Preface |
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xvii | |
Table of Cases |
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xix | |
Table of UK and International Legislation |
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xliii | |
Table of Statutory Instruments |
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lx | |
Table of Decisions, Directives, Regulations, Treaties and Conventions |
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lxii | |
Part 1 General Introduction |
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1 | (48) |
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1 Introducing Constitutional Law |
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3 | (27) |
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4 | (12) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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Classifying Constitutions |
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8 | (6) |
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The Concept of Constitutionalism |
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14 | (2) |
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Part B: A Very Little History |
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16 | (7) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (2) |
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Part C: The United Kingdom |
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23 | (7) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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The United Kingdom and the Commonwealth |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (2) |
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2 Sources of the Constitution |
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30 | (19) |
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30 | (1) |
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Definitional Difficulties |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (6) |
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Non-Legal Sources of the Constitution |
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38 | (9) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
Part 2 Fundamental Constitutional Concepts |
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49 | (104) |
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51 | (28) |
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52 | (1) |
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Contrasting Attitudes to the Rule of Law |
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52 | (2) |
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Uncertainty in the Western Rule of Law |
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54 | (1) |
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Natural Law and the Rule of Law |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (2) |
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Law and Order: The Obligation to Obey Law |
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59 | (3) |
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Marxism and the Rule of Law |
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62 | (1) |
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Dicey and the Rule of Law |
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63 | (4) |
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Fuller and the Rule of Law |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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Dworkin and the Rule of Law |
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69 | (1) |
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Bingham and the Rule of Law |
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69 | (2) |
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The Rule of Law and the Legal System |
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71 | (6) |
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The Rule of Law in International Dimension |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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4 The Separation of Powers |
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79 | (18) |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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The Contemporary Doctrine |
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81 | (1) |
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Defining the Institutions |
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82 | (1) |
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The Office of Lord Chancellor |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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The Relationship Between Executive and Legislature; Legislature and Judiciary; Executive and Judiciary |
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84 | (11) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (24) |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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The Prerogative Before 1688 |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (1) |
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The Prerogative Illustrated |
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102 | (1) |
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The Prerogative and Domestic Affairs |
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103 | (1) |
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Appointment of Prime Minister |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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Defence and National Security |
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105 | (1) |
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Issuing, Refusal or Withdrawal of Passports |
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106 | (1) |
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The Protective Jurisdiction of the Courts in Relation to Minors |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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Power to Establish Non-Statutory Agencies |
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108 | (1) |
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Regulation of the Civil Service |
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109 | (1) |
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Regulation of the Armed Forces |
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109 | (2) |
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Royal Fish and Swans and Treasure Trove |
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111 | (1) |
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The Prerogative and Foreign Affairs |
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111 | (4) |
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Judicial Control of the Prerogative |
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115 | (4) |
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Political Control of the Prerogative |
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119 | (1) |
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Reform of the Prerogative? |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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6 Parliamentary Sovereignty |
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121 | (32) |
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122 | (1) |
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Legal and Political Sovereignty |
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122 | (2) |
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Sovereignty and Written Constitutions |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (12) |
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Alternative Views on Sovereignty |
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138 | (3) |
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Parliamentary Sovereignty and the European Union during UK Membership |
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141 | (3) |
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Devolution and the Human Rights Act |
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144 | (2) |
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The Emergence of the 'Constitutional Statute' |
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146 | (2) |
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Shared, or Bi-Polar, Sovereignty? |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (2) |
Part 3 The European Union |
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153 | (70) |
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153 | (2) |
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7 Structures and Institutions of the European Union |
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155 | (41) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (3) |
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Evolution of the European Union |
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160 | (5) |
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The Institutions of the European Union |
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165 | (15) |
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180 | (1) |
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Direct Applicability and Direct Effect |
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181 | (10) |
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Understanding Human Rights in Europe |
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191 | (3) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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8 European Union Law and National Law |
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196 | (27) |
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197 | (1) |
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The Interaction Between National Courts and the Court of Justice of the EU |
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197 | (3) |
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The Question of Legal Supremacy |
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200 | (2) |
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The Reception of EU Law into the United Kingdom from 1973 |
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202 | (6) |
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'Brexit': The UK's Withdrawal from the EU |
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208 | (5) |
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213 | (3) |
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The Withdrawal Agreement and Political Declaration |
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216 | (4) |
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The Political Declaration |
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220 | (1) |
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Preparing fora 'No Deal' Brexit |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
Part 4 Central, Regional And Local Government |
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223 | (74) |
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225 | (20) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (2) |
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The Channels of Communication Between Crown and Government |
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228 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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Functions of the Privy Council |
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229 | (1) |
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The Office of Prime Minister |
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230 | (4) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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Appointment and Management |
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236 | (1) |
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Constitutional Principles and the Civil Service |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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The Government and the Courts |
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238 | (6) |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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10 Ministerial Responsibility |
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245 | (14) |
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245 | (1) |
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Collective Cabinet Responsibility |
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246 | (3) |
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Individual Ministerial Responsibility |
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249 | (4) |
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The Morality of Public Office |
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253 | (1) |
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Individual Responsibility for Personal Conduct |
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254 | (4) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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11 Devolution and Local Government |
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259 | (38) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (7) |
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268 | (8) |
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276 | (4) |
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Regulating Relations Between the Nations |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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London: The Greater London Authority and Mayor |
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282 | (3) |
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Local Government: An Outline |
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285 | (9) |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (3) |
Part 5 Parliament |
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297 | (138) |
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299 | (26) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (5) |
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306 | (1) |
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Initiating the Election Process |
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307 | (2) |
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The Conduct of Election Campaigns |
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309 | (2) |
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Broadcasting and Elections |
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311 | (1) |
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311 | (2) |
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313 | (4) |
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317 | (1) |
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Reform of the Voting System |
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318 | (3) |
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The Case For and Against Reforming the Simple Majority System |
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321 | (3) |
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324 | (1) |
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324 | (1) |
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13 Introduction to the House of Commons |
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325 | (12) |
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326 | (1) |
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The Functions of Parliament |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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Summoning, Adjournment, Prorogation and Dissolution |
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327 | (2) |
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The Organisation of Business |
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329 | (1) |
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Personnel of the House of Commons |
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329 | (2) |
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331 | (2) |
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Government and Opposition |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (1) |
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Parliamentary Publications and Papers |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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14 The Legislative Process |
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337 | (19) |
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338 | (1) |
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The United Kingdom Parliament and Devolution |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (7) |
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345 | (1) |
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345 | (3) |
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348 | (4) |
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Scrutiny of Legislation by the House of Lords |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (1) |
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Parliament and European Union Legislation during the UK's Membership of the EU |
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354 | (1) |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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15 Scrutiny of the Executive |
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356 | (27) |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (3) |
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360 | (1) |
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Daily Adjournment Debates |
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360 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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Select Committees of the House of Commons |
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362 | (6) |
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Public Inquiries into the Conduct of Government |
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368 | (4) |
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Government Openness and Government Secrecy |
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372 | (1) |
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The Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FoIA) |
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373 | (4) |
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Scrutiny of National Finance |
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377 | (4) |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (2) |
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383 | (23) |
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384 | (1) |
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The Composition of the House of Lords |
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385 | (5) |
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390 | (1) |
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The Scrutiny of Legislation |
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391 | (1) |
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The Amendment of Legislation |
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392 | (2) |
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The Balance of Power Between the House of Lords and the House of Commons |
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394 | (4) |
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Select Committees in the House of Lords |
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398 | (1) |
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Members' Interests in the House of Lords |
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399 | (1) |
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Reform of the House of Lords |
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400 | (4) |
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404 | (1) |
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405 | (1) |
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17 Parliamentary Privilege |
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406 | (29) |
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406 | (2) |
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408 | (1) |
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The Current Scope and Role of Privilege |
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409 | (11) |
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Members' Interests and Members' Independence |
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420 | (10) |
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Publication of Parliamentary Proceedings |
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430 | (3) |
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433 | (1) |
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433 | (2) |
Part 6 The Individual And The State |
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435 | (116) |
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18 The Protection of Human Rights |
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437 | (28) |
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438 | (1) |
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The Emergence of the Constitutional Protection of Rights |
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438 | (1) |
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Part A: The European Convention On Human Rights And Fundamental Freedoms |
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439 | (5) |
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Part B: The Human Rights Act 1998 |
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444 | (18) |
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Towards a Bill of Rights? |
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462 | (1) |
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463 | (1) |
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464 | (1) |
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19 Freedom of Expression and Privacy |
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465 | (30) |
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466 | (1) |
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466 | (1) |
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Freedom of Expression and the Human Rights Act |
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466 | (3) |
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Restrictions on Freedom of Expression |
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469 | (13) |
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482 | (6) |
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GDPR and Data Protection Act 2018 |
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488 | (4) |
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Press Freedom and Privacy |
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492 | (2) |
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494 | (1) |
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494 | (1) |
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20 Freedom of Association and Assembly |
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495 | (18) |
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495 | (1) |
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496 | (1) |
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497 | (1) |
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Indirect Restrictions on Freedom of Assembly |
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497 | (4) |
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501 | (11) |
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512 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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513 | (38) |
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514 | (1) |
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515 | (7) |
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Interception of Communications and Communications Data |
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522 | (1) |
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The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 |
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522 | (2) |
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The Investigatory Powers Tribunal |
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524 | (1) |
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Parliamentary Scrutiny of the Security Services |
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525 | (1) |
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526 | (5) |
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531 | (1) |
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532 | (13) |
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The Special Immigration Appeals Commission |
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545 | (3) |
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548 | (1) |
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549 | (2) |
Part 7 Judges And The Legal System |
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551 | (34) |
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22 Judges and the English Legal System |
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553 | (32) |
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554 | (1) |
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555 | (15) |
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The Constitutional Role of Judges |
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555 | (2) |
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557 | (1) |
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558 | (5) |
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A Diverse and Representative Judiciary? |
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563 | (4) |
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567 | (3) |
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Part B: The English Legal System |
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570 | (17) |
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The Principle of Open Justice |
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570 | (3) |
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573 | (1) |
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574 | (1) |
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Statutory Interpretation: An Introduction |
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575 | (4) |
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The Doctrine of Precedent |
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579 | (4) |
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583 | (1) |
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|
584 | (1) |
Part 8 Administrative Law |
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585 | (138) |
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23 Judicial Review: Introduction, Jurisdiction and Procedure |
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|
587 | (36) |
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588 | (2) |
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Judicial Review and the Human Rights Act 1998 |
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590 | (1) |
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The Growth in Public Administration |
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591 | (2) |
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The Courts' Interpretation of Public Bodies |
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593 | (3) |
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The Basis for Judicial Review |
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596 | (2) |
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Standing to Apply for Judicial Review |
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598 | (4) |
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The Existence of Alternative Remedies |
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602 | (1) |
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A Matter of Public - Not Private - Law |
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603 | (5) |
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Limitations on Judicial Review |
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608 | (10) |
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618 | (2) |
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620 | (1) |
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621 | (1) |
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621 | (2) |
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24 Grounds for Judicial Review I: The Substantive Grounds for Judicial Review |
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623 | (34) |
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623 | (1) |
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The Traditional Doctrine of Ultra Vires |
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624 | (1) |
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The Constitutional Basis for Judicial Review |
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625 | (3) |
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628 | (16) |
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Irrationality: Wednesbury Unreasonableness |
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644 | (3) |
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The Doctrine of Proportionality |
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647 | (8) |
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655 | (1) |
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655 | (2) |
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25 Grounds for Judicial Review II: Procedural Impropriety |
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657 | (24) |
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658 | (1) |
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Procedural Impropriety Under Statute |
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658 | (2) |
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Breach of Natural Justice |
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660 | (1) |
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The Rule Against Bias: Nemo Iudex in Causa Sua |
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661 | (4) |
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The Right to a Fair Hearing: Audi Alteram Partem |
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665 | (5) |
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670 | (5) |
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The Concept of Legitimate Expectations |
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675 | (4) |
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679 | (1) |
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679 | (2) |
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26 Tribunals and Inquiries |
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681 | (20) |
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682 | (10) |
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682 | (1) |
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683 | (1) |
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684 | (7) |
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691 | (1) |
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691 | (1) |
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692 | (9) |
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692 | (1) |
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693 | (1) |
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694 | (1) |
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695 | (5) |
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700 | (1) |
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|
700 | (1) |
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27 Commissioners for Administration: Ombudsmen |
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701 | (22) |
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702 | (1) |
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Commissioners for Administration in the United Kingdom |
|
|
702 | (1) |
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The Parliamentary and Health Services Ombudsman |
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|
703 | (15) |
|
Ombudsmen for Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales |
|
|
718 | (1) |
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Local Government Ombudsmen |
|
|
719 | (1) |
|
The Information Commissioner |
|
|
720 | (1) |
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The Legal Services Ombudsman |
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720 | (1) |
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721 | (1) |
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The European Union Ombudsman |
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|
721 | (1) |
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Reforming the Ombudsman Service |
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|
721 | (1) |
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|
722 | (1) |
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|
722 | (1) |
Bibliography |
|
723 | (21) |
Index |
|
744 | |