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1434: The Year a Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance [Pehme köide]

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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 416 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 198x129x26 mm, kaal: 320 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Apr-2009
  • Kirjastus: HarperCollins
  • ISBN-10: 0007269552
  • ISBN-13: 9780007269556
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 416 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 198x129x26 mm, kaal: 320 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Apr-2009
  • Kirjastus: HarperCollins
  • ISBN-10: 0007269552
  • ISBN-13: 9780007269556
In his bestselling book 1421:The Year China Discovered the World, Gavin Menzies revealed that it was the Chinese that discovered America, not Columbus. Now he presents further astonishing evidence that it was also Chinese advances in science, art, and technology that formed the basis of the European Renaissance and our modern world.



In his bestselling book 1421: The Year China Discovered the World, Gavin Menzies presented controversial and compelling evidence that Chinese fleets beat Columbus, Cook and Magellan to the New World. But his research has led him to astonishing new discoveries that Chinese influence on Western culture didnt stop there.



Until now, scholars have considered that the Italian Renaissance the basis of our modern Western world came about as a result of a re-examining the ideas of classical Greece and Rome. A stunning reappraisal of history is about to be published.



Gavin Menzies makes the startling argument that a sophisticated Chinese delegation visited Italy in 1434, sparked the Renaissance, and forever changed the course of Western civilization. After that date the authority of Aristotle and Ptolemy was overturned and artistic conventions challenged, as was Arabic astronomy and cartography.



Florence and Venice of the 15th century attracted traders from across the world. Menzies presents astonishing evidence that a large Chinese fleet, official ambassadors of the Emperor, arrived in Tuscany in 1434 where they met with Pope Eugenius IV in Florence. A mass of information was given by the Chinese delegation to the Pope and his entourage concerning world maps (which Menzies argues were later given to Columbus), astronomy, mathematics, art, printing, architecture, steel manufacture, civil engineering, military machines, surveying, cartography, genetics, and more. It was this gift of knowledge that sparked the inventiveness of the Renaissance Da Vinci's inventions, the Copernican revolution, Galileo, etc. Following 1434, Europeans embraced Chinese intellectual ideas, discoveries, and inventions, which formed the basis of European civilization just as much as Greek thought and Roman law. In short, China provided the spark that set the Renaissance ablaze.

Arvustused

Menzies has come up with something entirely newit is a startling claim. Guardian

Introduction xi
I Setting the Scene
1 A Last Voyage
3(4)
2 The Emperor's Ambassador
7(10)
3 The Fleets Are Prepared for the Voyage to the Barbarians
17(12)
4 Zheng He's Navigators' Calculation of Latitude and Longitude
29(10)
5 Voyage to the Red Sea
39(10)
6 Cairo and the Red Sea-Nile Canal
49(14)
II China Ignites the Renaissance
7 To the Venice of Niccolo Da Conti
63(20)
8 Paolo Toscanelli's Florence
83(11)
9 Toscanelli Meets the Chinese Ambassador
94(7)
10 Collimblis's and Macellan's World Maps
101(9)
11 The World Maps of Johannes Schoner, Martin Waldsee Muller, and Admiral Zheng He
110(22)
12 Toscanelli's New Astronomy
132(9)
13 The Florentine Mathematicians: Toscanelli, Alberti, Nicholas of Cusa, and Regiomontanus
141(14)
14 Leon Battista Alberti and Leonardo Da Vinci
155(11)
15 Leonardo Da Vinci and Chinese Inventions
166(11)
16 Leonardo, Di Giorgio, Taccola, and Alberti
177(20)
17 Silk and Rice
197(9)
18 Grand Canals: China and Lombardy
206(10)
19 Firearms and Steel
216(15)
20 Printing
231(7)
21 China's Contribution to the Renaissance
238(19)
III China's Legacy
22 Tragedy on the High Seas: Zheng He's Fleet Destroyed by a Tsunami
257(21)
23 The Conquistadores Inheritance: Our Lady of Victory
278(11)
Acknowledgments 289(22)
Notes 311(20)
Bibliography 331(16)
Permissions 347(4)
Photograph Credits 351(2)
Index 353
The author of 1421: The Year China Discovered America, Gavin Menzies was born in 1937 and lived in China for two years before the Second World War. He joined the Royal Navy in 1953 and served in submarines from 1959 to 1970. Since leaving the Royal Navy, he has returned to China and the Far East many times and in the course of researching 1421 he has visited 120 countries, over 900 museums and libraries and every major sea port of the late Middle Ages. Menzies is married with two daughters and lives in North London.