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Current Feedback Operational Amplifiers and Their Applications 2013 ed. [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 249 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 5325 g, 219 Illustrations, black and white; XVII, 249 p. 219 illus., 1 Hardback
  • Sari: Analog Circuits and Signal Processing
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Feb-2013
  • Kirjastus: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 1461451876
  • ISBN-13: 9781461451877
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  • Formaat: Hardback, 249 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 5325 g, 219 Illustrations, black and white; XVII, 249 p. 219 illus., 1 Hardback
  • Sari: Analog Circuits and Signal Processing
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Feb-2013
  • Kirjastus: Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
  • ISBN-10: 1461451876
  • ISBN-13: 9781461451877
Teised raamatud teemal:
This book describes a variety of current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) architectures and their applications in analog signal processing/generation. Coverage includes a comprehensive survey of commercially available, off-the-shelf integrated circuit CFOAs, as well as recent advances made on the design of CFOAs, including design innovations for bipolar and CMOS CFOAs. This book serves as a single-source reference to the topic, as well as a catalog of over 200 application circuits which would be useful not only for students, educators and researchers in apprising them about the recent developments in the area but would also serve as a comprehensive repertoire of useful circuits for practicing engineers who might be interested in choosing an appropriate CFOA-based topology for use in a given application.

This survey of state-of-the-art feedback operational amplifiers explains their uses in analog signal processing and generation, including design innovations for bipolar and CMOS models. It also describes a variety of commercially available integrated CFOAs.
1 Introduction
1(24)
1.1 Prologue
1(1)
1.2 An Overview of Analog Circuits and Their Applications
2(1)
1.3 The Ubiquitous Op-Amp: The Drawbacks and Limitations of Some Op-Amp Circuits
3(6)
1.3.1 Op-Amp Circuits Which Employ More Than the Minimum Number of Resistors and Require Passive Component-Matching
3(4)
1.3.2 The Gain-Bandwidth Conflict
7(1)
1.3.3 Slew-Rate Based Limitations
8(1)
1.4 A Brief Review of the Evolution of Alternative Analog Circuit Building Blocks
9(11)
1.4.1 The Operational Transconductance Amplifiers
9(2)
1.4.2 The Current Conveyors
11(3)
1.4.3 The Current Feedback Op-Amp (CFOA)
14(1)
1.4.4 The Operational Trans-resistance Amplifier
15(2)
1.4.5 The Four-Terminal-Floating-Nullor
17(1)
1.4.6 The Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier
18(1)
1.4.7 The Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA)
19(1)
1.5 The Necessity and the Scope of the Present Monograph
20(5)
References
21(4)
2 CFOAs: Merits, Demerits, Basic Circuits and Available Varieties
25(24)
2.1 Introduction
25(1)
2.2 AD844: The CFOA with Externally-Accessible Compensation Pin
25(3)
2.3 The Merits and the Advantageous Features of the CFOAs
28(3)
2.3.1 The Reason and the Origin of the High Slew Rate
28(2)
2.3.2 De-coupling of Gain and Bandwidth: Realisability of Variable-Gain, Constant-Bandwidth Amplifiers
30(1)
2.4 The Demerits and Limitations of CFOAs
31(1)
2.4.1 Demerits
31(1)
2.4.2 Difficulties with Capacitive Feedback
32(1)
2.4.3 Effect of Stray Capacitances and Layout Issues
32(1)
2.5 Basic Circuits Using CFOAs
32(10)
2.5.1 VCVS Configurations
32(2)
2.5.2 Instrumentation Amplifier Using CFOAs
34(1)
2.5.3 VCCS, CCVS and CCCS Configurations
35(1)
2.5.4 Unity Gain Voltage and Current Followers
36(1)
2.5.5 Integrators and Differentiators
36(6)
2.6 Commercially Available Varieties of CFOAs
42(5)
2.6.1 The Mixed-Translinear-Cells (MTC) as Building Blocks of CFOAs
42(2)
2.6.2 Elantec Dual/Quad EL2260/EL2460
44(1)
2.6.3 Intersil HFA 1130
44(1)
2.6.4 AD8011 from Analog Devices
45(1)
2.6.5 THS 3001 from Texas Instruments Inc
46(1)
2.7 Concluding Remarks
47(2)
References
48(1)
3 Simulation of Inductors and Other Types of Impedances Using CFOAs
49(32)
3.1 Introduction
49(1)
3.2 An Overview of Op-Amp-RC Circuits for Grounded and Floating Inductor Simulation and Their Limitations
49(5)
3.3 Realization of Gyrator and Grounded Impedances Using CFOAs
54(2)
3.4 Single-CFOA-Based Grounded Impedance Simulators
56(4)
3.4.1 Lossy Grounded Inductors/FDNRs
57(3)
3.4.2 Single-CFOA-Based Grounded Negative Capacitance and Negative Inductance Simulators
60(1)
3.5 Floating Inductors and Floating Generalized impedance Simulators Using CFOAs
60(5)
3.6 Floating Inductance Circuits Employing Only Two CFOAs
65(3)
3.6.1 Lossless/Lossy Floating Inductance Simulator
65(2)
3.6.2 A Lossy Floating Inductance Simulator
67(1)
3.7 Applications of Simulated Impedances in Active Filter Designs
68(3)
3.7.1 Applications in the Design of Second Order Filters
68(1)
3.7.2 Application in the Design of Higher Order Filters
69(2)
3.8 Realization of Voltage-Controlled Impedances
71(6)
3.8.1 Grounded Voltage Controlled Impedance Simulators
72(1)
3.8.2 Floating Voltage Controlled Impedance Simulators
73(4)
3.9 Concluding Remarks
77(4)
References
78(3)
4 Design of Filters Using CFOAs
81(50)
4.1 Introduction
81(1)
4.2 The Five Generic Filter Types, Their Frequency Responses and Parameters
82(1)
4.3 Voltage-Mode/Current-Mode Biquads Using CFOAs
83(24)
4.3.1 Dual Function VM Biquads
83(1)
4.3.2 Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) Type VM Biquads
84(7)
4.3.3 Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) Type VM Biquads
91(8)
4.3.4 MISO-Type Universal Current-Mode (CM) Biquads
99(1)
4.3.5 Dual-Mode Universal Biquads Using Single CFOA
100(3)
4.3.6 Mixed-Mode Universal Biquads
103(4)
4.4 Active-R Multifunction VM Biquads
107(3)
4.5 Inverse Active Filters Using CFOAs
110(2)
4.6 MOSFET-C Filters Employing CFOAs
112(6)
4.6.1 MOSFET-C Fully Differential Integrators
113(2)
4.6.2 MOSFET-C Fully Differential Biquads
115(1)
4.6.3 MOSFET-C Single-Ended Biquad
116(2)
4.7 Design of Higher Order Filters Using CFOAs
118(8)
4.7.1 Signal Flow Graph Based Synthesis of nth Order Transfer Function Using CFOAs
119(1)
4.7.2 Doubly Terminated Wave Active Filters Employing CFOA-Based on LC Ladder Prototypes
119(1)
4.7.3 Higher Order Modular Filter Structures Using CFOAs
119(7)
4.8 Concluding Remarks
126(5)
References
127(4)
5 Synthesis of Sinusoidal Oscillators Using CFOAs
131(50)
5.1 Introduction
131(1)
5.2 The Evolution of Single Element Controlled Oscillators: A Historical Perspective
131(2)
5.3 Advantages of Realizing Wien Bridge Oscillator Using CFOA vis-a-vis VOA
133(1)
5.4 Single-Resistance-Controlled Oscillators (SRCO) Using a Single CFOA
134(6)
5.4.1 A Novel SRCO Employing Grounded Capacitors
138(2)
5.5 Two-CFOA-Two-GC SRCOs: The Systematic State Variable Synthesis
140(3)
5.6 Other Two-CFOA Sinusoidal Oscillator Topologies
143(5)
5.7 Design of Active-R SRCOs
148(4)
5.7.1 Active-R Sinusoidal Oscillators Using CFOA-Pole
148(1)
5.7.2 Low-Component-Count CFOA-Pole Based Active-R SRCOs
149(1)
5.7.3 Other Two-CFOA Based Active-R SRCOs
150(1)
5.7.4 CFOA-Pole-Based RC Oscillator
150(1)
5.7.5 A Simple Multiphase Active-R Oscillator Using CFOA Poles
151(1)
5.8 SRCOs Providing Explicit Current Output
152(5)
5.9 Fully-Uncoupled SRCOs Using CFOAs
157(4)
5.10 Voltage-Controlled-Oscillators Using CFOAs and FET-Based VCRs
161(1)
5.11 State-Variable Synthesis of Linear VCOs Using CFOAs
161(7)
5.12 Synthesis of Single-CFOA-Based VCOs Incorporating the Voltage Summing Property of Analog Multipliers
168(5)
5.13 MOSFET-C Sinusoidal Oscillator
173(2)
5.14 Concluding Remarks
175(6)
References
176(5)
6 Miscellaneous Linear and Nonlinear Applications of CFOAs
181(20)
6.1 Introduction
181(1)
6.2 Electronically-Variable-Gain Amplifier
181(1)
6.3 Cable Driver Using CFOA
182(1)
6.4 Video Distribution Amplifier
182(1)
6.5 Schmitt Triggers and Non-sinusoidal Waveform Generators
183(6)
6.6 Precision Rectifiers
189(1)
6.7 Analog Squaring Circuit
190(1)
6.8 Analog Divider
191(1)
6.9 Pseudo-exponential Circuits
192(1)
6.10 Chaotic Oscillators Using CFOAs
193(5)
6.11 Concluding Remarks
198(3)
References
198(3)
7 Realization of Other Building Blocks Using CFOAs
201(22)
7.1 Introduction
201(1)
7.2 Applications of the CFOAs in Realizing Other Building Blocks
201(12)
7.2.1 CFOA Realizations of Various Kinds of Current Conveyors (CC)
202(2)
7.2.2 CFOA-Realization of the Four-Terminal-Floating-Nullors (FTFN)
204(1)
7.2.3 CFOA Realization of Operational Trans-resistance Amplifier (OTRA)
205(2)
7.2.4 CFOA Realization of Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier (CDBA) Based Circuits
207(1)
7.2.5 CFOA Realization of Circuits Containing Unity Gain Cells
208(2)
7.2.6 Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA)
210(1)
7.2.7 Current Follower Transconductance Amplifiers (CFTA)
211(1)
7.2.8 Current Controlled Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (CCCC-TA)
211(1)
7.2.9 Differential Input Buffered Transconductance Amplifier (DBTA)
212(1)
7.2.10 Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA)
213(1)
7.3 Concluding Remarks
213(10)
References
214(9)
8 Advances in the Design of Bipolar/CMOS CFOAs and Future Directions of Research on CFOAs
223(18)
8.1 Introduction
223(1)
8.2 Progress in the Design of Bipolar CFOAs
223(4)
8.2.1 Bipolar CFOA with Improved CMRR
223(1)
8.2.2 Bipolar CFOA with Higher Gain Accuracy, Lower DC Offset Voltage and Higher CMRR
224(1)
8.2.3 Bipolar CFOA Architectures with New Types of Input Stages
225(2)
8.2.4 Novel CFOA Architecture Using a New Current Mirror Formulation
227(1)
8.3 The Evolution of CMOS CFOAs
227(5)
8.3.1 CMOS CFOA with Rail-to-Rail Swing Capability
229(1)
8.3.2 CMOS CFOA for Low-Voltage Applications
229(1)
8.3.3 Fully-Differential CMOS CFOAs
229(1)
8.3.4 CMOS CFOAs with Increased Slew Rate and Better Drive Capability
230(1)
8.3.5 Other CMOS CFOA Architectures
231(1)
8.4 Various Modified Forms of CFOAs and Related Advances
232(5)
8.4.1 The Modified CFOA
232(1)
8.4.2 Current-Controlled CFOA
232(1)
8.4.3 Current Feedback Conveyor
233(1)
8.4.4 The Differential Voltage Current Feedback Amplifier
233(2)
8.4.5 Differential Difference Complementary Current Feedback Amplifier
235(2)
8.5 Future Directions of Research on CFOAs and Their Applications
237(1)
8.6 Epilogue
237(4)
References
238(3)
References for Additional Reading 241(2)
About the Authors 243(4)
Index 247
Raj Senani received B.Sc. from Lucknow University, B.Sc. Engg. from HBTI, Kanpur, M.E. (Honors) from MNNIT, Allahabad and Ph.D. in Electrical Engg. from University of Allahabad, India. Dr. Senani became a Professor of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Delhi Institute of Technology, now known as Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (NSIT), New Delhi, in 1990 and has held the positions of Head and Dean of various Departments, as well as Institute Director, a number of times since then. He is currently functioning as the Director of NSIT since October 2008. His areas of interest are Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing and he has authored/co-authored 135 papers in International Journals. He is serving as an Associate Editor for Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing, since 2003. Professor Senani is a Senior Member of IEEE and was elected a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, in 2008. He is the recipient of Second Laureate of the 25th Khwarizmi International Award for the year 2012.

D. R. Bhaskar received B.Sc. from Agra University, B. Tech. from IIT, Kanpur, and M.Tech. from IIT, Delhi and Ph.D. from University of Delhi. Dr. Bhaskar is a full Professor of ECE at Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, since January 2002 and has served as the Head of the Department of ECE during 2002-2005. Professor Bhaskar is a Senior Member of IEEE. His areas of interest are Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing and he has authored/co-authored 62 papers in International Journals.

A. K. Singh received M.Tech. in ECE from IASED and Ph. D from NSIT, University of Delhi. Dr. Singh is a full Professor of ECE at ITS Engineering College, Greater Noida, UP, India since 2009. His area of interest is Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing and he has published 36 papers in International Journals.

V. K Singh obtained B.E. and M. E. degrees in EE from MNNIT, Allahabad and Ph.D. in ECE from UPTU, India. He served as Head of the ECE Department at IET Lucknow, India, between 1986-1988 and 2007-2010. He is a full Professor at IET Lucknow since 2004 and Dean of R&D since 2007. His areas of research are Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing and he has authored/co-authored 16 research papers in international Journals.