This volume is a compilation of 49 papers presented at the 5th International Symposium on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways held in Wakayama, Japan between 9 and 11 April 2003.
Upper respiratory tract infections such as acute otitis media, acute rhinosinusitis and acute pharyngo-tonsillitis are diseases that occur with extremely high frequency, and the anti-microbial agents used to treat these diseases account for a large proportion of health care costs.
The increasing refractory nature of upper respiratory tract infections caused by recently appearing drug-resistant microbes in particular is presenting a major clinical problem, and elucidation of the immune functions of the tonsils and other mucosal membranes of the upper respiratory tract is considered to have important significance. The subject of sleep apnea syndrome and its correlations with adenotonsillar hypertrophy has been stirring greater interest among pediatricians, neurologists and otolaryngologists.
New investigators, as well as those more experienced, may benefit from the published recommendations from the symposium. The goal is to continue to advance our understanding of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of tonsil-associated disorders and various upper respiratory tract infections such as otitis media and rhinosinusitis. Moreover, in the era of drug-resistant microbes we should exert more effort of developing powerful and effective mucosal vaccines against pathogens in upper airways.
This volume is a compilation of 49 papers presented at the 5th International Symposium on Tonsils and Mucosal Barriers of the Upper Airways held in Wakayama, Japan between 9 and 11 April 2003.
Upper respiratory tract infections such as acute otitis media, acute rhinosinusitis and acute pharyngo-tonsillitis are diseases that occur with extremely high frequency, and the anti-microbial agents used to treat these diseases account for a large proportion of health care costs.
The increasing refractory nature of upper respiratory tract infections caused by recently appearing drug-resistant microbes in particular is presenting a major clinical problem, and elucidation of the immune functions of the tonsils and other mucosal membranes of the upper respiratory tract is considered to have important significance. The subject of sleep apnea syndrome and its correlations with adenotonsillar hypertrophy has been stirring greater interest among pediatricians, neurologists and otolaryngologists.
New investigators, as well as those more experienced, may benefit from the published recommendations from the symposium. The goal is to continue to advance our understanding of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of tonsil-associated disorders and various upper respiratory tract infections such as otitis media and rhinosinusitis. Moreover, in the era of drug-resistant microbes we should exert more effort of developing powerful and effective mucosal vaccines against pathogens in upper airways.