| Acknowledgements |
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xi | |
| Introduction |
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1 | (14) |
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The argument and composition of this book |
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1 | (1) |
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Immediate background for writing |
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2 | (2) |
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The irrelevancy of criminology: itself an excluded? |
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4 | (2) |
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Witnessing enlightenment: mediated visuality, the normal and the exceptional |
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6 | (9) |
| Chapter 1: September 11, Sovereignty and the Invasion of 'Civilised Space' |
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15 | (24) |
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Prologue, the demands of surprise |
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15 | (1) |
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Hobbes's paradigm of modernity: civilised space, territorial space... |
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16 | (5) |
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A paradigm in pieces, analysis...or the chorus to new acts of power? |
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21 | (1) |
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Objects, objectivity and nothingness |
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22 | (4) |
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Geography and experiencing the events: symbolic and real |
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26 | (2) |
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Visualising the new globalisation? |
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28 | (3) |
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The discursive co-ordinates of locality within globalism...crime, war and the need for sovereign guarantees of meaning |
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31 | (2) |
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Reasserting sovereignty: beyond civilised space? |
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33 | (3) |
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The language of double standards |
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36 | (3) |
| Chapter 2: Relating Visions: Patterns of Integration and Absences |
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39 | (22) |
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Organising a discursive tradition: presence and absence |
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39 | (3) |
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The challenge of modern social theory |
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42 | (1) |
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Criminological theory and its unifying sense of mission |
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43 | (3) |
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Does criminology without metanarratives have a history? Does it need one? |
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46 | (1) |
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Assessing the operational basis of modern criminology |
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46 | (2) |
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The history of the present: still in the grip of positivist vision? |
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48 | (3) |
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Describing the particularity of criminology: the visible and the excluded |
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51 | (1) |
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Criminology and the governmental project: the signification of civilised space |
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52 | (4) |
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Registering criminological apartheid? |
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56 | (5) |
| Chapter 3: Criminal Statistics, Sovereignty and the Control of Death: Representations from Quetelet to Auschwitz |
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61 | (38) |
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Part I: Statistics: the measuring of crime and the power of the nation-slate |
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61 | (26) |
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Quetelet, moving from individual consideration to aggregate social laws: the first criminologist of bio-power? |
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63 | (5) |
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Observation of the visible and aggregation of the visible and invisible |
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68 | (2) |
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The particularity of 'criminal statistics' and the rise of the dark figure |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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Quetelet's metaphysic of science and progress |
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72 | (1) |
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Excursus: can criminological texts cope with attempts at a 'law of social development'? |
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73 | (4) |
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To return to bio-power: from the law of the bell curve to genocide? |
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77 | (10) |
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Part II: Criminal statistics outside of the nation-state: acknowledging genocide' |
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87 | (12) |
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Genocide: definition and controversies |
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90 | (2) |
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International criminal statistics? |
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92 | (7) |
| Chapter 4: The Lombrosian Moment: Bridging the Visible and the Invisible, or Restricting the Gaze in the Name of Progress? |
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99 | (40) |
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Part I: Visualising criminality |
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99 | (20) |
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The mainstream story of visualising the criminal body: an intellectual revolution? |
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102 | (17) |
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Part II: Excursus: on photography and typologising |
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119 | (13) |
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Part III: Reconciling Darwin and Lombroso |
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132 | (7) |
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Historical recall: a failure in the civilising process or genocide? |
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134 | (5) |
| Chapter 5: Civilising the Congo, Which Story, Whose Truth: Wherewith Criminology? |
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139 | (38) |
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Part I: Leopold II and the civilising of the Congo |
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139 | (28) |
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Introduction: visualising a terrain |
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140 | (4) |
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Stanley: from a bastard birth to burial in Westminster Abbey |
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144 | (5) |
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The Berlin conference 1884-5 |
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149 | (4) |
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The Lkopoldian system: state concessions and monopolies, forced labour and atrocity |
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153 | (14) |
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Part II: Heart of Darkness: a metaphor for the relationship between criminology and global imagination? |
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167 | (112) |
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Heart of Darkness: a mere work of literature? |
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167 | (1) |
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Voyage into the Heart of Darkness: a complex criminology? |
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168 | (2) |
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The inside and the outside: the centre and the periphery |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (6) |
| Chapter 6: 'A Living Lesson in the Museum of Order': The Case of the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Brussels |
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177 | (36) |
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Introduction: contemporary civilised space, exercising and expunging the power of normalisation |
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177 | (1) |
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The normalcy of contemporary Brussels |
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178 | (6) |
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The Royal Museum for Central Africa at Tervuren |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (1) |
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Identification with the symbolic order through routinisation of the ritual |
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189 | (3) |
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Visiting experience 2003: the visible of the museum |
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192 | (4) |
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Placement by institutional history |
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196 | (2) |
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Policing and the creation of civilised space |
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198 | (4) |
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The spectacle of seduction |
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202 | (3) |
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205 | (1) |
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Appendix: Contrasting imagery: the battle over truth |
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206 | (7) |
| Chapter 7: Contingencies of Encounter, Crime and Punishment: On the Purposeful Avoidance of 'Global Criminology' |
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213 | (36) |
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Competing bars: competing judgements? |
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214 | (1) |
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Why did Nuremberg not move criminology beyond the nation-state? |
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214 | (3) |
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The rule of law and the ambiguous use of the concept of conspiracy |
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217 | (2) |
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Locating the Holocaust: uniqueness and symbol |
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219 | (3) |
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The battle of Omdurman: control of the symbolic and killing at a distance |
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222 | (6) |
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Excursus: the destruction of territorial security: the case of China |
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228 | (5) |
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Western Imperialism: the avoided factor at the Tokyo trials? |
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233 | (1) |
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Benin 1897: a celebrated punitive expedition |
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233 | (3) |
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236 | (3) |
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239 | (3) |
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Namibia: a successful German colonial genocide and prelude to the Holocaust? |
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242 | (4) |
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An alternative explanation for the impossibility of law and criminology? |
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246 | (3) |
| Chapter 8: A Reflected Gaze of Humanity: Reflections on Vision, Memory and Genocide |
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249 | (30) |
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249 | (2) |
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Preventing vision: the closed world of the camp |
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251 | (2) |
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Crossing the boundaries of the ordinary and the genocidal: Browning, Goldhagen and Reserve Police Battalion 101 |
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253 | (12) |
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Nanjing and Japanese atrocities: the forgotten cruelty of a supposed comparative work |
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265 | (3) |
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The existential moment, turning the ordinary into the exceptional |
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268 | (3) |
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Contingencies of seeing: between pornography and common humanity |
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271 | (8) |
| Chapter 9: Teaching the Significance of Genocide and Our Indifference: The Liberation War Museum, Dhaka, Bangladesh |
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279 | (30) |
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Part I: Representation and locality |
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279 | (22) |
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Genocide: institutional memory and post-memory |
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284 | (2) |
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286 | (5) |
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291 | (10) |
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Part II: Identity and encountering reality, past and future intervention |
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301 | (8) |
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302 | (7) |
| Chapter 10: Enlightenment, Wedding Guests and Terror: The Exceptional and the Normal Revisited |
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309 | (18) |
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Enlightenment: modern style |
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310 | (1) |
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Wedding parties: ambivalent guests |
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311 | (4) |
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Knowing and the return of the repressed: the seduction of imperialist imagery [ 1] |
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315 | (3) |
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Controlling language: situating war – national or global?: the seduction of imperialist imagery [ 2] |
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318 | (2) |
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The task: to build coherent criminological language in the shadow of empire? |
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320 | (7) |
| Notes |
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327 | (50) |
| References |
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377 | (28) |
| Index |
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405 | |
