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Classroom Pivotal Response Teaching for Children with Autism [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 210 pages, kaal: 498 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Sep-2011
  • Kirjastus: Guilford Publications
  • ISBN-10: 1609182413
  • ISBN-13: 9781609182410
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 210 pages, kaal: 498 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Sep-2011
  • Kirjastus: Guilford Publications
  • ISBN-10: 1609182413
  • ISBN-13: 9781609182410
Teised raamatud teemal:
"Classroom Pivotal Response Teaching, or CPRT, was developed to help meet the educational needs of young children with autism. CPRT (originally called Pivotal Response Training or Treatment) is a form of naturalistic behavioral intervention, based on the principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA), and is soundly supported in the scientific literature. This manual will describe the components of CPRT and how to implement the approach in your classroom. Although this manual is geared primarily toward preschool through grade 3 teachers, CPRT strategies can be used by a variety of professionals. Speech and language pathologists, occupational therapists, behavior specialists, psychologists and other teaching professionals may all find CPRT a valuable strategy. Additionally, the techniques in this manual may be useful with typically developing children and those with a variety of special needs. Most children can benefit from this structured, systematic approach that utilizes naturally occurring teaching opportunities. One of the strengths of this approach is that it is adaptable to a wide range of teaching goals and service settings. All who teach are encouraged to integrate CPRT into their existing strategies as often as possible"--

Provided by publisher.

Arvustused

"Designed for and with educators, this book goes beyond just describing the components of CPRT; it includes many examples of practices linked to student goals and objectives and determined by data-based progress monitoring. It is an excellent guide for effective implementation of evidence-based classroom strategies based on applied behavior analysis. The troubleshooting strategies and the companion DVD-ROM are useful features. I recommend this book to all educators as an outstanding, user-friendly resource."--Laura J. Hall, PhD, Department of Special Education, San Diego State University

"The beauty of CPRT is its flexibility: these teaching procedures can be applied successfully to almost any learning goal, in virtually any setting. The approach maximizes students' attention and motivation for learning--regardless of their learning challenges--and its positivity is rewarding for both students and educators. The manual provides clear, concrete guidelines, forms, and sequences for those learning to use CPRT for the first time. Very few empirically supported autism interventions are applicable for both individuals and groups, making CPRT a unique and very promising tool for educators and therapists."--Sally J. Rogers, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and UC Davis MIND Institute, University of California, Davis

"The book is well organized, providing clear, systematic, and practical advice on designing classrooms for success. The numerous forms and data collection samples will save teachers many hours of preparation time and will lead to the rapid development of effective teaching environments. This book provides valuable tools for anyone seeking to utilize the data-based strategies embedded in CPRT."--Andy Bondy, PhD, Cofounder, Pyramid Educational Consultants, Newark, Delaware

"This book offers teachers a set of powerful instructional tools for use with children with autism. It translates an evidence-based model into a practical application that can be adapted for students with different needs. There is enough detail--many books for teachers about autism are too superficial--yet it is also nontechnical and digestible. The format is organized and easy to follow, and the examples of both appropriate and inappropriate applications of CPRT are crystal-clear and based on experience. In other words, this book is truly authentic! This will be a useful text for intervention methods courses and autism certificate programs. Students will benefit by learning how to use a developmentally friendly version of applied behavior analysis in daily classroom instruction, and how to collect data while doing so."--Rebecca J. Landa, PhD, Director, Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

"This 'must-have' resource illustrates how the evidence-based practice of CPRT can be implemented using naturalistic strategies for individual or group instruction. Eight clearly defined steps are described, from effectively gaining students' attention to rewarding their attempts to use new skills. The book provides superb examples of ways teachers can use their own creativity while maintaining the core principles of CPRT. It presents teaching strategies for academic skills as well as essential social, communication, and language skills--which must be prioritized in the IEPs of students with autism spectrum disorders--and includes useful forms and PowerPoints for planning, implementation, and progress monitoring."--Lisa Ruble, PhD, Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky

"The volume is clearly laid out and the material is presented in a fashion that makes it easy to understand and apply. This is a great resource for anyone seeking a better understanding of how CPRT was developed, why it is effective, and how to implement it. Including reproducible data collection sheets, sample scenarios, and a helpful DVD-ROM, this book provides everything you need for successfully using this research-based intervention in your classroom."--Stacia Collins, MEd, special education teacher, Reston, Virginia "Designed for and with educators, this book goes beyond just describing the components of CPRT; it includes many examples of practices linked to student goals and objectives and determined by data-based progress monitoring. It is an excellent guide for effective implementation of evidence-based classroom strategies based on applied behavior analysis. The troubleshooting strategies and the companion DVD-ROM are useful features. I recommend this book to all educators as an outstanding, user-friendly resource." - Laura J. Hall, San Diego State University, California, USA

"The beauty of CPRT is its flexibility: these teaching procedures can be applied successfully to almost any learning goal, in virtually any setting. The approach maximizes students' attention and motivation for learning regardless of their learning challenges and its positivity is rewarding for both students and educators. The manual provides clear, concrete guidelines, forms, and sequences for those learning to use CPRT for the first time. Very few empirically supported autism interventions are applicable for both individuals and groups, making CPRT a unique and very promising tool for educators and therapists." - Sally J. Rogers, University of California, USA

"Eight clearly defined steps are described, from effectively gaining students' attention to rewarding their attempts to use new skills. The book provides superb examples of ways teachers can use their own creativity while maintaining the core principles of CPRT. It presents teaching strategies for academic skills as well as essential social, communication, and language skills - which must be prioritized in the IEPs of students with autism spectrum disorders - and includes useful forms and PowerPoints for planning, implementation, and progress monitoring." - Lisa Ruble, University of Kentucky, USA

"This book is truly authentic! This will be a useful text for intervention methods courses and autism certificate programs. Students will benefit by learning how to use a developmentally friendly version of applied behavior analysis in daily classroom instruction, and how to collect data while doing so." - Rebecca J. Landa, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Maryland, USA, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA

"The book is well organized, providing clear, systematic, and practical advice on designing classrooms for success. The numerous forms and data collection samples will save teachers many hours of preparation time and will lead to the rapid development of effective teaching environments." - Andy Bondy, Pyramid Educational Consultants, Delaware, USA

How to Use This Manual 1(6)
What Is CPRT and Who Should Use This Approach?
1(1)
Features of the Manual
2(5)
Organization of the Manual
2(1)
Part I: Getting Started with CPRT
2(1)
Part II: Next Steps with CPRT
3(1)
Part III: Resources and Support
4(1)
Part IV: Reproducible Handouts
4(1)
Special Features
4(3)
PART I Getting Started with CPRT
7(48)
Chapter 1 Introduction to CPRT
9(9)
What Is Autism?
10(1)
How CPRT Is Used to Teach Children with Autism
11(2)
Why Should I Use CPRT in My Classroom?
13(1)
What Skills Can I Teach Using CPRT?
14(1)
What Activities or Materials Can Be Used in CPRT?
15(1)
When Should I Use CPRT?
16(1)
When CPRT Isn't the Best Choice
16(1)
Chapter Summary
17(1)
Chapter 2 Laying the Foundation for CPRT
18(15)
Learning Your ABCs: The Pattern of Behavior
19(2)
Antecedents
21(3)
Using Verbal Cues
21(1)
Using Nonverbal Cues
22(1)
Hierarchy of Opportunities to Respond
23(1)
Behavior
24(3)
Appropriate Response
25(1)
Reasonable Attempts at Appropriate Responding
25(1)
Inappropriate Response
26(1)
Incorrect Response
26(1)
Consequences
27(2)
Consequences That Increase Behavior
27(1)
Consequences That Decrease Behavior
27(1)
Important Points to Remember about Consequences
28(1)
What ABA Is Not
29(2)
How ABA Relates to CPRT
31(1)
Preparing to Use CPRT
31(1)
Chapter Summary
31(2)
Chapter 3 Components of CPRT: Using CPRT with Individual Students
33(22)
Set the Stage: Antecedent Strategies
34(1)
Component 1 Student Attention
34(4)
Component 2 Clear and Appropriate Instruction
38(2)
Component 3 Easy and Difficult Tasks (Maintenance/Acquisition)
40(1)
Component 4 Shared Control (Student Choice/Turn Taking)
41(3)
Component 5 Multiple Cues (Broadening Attention)
44(3)
Watch What Happens: Student Behavior
47(1)
React: Consequence Strategies
47(2)
Component 6 Direct Reinforcement
49(1)
Component 7 Contingent Consequence (Immediate and Appropriate)
50(2)
Component 8 Reinforcement of Attempts
52(1)
Chapter Summary
53(2)
PART II Next Steps with CPRT
55(74)
Chapter 4 Group Instruction with CPRT
57(12)
Component 1 Student Attention
58(2)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
58(1)
Group Instruction
59(1)
Component 2 Clear and Appropriate Instruction
60(2)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
60(1)
Group Instruction
61(1)
Component 3 Easy and Difficult Tasks (Maintenance/Acquisition)
62(1)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
62(1)
Group Instruction
63(1)
Component 4 Shared Control (Student Choice/Turn Taking)
63(2)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
63(1)
Group Instruction
64(1)
Component 5 Multiple Cues (Broadening Attention)
65(1)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
65(1)
Group Instruction
66(1)
Component 6 Direct Reinforcement
66(1)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
66(1)
Group Instruction
67(1)
Component 7 Contingent Consequence (Immediate and Appropriate)
67(1)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
67(1)
Group Instruction
67(1)
Component 8 Reinforcement of Attempts
68(1)
Targeting Individuals within a Group
68(1)
Group Instruction
68(1)
Chapter Summary
68(1)
Chapter 5 Meeting Individual Goals Using CPRT
69(30)
Addressing IEP and Curriculum Goals Using CPRT
70(10)
Writing IEP Goals
70(1)
Implementing IEP Goals and Addressing Curriculum Areas
71(9)
Communication Skills
80(1)
Where to Begin
80(1)
When to Teach
80(1)
How to Move Forward
81(1)
Object Play Skills
81(5)
Where to Begin
81(4)
When to Teach
85(1)
How to Move Forward
86(1)
Social Interaction Skills
86(6)
Where to Begin
86(5)
When to Teach
91(1)
How to Move Forward
91(1)
Academic Skills
92(4)
Where to Begin
92(3)
When to Teach
95(1)
How to Move Forward
96(1)
Chapter Summary
96(3)
Chapter 6 Integrating CPRT into Your Classroom
99(30)
Using CPRT with School-Based Standards
100(1)
Using CPRT with Other Curricula
100(1)
Using CPRT with Classroom Themes
100(1)
Integrating CPRT with Other Intervention Strategies
100(4)
Maintaining Fidelity of Implementation
101(1)
Interventions Compatible with CPRT
101(1)
How to Integrate Multiple Interventions
102(2)
Identifying Motivating Materials
104(5)
Gathering Information
104(1)
Conducting a Preference Assessment
104(5)
Collecting Data during CPRT
109(11)
Getting Started
109(1)
Data Collection Sheets
109(11)
Using CPRT to Encourage Generalization
120(5)
Troubleshooting
125(4)
PART III Resources and Support
129(22)
Chapter 7 Training Paraprofessionals
131(9)
The Training Process
131(5)
Step 1 Have the Paraprofessional View Instructional Videos
132(1)
Step 2 Model CPRT
133(1)
Step 3 Observe, Assess, and Provide Feedback
133(3)
Step 4 Refer the Paraprofessional to the CPRT Component Summary Sheets
136(1)
Assessing Implementation of CPRT
136(1)
Using the CPRT Assessment and CPRT Feedback Forms
137(1)
Maintaining and Improving Skills
137(2)
Chapter Summary
139(1)
Chapter 8 Parents as Partners: Sharing CPRT with Parents and Caregivers
140(4)
Reasons for Involving Parents as Partners
140(1)
Supporting Parents' Involvement
141(2)
Step 1 Provide Parents with CPRT in the Classroom Handout
142(1)
Step 2 Provide Parents with CPRT at Home Handout
142(1)
Step 3 Utilize the CPRT Update Forms to Share Information
143(1)
Chapter Summary
143(1)
Chapter 9 Scientific Support for CPRT
144(7)
History of CPRT
145(1)
PRT Research
145(4)
Teaching Communication Using PRT
146(1)
Teaching Joint Attention Using PRT
146(1)
Teaching Play Skills Using PRT
147(1)
Teaching Peer Social Interaction Using PRT
147(1)
Using PRT to Improve Homework Skills
147(1)
Adapting PRT for Use in the Classroom
148(1)
Chapter Summary
149(2)
PART IV Reproducible Handouts
151(46)
Glossary 197(2)
Suggested Readings 199(6)
Index 205(5)
How to Use the CPRT DVD-ROM 210
Aubyn C. Stahmer, PhD, is Research Scientist at the Child and Adolescent Services Research Center (CASRC); Associate Project Scientist in the Department of Psychology at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD); and Research Director at Rady Childrens Hospital Autism Discovery Institute. She has over 20 years of experience in working with children with autism and using Pivotal Response Training (PRT). A major goal of her research has been to examine educational services for young children with autism in order to inform the translation of evidence- based practice into community settings. Dr. Stahmer has extensive experience with training teachers in behavioral and developmental techniques, and with developing clinically relevant ongoing program fidelity-of-implementation procedures. Jessica Suhrheinrich, PhD, is a postdoctoral researcher at UCSD and CASRC. She is an experienced PRT trainer. Her primary area of research interest involves examining the use of PRT by classroom teachers and the best methods of training teachers to use PRT in the classroom. Before beginning graduate school, Dr. Suhrheinrich was a classroom teacher. Sarah Reed, MA, is a doctoral student in the UCSD Autism Intervention Research Program. Her graduate research focuses on the implementation of evidence-based treatments in community environments and on optimal ways to translate intervention research across service delivery settings. Her primary research interest involves continuing to examine the effectiveness of PRT with groups of students. Ms. Reed has extensive experience in implementing naturalistic behavioral interventions with children with autism, as well as in providing training to parents, clinicians, and students in these methods.

Laura Schreibman, PhD, is Distinguished Professor of Psychology at UCSD. For the past 40 years, she has conducted research examining intervention methods for children with autism. She is one of the developers of PRT, and is an author of numerous peer-reviewed publications examining the efficacy of this intervention. Dr. Schreibman is also the author of three books on autism. She has experience in the development of behavioral assessment measures of fidelity of implementation, as well as in treatment adaptation. Cynthia Bolduc, MA, has been teaching children in special education for 10 years and specifically serving children with autism for 7 years. She is trained in several evidence-based techniques used with this population, including PRT. Ms. Bolduc uses PRT in her program as part of an eclectic set of interventions.