Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Crystallography of Modular Materials [Kõva köide]

(, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy), (, Faculty of Mathematical Physical and Natural Sciences, University of Turin, Italy), (, Mineralogy Department of the Geological Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark)
Ferraris (crystallography, University of Turin, Italy) offers a comprehensive treatment of theories and applications in the field. The representation of complex modules as the basis for a systematic description of polytypes and homologous/polysomatic series is applied to the modeling of unknown structures and the understanding of nanoscale defects and intergrowths in materials. The order/disorder theory is covered and its role in developing a systematic theory of polytypism is explored, and the theory of twinning at both the unit-cell and micro scales is examined. The book is intended for researchers in the field of crystalline materials. Parts of the book can be integrated into undergraduate solid state courses. Annotation ©2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This is the first book to provide a comprehensive treatment of theories and applications in the rapidly expanding field of the crystallography of molecular materials. Molecules are the natural modules from which molecular crystalline structures are built. Most inorganic structures, however are infinite arrays of atoms and some kinds of surrogate modules, e.g. coordination polyhedra, are usually used to describe them. In recent years, the attention has been focused on complex modules as the basis for a systematic description of polytypes and homologous/polysomatic series (modular structures). This representation is applied to the modeling of unknown structures and understanding nanoscale defects and intergrowths in materials. He Order/Disorder (OD) theory is fundamental to developing a systematic theory of polytypism, dealing with those structures based on both ordered and disordered stacking of one or more layers. Twinning at both unit-cell and micro-scale, together with disorder, causes many problems, "demons", for computer-based methods of crystal structure determination. This book develops the theory of twinning with the inclusion of worked examples, converting the "demons" into useful indicators for unravelling crystal structure. In spite of the increasing use of the concepts of modular crystallography for characterizing, understanding and tailoring technological crystalline materials, this is the first book to offer a unified treatment of the results, which are spread across many different journals and original papers published over the last twenty years.
1 Modular series-Principles and types 1(126)
1.1 Brief outline
2(1)
1.2 Hierarchical classification of structures
3(2)
1.3 Short recapitulation of non-modular categories of similarity
5(4)
1.4 Elements of modular description. Types of homologous/polysomatic series
9(26)
1.5 Polysomatism
35(6)
1.6 Chemical composition series
41(1)
1.7 Variable-fit homologous series and series with a combined character
42(15)
1.8 Merotype and plesiotype series
57(53)
1.9 Ordered derivatives of solid solutions as modular structures
110(3)
1.10 Principles of prediction of modular structures
113(14)
2 OD structures 127(80)
2.1 Introduction
127(1)
2.2 OD character of wollastonite
128(5)
2.3 OD structures of equivalent layers
133(21)
2.4 Examples of OD families built up with equivalent layers
154(26)
2.5 OD structures built up with M > 1 kinds of layers
180(10)
2.6 Examples of OD structures consisting of two kinds of layers
190(11)
2.7 List of other OD structures
201(1)
Appendix 2.1 Table of monoclinic and orthorhombic OD-groupoid families
202(2)
Appendix 2.2 Diffraction effects in wollastonite
204(3)
3 Polytypes and polytype categories 207(20)
3.1 Introduction
207(20)
4 Application of modularity to structure description and modelling 227(53)
4.1 Introduction
227(1)
4.2 The perovskite module
228(16)
4.3 Structures based on spinel modules
244(6)
4.4 Slicing tetrahedral and octahedral layers
250(19)
4.5 Miscellaneous modular structures
269(9)
4.6 Some conclusions
278(2)
5 Modularity at crystal scale - Twinning 280(29)
5.1 Classification of twins
280(10)
5.2 Consequences of twinning
290(6)
5.3 Detwinning procedure
296(3)
5.4 Examples
299(8)
5.5 Conclusions
307(2)
References 309(52)
Subject Index 361
Giovanni Ferraris is Professor of Crystallography at the University of Turin, Italy.

Emil Makovicky is Professor of Mineralogy at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Stefano Merlino is Professor of Crystallography at the University of Pisa, Italy.