Crime Mapping Case Studies: From Research to Practice provides a series of key examples from practice and research that demonstrate applications of crime mapping and its effect in many areas of policing and crime reduction. This book brings together case studies that show how crime mapping can be used for analysis, intelligence development, monitoring performance, and crime detection and is written by practitioners for practitioners. Leading researchers in the field describe how crime mapping is developing and exposing analytical methodologies and critiquing current practices. Including global case studies that demonstrate a particular application, analytical technique or new theoretical concept, this text offers a truly global overview of this rapidly growing area of interest. Unlike other texts on this topic, this book identifies mistakes and challenges in this field of enquiry to aid the reader in understanding the basics of this technique, giving them the opportunity to learn further.
List of contributors. Preface. Part I Developing crime mapping. 1
Developing geographical information systems and crime mapping tools in New
Zealand (Andy Gilmour and Jill Barclay). 1.1 The starting point. 1.2
Developing a web-based GIS solution for New Zealand Police. 1.3 Building on
the map-based analytical policing system (MAPS). 2 An analytical technique
for addressing geographical referencing difficulties and monitoring crimes in
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Ana Paula Mendes de Miranda and Marcus Ferreira).
2.1 Introduction - developments in crime analysis in Rio de Janeiro. 2.2
Analysis by space-time monitoring cells. 2.3 Identifying crime patterns using
paper maps. 2.4 Identifying crime patterns in Rio de Janeiro using GIS and
digital cartographic base maps. 2.5 Crime analyses on bus routes in Rio de
Janeiro. 2.6 Conclusions. 2.7 References. 3 Methods for implementing crime
mapping within a large law enforcement agency: experiences from Victoria,
Australia (Timothy Mashford). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 A phased plan for
development and delivery. 3.3 Progress to date. 3.4 Crime mapping projects -
some examples. 3.5 Conclusions. 3.6 Reference. 4 Automating briefings for
police officers (Tom Casady). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Automating crime mapping
outputs in Lincoln Police Department. 4.3 Developing the automation of tasks
in Lincoln. 4.4 Automating crime mapping in your agency. Part II Geographical
investigative analysis. 5 Geographic profiling analysis: principles, methods
and applications (D. Kim Rossmo and Lorie Velarde). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 The
theoretical principles behind geographic profiling. 5.3 Geographic profiling
methodology. 5.4 Applying geographic profiling to 'volume' crime: the Irvine
Chair burglaries. 5.5 Measuring the effects of geographic profiling in
Irvine. 5.6 References. 6 Geographic profiling in an operational setting: the
challenges and practical considerations, with reference to a series of sexual
assaults in Bath, England (Clare Daniell). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Applying
geographic profiling to a series of indecent assaults in Bath, England. 6.3
Offender geography. 6.4 Operational versus academic geographic profiling. 6.5
Conclusions. 6.6 References. 7 The Hammer Gang: an exercise in the spatial
analysis of an armed robbery series using the probability grid method (Chris
Overall and Gregory Day). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Background. 7.3 Mapping the
data and getting the picture. 7.4 Predicting the next offence location. 7.5
Results. 7.6 Issues in application of the probability grid method. 7.7
Conclusions. 7.8 Acknowledgements. 7.9 References. 8 'Rolling the Dice': the
arrest of Roosevelt Erving in Lincoln, Nebraska (Tom Casady). 8.1
Introduction. 8.2 Erving's series of bank robberies. 8.3 Analysing Erving's
series. 8.4 Project 'Rolling the Dice'. 8.5 The crucial role of geographical
analysis. Part III Neighbourhood analysis. 9 The strategic allocation of
resources to effectively implement Neighbourhood Policing and the Community
Safety Plan (Alice O'Neill). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Alternative resource
allocation model. 9.3 What were the results, outcome and issues? 9.4 The
future. 9.5 Reference. 10 Priority neighbourhoods and the Vulnerable
Localities Index in Wigan - a strategic partnership approach to crime
reduction (Ian Bullen). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 An alternative Vulnerable
Localities Index. 10.3 Vulnerable localities in Wigan. 10.4 Using the
Vulnerable Localities Index to help understand offending patterns. 10.5
Developing the Vulnerable Localities Index to support urban regeneration and
Neighbourhood Policing. 10.6 Acknowledgement. 10.7 References. 11 Reducing
re-offending in local communities: geographical information system based
strategic analysis of Greater Manchester's offenders (David Ottiwell). 11.1
Context and introduction. 11.2 Implementation, testing and analysis. 11.3
Results, outcomes and issues. 11.4 References. Part IV Integrating visual
audits and survey data into crime mapping. 12 Community Safety Mapping Online
System: mapping reassurance using survey data (Steven Rose). 12.1
Introduction. 12.2 Community Safety Mapping Online System (COSMOS). 12.3
Measuring reassurance. 12.4 Environmental visual audit (EVA). 12.5 Practical
use of results. 12.6 Evaluation and next steps. 12.7 References. 13 Mapping
the fear of crime - a micro-approach in Merton, London (Chris Williams). 13.1
Introduction. 13.2 Process. 13.3 Methodology. 13.4 Results. 13.5
Methodological applications and considerations. 13.6 References. 14
NightVision - visual auditing of night-time economy related incidents in Bath
and North-East Somerset (Jon Poole). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Project design
and implementation. 14.3 Methodological considerations. 14.4 Findings from
the NightVision surveys. 14.5 Generating action. 14.6 Conclusions. 14.7
Reference. Part V New techniques. 15 The near-repeat burglary phenomenon
(Derek Johnson). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Near repeats in Bournemouth. 15.3 A
methodology for analysis and action. 15.4 Delivering a near-repeat
intervention. 15.5 The impact. 15.6 Conclusions. 15.7 References. 16
Simulating crime to inform theory and practice (Elizabeth Groff). 16.1
Introduction. 16.2 Agent-based modelling. 16.3 Creating a theoretically based
simulation model to test routine activity theory. 16.4 Findings and
significance of the research - comparing a simulated environment to the
principles of routine activity theory. 16.5 Comparing a simulated crime
environment to reality. 16.6 Implications for practice. 16.7 References. 17 A
crime mapping technique for assessing vulnerable targets for terrorism in
local communities (Rachel Boba). 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Assessing target
vulnerabilities: two components. 17.3 Assessing target vulnerabilities: a
hypothetical case study. 17.4 Considerations. 17.5 References. 18 Interactive
Offender Profiling System (IOPS) (David Canter and Donna Youngs). 18.1
Introduction. 18.2 An integrated operational system. 18.3 The potential of
the interactive offender profiling system. 18.4 Acknowledgement. 18.5
References. Index.
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