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Decade of the Berkeley Math Circle: The American Experience, Volume II [Pehme köide]

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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 376 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 654 g
  • Sari: MSRI Mathematical Circles Library
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Feb-2015
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 0821849123
  • ISBN-13: 9780821849125
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 376 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 654 g
  • Sari: MSRI Mathematical Circles Library
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Feb-2015
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 0821849123
  • ISBN-13: 9780821849125
Teised raamatud teemal:
Many mathematicians have been drawn to mathematics through their experience with math circles. The Berkeley Math Circle (BMC) started in 1998 as one of the very first math circles in the U.S. Over the last decade and a half, 100 instructors - university professors, business tycoons, high school teachers, and more - have shared their passion for mathematics by delivering over 800 BMC sessions on the UC Berkeley campus every week during the school year.

This second volume of the book series is based on a dozen of these sessions, encompassing a variety of enticing and stimulating mathematical topics, some new and some continuing from Volume I:

from dismantling Rubik's Cube and randomly putting it back together to solving it with the power of group theory from raising knot-eating machines and letting Alexander the Great cut the Gordian Knot to breaking through knot theory via the Jones polynomial from entering a seemingly hopeless infinite raffle to becoming friendly with multiplicative functions in the land of Dirichlet, Mobius, and Euler from leading an army of jumping fleas in an old problem from the International Mathematical Olympiads to improving our own essay-writing strategies from searching for optimal paths on a hot summer day to questioning whether Archimedes was on his way to discovering trigonometry 2000 years ago



Do some of these scenarios sound bizarre, having never before been associated with mathematics? Mathematicians love having fun while doing serious mathematics and that love is what this book intends to share with the reader. Whether at a beginner, an intermediate, or an advanced level, anyone can find a place here to be provoked to think deeply and to be inspired to create.

In the interest of fostering a greater awareness and appreciation of mathematics and its connections to other disciplines and everyday life, MSRI and the AMS are publishing books in the Mathematical Circles Library series as a service to young people, their parents and teachers, and the mathematics profession.
Foreword xi
Introduction xiii
1 Top-Tier Math Circles
xiii
2 Why, What, and for Whom?
xvi
3 Notation and Technicalities
xx
4 The Art of Being a Mathematician and Problem Solving
xxii
5 Acknowledgments
xxiii
Session 1 Geometric Re-Constructions: Part I 1(22)
1 Experimenting and Conjecturing
1(4)
2 A Triangle Workout
5(5)
3 Walking Along an Optimal Path
10(4)
4 Walking Along an Integer Grid
14(2)
5 To Prove or to Take for Granted?
16(4)
6 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
20(3)
Session 2 Rubik's Cube. Part II 23(26)
1 What Is a Group?
23(4)
2 Permutation Groups and Group Isomorphisms
27(4)
3 Properties of Groups and Their Subgroups
31(4)
4 Even and Odd Worlds
35(4)
5 How Many Cube Positions Can Be Reached?
39(6)
6 Conclusions
45(1)
7 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
46(3)
Session 3 Knotty Mathematics 49(30)
1 A Knot, or Not a Knot. That Is the Question
49(4)
2 Reidemeister and Knot-Eating Machines
53(3)
3 Three Crayons Defeat an Army of Knots
56(8)
4 The Jones Polynomial
64(6)
5 Is This the End?
70(1)
6 Hints and Solutions to Selected Exercises
70(9)
Session 4 Multiplicative Functions. Part I 79(24)
1 Infinite Raffle: the Initial Setup
79(3)
2 What are Multiplicative Functions?
82(10)
3 Sum-Functions
92(4)
4 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
96(7)
Session 5 Introduction to Group Theory 103(38)
1 Puzzling It Out
103(1)
2 A Polynomial Prelude
104(1)
3 Action Groups
105(5)
4 General Groups
110(2)
5 Some More Examples of Groups
112(4)
6 Permutation (or Symmetric) Groups
116(7)
7 The 15-Puzzle Puzzled Out
123(3)
8 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
126(15)
Session 6 Monovariants. Part II 141(30)
1 Numerical Monovariants
141(8)
2 Constructive Activities
149(4)
3 Not Getting There
153(5)
4 Conway's Checkers
158(6)
5 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
164(7)
Session 7 Geometric Re-Constructions. Part II 171(18)
1 Optimal and Infinite Challenges
171(2)
2 A Pythagorean Path for the Intermediate
173(3)
3 Physics and Math Combine Forces
176(2)
4 Ptolemy's Lead into Trigonometry
178(7)
5 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
185(4)
Session 8 Complex Numbers. Part II 189(22)
1 Warning, "Teaser," and Strategy
189(1)
2 Conventions from the Past
190(1)
3 Complex Division
190(2)
4 The Triangle Inequality: No "Respect" for Addition?
192(1)
5 Integer Powers in C
193(3)
6 Roots in C
196(2)
7 Roots of Unity and Regular Polygons
198(2)
8 Geometric Promise Fulfilled
200(2)
9 Venturing Everywhere in the Plane
202(3)
10 Which are the "Closest" Lines
205(3)
11 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
208(3)
Session 9 Introduction to Inequalities. Part I 211(22)
1 The Language of Inequalities
211(1)
2 Arithmetic Mean - Geometric Mean Inequality
212(4)
3 Power Mean Inequality
216(2)
4 The Land of the Convex
218(2)
5 Applications of Convexity to Inequalities
220(3)
6 Geometry Leftovers and a Mean Summary
223(2)
7 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
225(8)
Session 10 Multiplicative Functions: Part II 233(30)
4 Dirichlet Product
233(4)
5 Mains Inversion Formula
237(6)
6 The Euler Function φ(n)
243(4)
7 The Taming of the ShrewD φ
247(5)
8 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
252(11)
Session 11 Monovariants. Part III 263(24)
1 The Balkan Roots Challenge
263(1)
2 Smoothing and Unsmoothing
264(2)
3 Rearranging Terms
266(2)
4 Convexity and Smoothing
268(7)
5 Random Fun with Smoothing
275(3)
6 Appendix on Limits and Endless Smoothing
278(3)
7 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
281(6)
Session 12 Geometric Re-Constructions: Part III 287(18)
1 Farmer-and-Cow via Inequalities and Calculus
287(5)
2 Optimal Bridge Located!
292(4)
3 Infinitely Many Angles and Infinite Series
296(5)
4 Historical Detour: from Today back to Archimedes?
301(1)
5 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems
302(3)
Epilogue 305(16)
1 What Comes from Within
305(1)
2 The Culture of Circles
306(1)
3 Eastern European vs. USA Math Circles
307(3)
4 History and Power
310(4)
5 Does the U.S. Need Top-Tier Math Circles?
314(7)
Symbols and Notation 321(4)
Abbreviations 325(2)
Biographical Data 327(4)
Bibliography 331(4)
Credits 335(2)
Index 337
Zvezdelina Stankova, Mills College, Oakland, CA, USA.

Tom Rike, Oakland High School, CA, USA.