Foreword |
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xi | |
Introduction |
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xiii | |
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xiii | |
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2 Why, What, and for Whom? |
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xvi | |
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3 Notation and Technicalities |
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xx | |
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4 The Art of Being a Mathematician and Problem Solving |
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xxii | |
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xxiii | |
Session 1 Geometric Re-Constructions: Part I |
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1 | (22) |
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1 Experimenting and Conjecturing |
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1 | (4) |
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5 | (5) |
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3 Walking Along an Optimal Path |
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10 | (4) |
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4 Walking Along an Integer Grid |
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14 | (2) |
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5 To Prove or to Take for Granted? |
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16 | (4) |
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6 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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20 | (3) |
Session 2 Rubik's Cube. Part II |
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23 | (26) |
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23 | (4) |
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2 Permutation Groups and Group Isomorphisms |
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27 | (4) |
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3 Properties of Groups and Their Subgroups |
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31 | (4) |
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35 | (4) |
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5 How Many Cube Positions Can Be Reached? |
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39 | (6) |
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45 | (1) |
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7 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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46 | (3) |
Session 3 Knotty Mathematics |
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49 | (30) |
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1 A Knot, or Not a Knot. That Is the Question |
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49 | (4) |
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2 Reidemeister and Knot-Eating Machines |
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53 | (3) |
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3 Three Crayons Defeat an Army of Knots |
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56 | (8) |
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64 | (6) |
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70 | (1) |
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6 Hints and Solutions to Selected Exercises |
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70 | (9) |
Session 4 Multiplicative Functions. Part I |
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79 | (24) |
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1 Infinite Raffle: the Initial Setup |
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79 | (3) |
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2 What are Multiplicative Functions? |
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82 | (10) |
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92 | (4) |
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4 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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96 | (7) |
Session 5 Introduction to Group Theory |
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103 | (38) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (5) |
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110 | (2) |
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5 Some More Examples of Groups |
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112 | (4) |
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6 Permutation (or Symmetric) Groups |
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116 | (7) |
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7 The 15-Puzzle Puzzled Out |
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123 | (3) |
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8 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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126 | (15) |
Session 6 Monovariants. Part II |
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141 | (30) |
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141 | (8) |
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2 Constructive Activities |
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149 | (4) |
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153 | (5) |
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158 | (6) |
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5 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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164 | (7) |
Session 7 Geometric Re-Constructions. Part II |
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171 | (18) |
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1 Optimal and Infinite Challenges |
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171 | (2) |
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2 A Pythagorean Path for the Intermediate |
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173 | (3) |
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3 Physics and Math Combine Forces |
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176 | (2) |
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4 Ptolemy's Lead into Trigonometry |
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178 | (7) |
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5 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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185 | (4) |
Session 8 Complex Numbers. Part II |
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189 | (22) |
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1 Warning, "Teaser," and Strategy |
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189 | (1) |
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2 Conventions from the Past |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (2) |
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4 The Triangle Inequality: No "Respect" for Addition? |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (3) |
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196 | (2) |
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7 Roots of Unity and Regular Polygons |
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198 | (2) |
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8 Geometric Promise Fulfilled |
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200 | (2) |
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9 Venturing Everywhere in the Plane |
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202 | (3) |
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10 Which are the "Closest" Lines |
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205 | (3) |
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11 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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208 | (3) |
Session 9 Introduction to Inequalities. Part I |
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211 | (22) |
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1 The Language of Inequalities |
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211 | (1) |
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2 Arithmetic Mean - Geometric Mean Inequality |
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212 | (4) |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (2) |
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5 Applications of Convexity to Inequalities |
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220 | (3) |
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6 Geometry Leftovers and a Mean Summary |
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223 | (2) |
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7 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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225 | (8) |
Session 10 Multiplicative Functions: Part II |
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233 | (30) |
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233 | (4) |
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5 Mains Inversion Formula |
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237 | (6) |
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6 The Euler Function φ(n) |
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243 | (4) |
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7 The Taming of the ShrewD φ |
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247 | (5) |
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8 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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252 | (11) |
Session 11 Monovariants. Part III |
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263 | (24) |
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1 The Balkan Roots Challenge |
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263 | (1) |
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2 Smoothing and Unsmoothing |
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264 | (2) |
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266 | (2) |
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4 Convexity and Smoothing |
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268 | (7) |
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5 Random Fun with Smoothing |
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275 | (3) |
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6 Appendix on Limits and Endless Smoothing |
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278 | (3) |
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7 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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281 | (6) |
Session 12 Geometric Re-Constructions: Part III |
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287 | (18) |
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1 Farmer-and-Cow via Inequalities and Calculus |
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287 | (5) |
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2 Optimal Bridge Located! |
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292 | (4) |
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3 Infinitely Many Angles and Infinite Series |
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296 | (5) |
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4 Historical Detour: from Today back to Archimedes? |
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301 | (1) |
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5 Hints and Solutions to Selected Problems |
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302 | (3) |
Epilogue |
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305 | (16) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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3 Eastern European vs. USA Math Circles |
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307 | (3) |
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310 | (4) |
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5 Does the U.S. Need Top-Tier Math Circles? |
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314 | (7) |
Symbols and Notation |
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321 | (4) |
Abbreviations |
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325 | (2) |
Biographical Data |
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327 | (4) |
Bibliography |
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331 | (4) |
Credits |
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335 | (2) |
Index |
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337 | |