National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitat
For more than 75 years, high-hazard structures in the U.S., including dams and nuclear power plants, have been engineered to withstand floods resulting from the most unlikely but possible precipitation, termed Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). F...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Independent Study on Potential Environ
In response to the buildup of U.S. and Russian nuclear arsenals during the Cold War, a series of major scientific studies conducted in the 1980s issued warnings about the potential for a nuclear winter scenario - the possibility that a large-scale...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Lyly Luhachack-
Earth systems science aims to discover and integrate knowledge on the structure, nature, and scales of interactions among natural (e.g., physical, chemical, and biological) and social (e.g., cultural, socioeconomic, and geopolitical) processes. Clim...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Tipping Points, Cascading Impacts, a
Earth is a complex system, with myriad interactions and feedbacks among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere, as well as the people, institutions, and technologies that respond to and influence these dynamics. A systems-...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Modernizing Probable Maximum Precipitat
For more than 75 years, high-hazard structures in the U.S., including dams and nuclear power plants, have been engineered to withstand floods resulting from the most unlikely but possible precipitation, termed Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP). F...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Polar Research Board, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Greenh
Climate change is fundamentally changing ecosystems and their fire conditions, and the 2023 fire season highlighted the urgency of developing and implementing solutions to address wildland fires. Wildland fires transfer carbon between the land and t...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, National Academy of Engineering, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Board
Across multiple domains of science, engineering, and medicine, excitement is growing about the potential of digital twins to transform scientific research, industrial practices, and many aspects of daily life. A digital twin couples computational mo...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Development of a Framework for Evaluating Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inf
Climate change, driven by increases in human-produced greenhouse gases and particles (collectively referred to as GHGs), is the most serious environmental issue facing society. The need to reduce GHGs has become urgent as heat waves, heavy rain even...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, April Melvin
Wildland fires pose a growing threat to air quality and human health. Fire is a natural part of many landscapes, but the extent of area burned and the severity of fires have been increasing, concurrent with human movement into previously uninhabited...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Polar Research Board, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
Sediments, ice, corals, and trees are just some of the natural storehouses of information that help tell the complicated history of Earths climate. Paleoclimate researchers use these proxies, in combination with numerical models, to gain understa...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Space Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Futu
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and other U.S. science research agencies operate a fleet of research aircraft and other airborne platforms that offer diverse capabilities. To inform NASAs future investments in airborne plat...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Policy and Global Affairs, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on De...
Climate change is creating impacts that are widespread and severe for individuals, communities, economies, and ecosystems around the world. While efforts to reduce emissions and adapt to climate impacts are the first line of defense, researchers ar...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee for the Review of the BOEM "Air Quality Modeling in the Gulf of Mexico" Study
Emissions associated with oil and gas exploration, development, and production on the Gulf waters can result in increased levels of air pollutants that contribute to a range of air quality impacts in the Gulf of Mexico Region (GOMR). Criteria air p...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Lauren Everett
Improved observations of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) and its interactions with the ocean, land, and ice surfaces have great potential to advance science on a number of fronts, from improving forecasts of severe storms and air quality to cons...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee to Review the Draft Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report
The second State of the Climate Cycle Report (SOCCR2) aims to elucidate the fundamental physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the carbon cycle and to discuss the challenges of accounting for all major carbon stocks and flows for the North...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Ocean Studies Board, Committee on Sustaining Ocean Observations to Understand Future Cha
The ocean is an integral component of the Earths climate system. It covers about 70 of the Earths surface and acts as its primary reservoir of heat and carbon, absorbing over 90 of the surplus heat and about 30 of the carbon dioxide associated...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee to Review the Draft Climate Science Special Report
The United States Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) is moving towards a sustained assessment process that allows for more fluid and consistent integration of scientific knowledge into the mandated quadrennial National Climate Assessment. As pa...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on the Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research
Our world is changing at an accelerating rate. The global human population has grown from 6.1 billion to 7.1 billion in the last 15 years and is projected to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the century. The distribution of humans across the globe h...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on the Evaluation of the Landscape
The United States tradition of conserving fish, wildlife, habitats, and cultural resources dates to the mid-19th century. States have long sought to manage fish and wildlife species within their borders, whereas many early federal conservation effo...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Environmental Change
The U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) was established in 1990 to assist the Nation and the world to understand, assess, predict, and respond to human-induced and natural processes of global change.1 A key responsibility for the program...Loe edasi...
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Committee on Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change Attribution
As climate has warmed over recent years, a new pattern of more frequent and more intense weather events has unfolded across the globe. Climate models simulate such changes in extreme events, and some of the reasons for the changes are well understoo...Loe edasi...
