List of Tables |
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4 | |
List of Figures |
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6 | |
Chapter 1: From Language Disability to Language Ability |
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7 | |
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Specific Language Impairment |
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11 | |
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14 | |
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Information Processing Speed |
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17 | |
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Working Memory/Cognitive Capacity |
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21 | |
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Baddeley's Working Memory Model |
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22 | |
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Connectionist Models of Language and Memory |
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26 | |
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Cognitive Capacity and Relational Complexity |
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31 | |
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Social, Developmental and Environmental Influences |
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|
35 | |
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39 | |
Chapter 2: The Children's Language Project |
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41 | |
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41 | |
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48 | |
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55 | |
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Description of Child Participants |
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|
56 | |
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Matched Sub-Sample Characteristics |
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|
60 | |
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Description of Adult Participants |
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|
61 | |
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63 | |
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63 | |
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Nonverbal Intelligence Test |
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|
65 | |
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Global Processing Speed Tasks |
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65 | |
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65 | |
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66 | |
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Word & Figure Memory Scanning Tasks |
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|
67 | |
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Cognitive Capacity and Working Memory Tasks |
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|
69 | |
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70 | |
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70 | |
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76 | |
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Auditory Temporal Processing Task |
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|
79 | |
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Social, Environmental and Developmental Factors – Parental Interview |
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|
80 | |
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|
85 | |
Chapter 3: The First Glance – Correlations Between Variables |
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88 | |
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Design and Data Screening |
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|
89 | |
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Whole Sample Relationships |
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|
90 | |
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Matched Sub-Sample Relationships |
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|
93 | |
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Correlational Results and Implications for Study Hypotheses |
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|
97 | |
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Discussion of Correlational Findings |
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|
99 | |
Chapter 4: Navigating the Terrain – Language Ability Group Comparisons |
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104 | |
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106 | |
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Description of the Language Ability Groups |
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|
107 | |
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Analysis of Variance Results for Between Group Analyses |
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|
108 | |
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Analysis of Covariance Results for Between Group Analyses |
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|
113 | |
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Analysis of Variance and Covariance Results for Within Group Analyses of the Memory Task |
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|
115 | |
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Discussion of Results and Implications for Hypotheses |
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|
118 | |
Chapter 5: Reading the Map – Analysis of Structural Relationships |
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124 | |
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Model Development and Hypotheses |
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127 | |
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133 | |
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134 | |
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136 | |
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137 | |
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The Global Processing Speed Hypothesis Model |
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|
140 | |
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The Cognitive Capacity Hypothesis Model |
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|
142 | |
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The Effects of Language Model |
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145 | |
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Discussion of Model Analysis Results and Implications for Hypotheses |
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|
148 | |
Chapter 6: The Whole Landscape — Discussion of Results, Conclusions, Implications and Future Directions |
|
152 | |
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Language Results and Criteria for SLI |
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|
153 | |
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Relationships between Variables |
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|
154 | |
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Nonverbal IQ and Language Ability |
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|
155 | |
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Language Ability and Cognitive, Perceptual and Developmental Variables |
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|
159 | |
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Tasks with Linguistic Processing Requirements |
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|
159 | |
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Direct and Mediated Effects from Social, Environmental and Developmental Factors |
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|
161 | |
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Structural Models of Language Ability |
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162 | |
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Structural Models and Verbal Working Memory |
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|
163 | |
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166 | |
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Limitations and Qualifications |
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|
173 | |
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Implications of the Study Findings and Future Directions |
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|
176 | |
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|
181 | |
References |
|
183 | |
Appendix: Descriptive Statistics and Additional Data and Analysis Information |
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202 | |