1)
6.1.1.2 Encephaloceles
70(1)
6.1.1.3 Arnold-Chiari Malformation
71(3)
6.1.2 Ventral Induction
74(1)
6.1.2.1 Holoprosencephaly
74(1)
6.1.2.2 Septo-Optic Dysplasia
75(1)
6.1.2.3 Cerebral Hemiatrophy
75(1)
6.1.2.4 Dysgeneses of the Cerebellum and the Inferior Vermis
75(1)
6.1.2.5 Dandy-Walker Syndrome
75(2)
6.1.2.6 Crainosynostoses
77(1)
6.1.2.7 Dysraphic Equivalents
77(1)
6.1.3 Proliferation
77(1)
6.1.3.1 Microcephaly
78(1)
6.1.3.2 Megalencephaly, Hemimegalencephaly
78(1)
6.1.3.3 Phakomatoses
78(2)
6.1.4 Migration
80(1)
6.1.4.1 Schizencephaly
80(1)
6.1.4.2 Lissencephaly
80(1)
6.1.4.3 Pachygyria
80(1)
6.1.4.4 Polymicrogyria
80(1)
6.1.4.5 Ectopias, Dystopias
80(2)
6.1.4.6 Hydranencephaly
82(2)
6.1.4.7 Porencephaly
82(2)
6.2 Early Childhood Brain Damage
84(1)
6.3 Hydrocephalus in Infants
84(6)
6.3.1 Clinical Symptoms
88(1)
6.3.2 CT
88(2)
6.4 Subdural Hygromas in Infants
90(1)
6.5 Arachnoid Cysts
90(4)
7 Vascular Diseases
94(23)
7.1 Cerebral Infarction
94(3)
7.1.1 Clinical Symptoms
96(1)
7.1.2 CT
96(1)
7.2 Basilar Artery Thrombosis
97(1)
7.3 Venous Infarction, Sinus Thrombosis
97(6)
7.4 Spontaneous Hemorrhages
103(4)
7.4.1 Clinical Symptoms
107(1)
7.4.2 CT
107(1)
7.5 Aneurysms
107(6)
7.5.1 Clinical Symptoms
108(1)
7.5.2 CT
109(4)
7.6 Angiomas
113(4)
7.6.1 Capillary Angioma
113(1)
7.6.2 Cavernous Angioma
113(1)
7.6.3 Venous Angioma
113(1)
7.6.4 Arteriovenous Angioma
113(4)
8 Degenerative Diseases
117(10)
8.1 Cerebral Atrophy
117(8)
8.1.1 Generalized Cerebral Atrophy
118(1)
8.1.1.1 Physiologic Involution
118(1)
8.1.1.2 Senile Dementia (Cerebral Atrophy with Senile Psychosis)
118(1)
8.1.1.3 Presenile Dementia (Alzheimer's Disease)
118(1)
8.1.1.4 Arteriosclerotic Dementia
118(1)
8.1.1.5 Parkinson's Disease
118(1)
8.1.1.6 Wilson's Disease
118(1)
8.1.1.7 Creutfeldt-Jakob Disease
119(1)
8.1.1.8 Toxic and Iatrogenic Encephalopathies
119(1)
8.1.2 Focal Cerebral Atrophy
119(1)
8.1.3 Regional Symmetrical Cerebral Atrophy
119(1)
8.1.3.1 Pick's Disease
119(1)
8.1.3.2 Huntington's Chorea
119(1)
8.1.3.3 Progressive Paralysis
119(1)
8.1.3.4 Cerebellar Atrophies
119(6)
8.1.3.5 Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
125(1)
8.2 Demyelination Encephalopathy
125(2)
8.2.1 Multiple Sclerosis
125(1)
8.2.2 Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
125(1)
8.2.3 Leukodystrophies
126(1)
8.2.3.1 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
126(1)
8.2.3.2 Spongiform Leukodystrophy, Canavan's Disease
126(1)
8.2.3.3 Alexander's Disease
126(1)
8.2.3.4 Krabbe's Globoid Leukodystrophy
126(1)
8.2.3.5 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease
126(1)
8.2.3.6 Cockayne's Disease
126(1)
8.2.3.7 Adrenoleukodystrophy
126(1)
9 Cerebral Inflammations
127(9)
9.1 Meningitis
127(1)
9.1.1 Acute Bacterial Meningitis
127(1)
9.1.2 Acute Lymphocytic Viral Meningitis
127(1)
9.1.3 Chronic Meningitis
127(1)
9.1.3.1 Tuberculous Meningitis
127(1)
9.1.3.2 CNS Sarcoidosis
128(1)
9.2 Cerebritis, Brain Abscess
128(4)
9.2.1 Epidural Abscess, Subdural Empyema
128(4)
9.3 Encephalitis
132(1)
9.3.1 Herpes Encephalitis
132(1)
9.3.2 Other Viral Encephalitides
132(1)
9.3.3 Post-Infectious Encephalitides
132(1)
9.3.3.1 SSPE (Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis)
132(1)
9.3.3.2 ADEM (Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis)
132(1)
9.4 Other CNS Infections
132(4)
9.4.1 Fungal Infections
132(2)
9.4.2 Infection by Parasites
134(1)
9.4.2.1 Neurocysticercosis
134(1)
9.4.2.2 Echinococcosis
134(1)
9.4.3 Perinatal CNS Infections
134(1)
9.4.3.1 Cytomegaly
134(1)
9.4.3.2 Toxoplasmosis
134(1)
9.4.3.3 Rubella
134(1)
9.4.3.4 Herpes Simplex (Type II)
134(1)
9.4.3.5 HIV
134(2)
10 AIDS
136(2)
10.1 Subacute Encephalopathy
136(1)
10.2 Chronic Aseptic Meningitis
136(1)
10.3 Cytomegaly
136(1)
10.4 Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
136(1)
10.5 Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
136(1)
10.6 Cryptococcosis
137(1)
10.7 Toxoplasmosis
137(1)
10.8 Tuberculosis
137(1)
10.9 Lymphomas
137(1)
11 Neoplasms
138(42)
11.1 Properties, Classification and Computed Tomographic Criteria
138(4)
11.2 Special Section
142(38)
11.2.1 Tumors of the Astrocytoma Series
142(1)
11.2.1.1 Fibrillary Astrocytomas (Grade II)
142(2)
11.2.1.2 Anaplastic Astrocytoma (Grade III)
144(1)
11.2.2 Glioblastomas
144(4)
11.2.3 Pilocytic Astrocytomas (Grade I) (Spongioblastomas)
148(2)
11.2.4 Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
150(1)
11.2.5 Oligodendrogliomas
152(1)
11.2.6 Ependymomas
152(1)
11.2.7 Mixed Gliomas
152(1)
11.2.8 Plexus Papillomas
152(1)
11.2.9 Diffuse Gliomatosis
152(1)
11.2.10 Gangliocytomas (Nerve Cell Tumors)
152(1)
11.2.11 Pineal Tumors
152(2)
11.2.12 Medulloblastomas
154(2)
11.2.13 Schwannomas
156(2)
11.2.14 Meningiomas
158(6)
11.2.15 Lipomas
164(1)
11.2.16 Histiocytosis X, Histiocytomas
164(1)
11.2.17 Durafibromas
164(1)
11.2.18 Hemangiopericytomas
164(1)
11.2.19 Primary Meningeal Melanomas
164(1)
11.2.20 Hemangioblastoma
164(1)
11.2.21 Malignant Lymphomas (Primary Cerebral Lymphomas)
165(3)
11.2.22 Leukosis
168(1)
11.2.23 Malformation Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions
168(1)
11.2.23.1 Epidermoid, Dermoid and Teratoma
168(1)
11.2.23.2 Hamartomas
168(1)
11.2.23.3 Cavernous Hemangiomas
168(1)
11.2.23.4 Foramen of Monro Cysts (Colloid Cysts)
168(1)
11.2.23.5 Endodermal Cysts
168(1)
11.2.24 Pituitary Adenomas
168(5)
11.2.25 Craniopharyngiomas
173(2)
11.2.26 Skeletogenous Intracranial Tumors
175(1)
11.2.26.1 Osteomas
175(1)
11.2.26.2 Chondromas
175(1)
11.2.26.3 Chordomas
175(1)
11.2.27 Craniofacial Tumors with Intracranial Invasion
175(1)
11.2.27.1 Carcinomas of the Epipharynx, the Paranasal Sinuses and the Orbit
175(1)
11.2.27.2 Glomus Tumors
175(1)
11.2.27.3 Rhabdomyosarcomas
175(2)
11.2.28 Metastases
177(3)
12 Orbital Cavity
180(4)
12.1 Examination Technique
180(1)
12.2 Structures of the Orbital Cavity
180(1)
12.3 Pathological Processes
180(4)
13 Differential Diagnostic Tables
184(31)
13.1 Subcaivarial Foci
184(6)
13.1.1 Subcalvarial Hypedense Foci
184(1)
13.1.2 Subcalvarial Hyperdense Foci
185(5)
13.2 Intracerebral Foci
190(9)
13.2.1 Intracerebral Hypodense Foci
190(2)
13.2.2 Intracerebral Hyperdense Foci of Hematoma-Like Density
190(2)
13.2.3 Intracerebral Hyperdense Foci of Calcium-Like Density
194(3)
13.2.4 Enhancing Foci
197(2)
13.3 Changes in Location, Shape and Size of the Ventricular System
199(3)
13.4 Intraventricular and Paraventricular Processes
202(2)
13.5 Processes of the Anterior Cranial Fossa and the Frontal Brain
204(2)
13.6 Intrasellar, Parasellar and Suprasellar Processes
206(3)
13.7 Processes in the Pineal Gland, Cisterna Magna and Quadrigeminal Plate Region
209(2)
13.8 Cerebellopontine Angle Processes
211(4)
14 Processes in the Petrous Bone Region
215(7)
14.1 Examination Technique
215(1)
14.2 Malformations
215(1)
14.2.1 Meatal Stenosis and/or Atresia
215(1)
14.2.2 Middle Ear Dysplasia
215(1)
14.2.3 Malformations of the Ossicular Chain
215(1)
14.2.4 Malformations of the Inner Ear
215(1)
14.3 Anomalies of Blood Vessels and Nerves
215(2)
14.3.1 Jugular Vein
215(2)
14.3.2 Internal Carotid Artery
217(1)
14.3.3 Facial Nerve
217(1)
14.4 Inflammations
217(1)
14.4.1 Malignant External Otitis
217(1)
14.4.2 Acute Otitis Media and Mastoiditis
217(1)
14.4.3 Chronic Otitis Media and Mastoiditis
217(1)
14.5 Congenital Cholesteatoma
217(1)
14.6 Neoplasias
217(1)
14.6.1 Glomus Tumors (Chemodectomas, Non-Chromaffine Paragangliomas)
217(1)
14.6.2 Schwannomas
217(1)
14.6.3 Rare Benign Tumors
217(1)
14.6.4 Primary Malignancies
218(1)
14.6.5 Secondary Malignancies
218(1)
14.7 Other, Less Common Diseases of the Middle Ear
218(1)
14.8 Acquired Cholesteatoma
218(1)
14.9 Traumas
218(4)
14.9.1 Longitudinal Fracture
218(2)
14.9.2 Transverse Fracture
220(1)
14.9.3 Isolated Fracture of the Mastoid Bone and the External Auditory Canal
220(1)
14.9.4 Rupture of the Ossicular Chain
220(2)
15 Lesions of the Cranial Base and the Adjoining Facial Bones
222(7)
15.1 Paget's Disease
222(1)
15.2 Fibrous Dysplasia (Jaffe-Lichtenstein Syndrome)
222(1)
15.3 Osteoplastic Meningiomas
222(1)
15.4 Neurofibromatosis
222(1)
15.5 Osteomas
222(1)
15.6 Carcinomas of the Facial Bones
222(1)
15.7 Primary and Secondary Malignancies of the Cranial Base
222(2)
15.8 Juvenile Angiofibroma
224(1)
15.9 Paranasal Sinus Hypoplasia and/or Aplasia
224(1)
15.10 Sinusitis
224(1)
15.11 Granulomatous Inflammations and Fungal Infections of the Paranasal Sinuses
224(1)
15.12 Nasal Polyposis
224(1)
15.13 Muscocele, Pyocele
224(1)
15.14 Fractures of the Facial Bonus and the Cranial Base
224(5)
Spinal Computed Tomography 229(40)
16 Spinal Computed Tomography
229(40)
16.1 Examination Technique
229(1)
16.1.1 Technical Requirements
229(1)
16.1.2 Administration of Contrast Medium
229(1)
16.2 CT Versus MRI Comparison
229(1)
16.3 Basic Anatomy
229(7)
16.3.1 Atlantoaxial Joint and Normal Cervical Spine
229(2)
16.3.2 Normal Thoracic Spine
231(1)
16.3.3 Normal Lumbosacral Spine
231(5)
16.3.4 Content of the Lumbosacral Spinal Canal
236(1)
16.4 Intervertebral Disc Prolapse
236(10)
16.4.1 Manifestations of Cervical and Lumbar Disc Prolapse
237(1)
16.4.1.1 Cervical Prolapse
237(1)
16.4.1.2 Thoracic Prolapse
238(1)
16.4.1.3 Lumbar Prolapse
238(8)
16.5 Spinal Canal Stenosis, Osteoarthropathy
246(3)
16.6 Spinal Tumors
249(5)
16.6.1 Schwannoma
249(1)
16.6.2 Meningioma
249(1)
16.6.3 Ependymoma
249(1)
16.6.4 Pilocytic Astrocytoma
249(1)
16.6.5 Dysontogenetic Tumors
249(5)
16.6.6 Metastases, Including Malignant Lymphoma, Plasmocytoma
254(1)
16.6.6.1 Diagnostic Procedure, Value of CT Examination
254(1)
16.7 Spinal Traumatology
254(3)
16.7.1 CT Findings
254(3)
16.7.2 Diagnostic Procedure, Contribution of CT
257(1)
16.8 Spinal Anomalies
257(1)
16.8.1 Dysraphic Disorders
257(1)
16.8.2 Arnold-Chiari Syndrome
257(1)
16.8.3 Syringomyelia and/or Syringohydromyelia
257(1)
16.8.4 Deformations of the Vertebral Bodies and the Vertebral Arches
257(1)
16.9 Inflammatory Spinal Lesions
258(3)
16.9.1 Discitis and Spondylitis
258(1)
16.9.2 Myelitis
258(1)
16.9.3 Arachnoiditis
258(1)
16.9.4 Epidural Abscess
258(1)
16.9.5 Atlantoaxial Manifestation of Chronic Polyarthritis (CP)
258(3)
16.10 Postoperative Lesions and Complications
261(3)
16.10.1 Postoperative Scars after Lumbar Disc Prolapse Operation and Recurrent Disc Prolapse
261(1)
16.10.2 Arachnopathy
261(1)
16.10.3 Discitis and Spondylitis
261(1)
16.10.4 Meningocele Spuria
261(1)
16.10.5 Secondary Epidural Hemorrhage
261(1)
16.10.6 Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage
261(3)
16.11 The Post-Discectomy Syndrome, Differential Diagnosis of Lumbosciatica
264(5)
References 269(4)
Index 273