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Design of Hydrodynamic Machines: Pumps and Hydro-Turbines [Kõva köide]

(University of Alaska Anchorage, USA), (Slovak Technical University, Slovakia),
  • Formaat: Hardback, 250 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 471 g, 21 Tables, black and white; 107 Line drawings, black and white; 56 Halftones, black and white; 163 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-May-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367439611
  • ISBN-13: 9780367439613
Teised raamatud teemal:
Design of Hydrodynamic Machines: Pumps and Hydro-TurbinesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 250 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 471 g, 21 Tables, black and white; 107 Line drawings, black and white; 56 Halftones, black and white; 163 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-May-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367439611
  • ISBN-13: 9780367439613
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780367439613.html
Märksõnad:
Design of Hydrodynamic Machines provides a broad, yet concise, theoretical background on the relationship between fluid dynamics and geometry. It covers the most important types of turbomachinery used in power generation industrial processes, utilities, and the oil and gas industry.

Offering guidance on the hydraulic design aspect of different parts of turbomachinery, such as impellers, diffusers, volute casing, inlet and outlets, the book discusses how to conduct performance characteristics testing and evaluate performance parameters of the designed parts. It also covers aspects of CFD of turbomachinery. Readers will be able to perform hydraulic design of important turbomachinery parts using commercially available software.

Intended for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in mechanical, civil, and aeronautical engineering, the book will also be useful for those involved in the hydraulic design, analysis, and testing of turbomachinery.
Nomenclature xi
Greek Symbols xiii
Authors' Biographies xv
Preface xvii
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(18)
1.1 Fundamental Principles
1(1)
1.2 Turbomachinery Classification
1(2)
1.3 Dimensions and Units Used in Turbomachinery
3(2)
1.3.1 Primary/Base Dimensions and Units
4(1)
1.3.2 Derived Dimensions and Units
4(1)
1.4 Commonly Used Quantities in Turbomachines
5(8)
1.4.1 Flow Rate
5(1)
1.4.2 Pressure
6(2)
1.4.3 Head and Power
8(1)
1.4.3.1 Head of a Pump Between Two Reservoirs
8(2)
1.4.4 Efficiency
10(1)
1.4.5 Specific Speed
11(2)
1.5 Example Problems
13(3)
1.6 Exercise Problems
16(1)
1.7 Bibliography
17(2)
Chapter 2 Scaling Laws and Dimension Analysis
19(16)
2.1 Introduction
19(1)
2.2 Similarity
19(2)
2.3 Rayleigh's Method of Dimensional Analysis
21(2)
2.4 Buckingham Pi Theorem
23(3)
2.4.1 Procedure for Buckingham Pi Method
24(2)
2.5 Principles of Similarity
26(3)
2.5.1 Specific Speed
27(2)
2.6 Example Problems
29(4)
2.7 Exercise Problems
33(1)
2.8 Bibliography
34(1)
Chapter 3 Centrifugal and Mixed-Flow Pumps
35(42)
3.1 Introduction
35(1)
3.2 Coordinate Systems Used in Turbomachinery Flows
35(1)
3.3 Energy Transfer in Turbomachines
35(4)
3.4 Velocity Triangles
39(1)
3.5 Velocity Components for Different Impeller Blade Orientation
40(1)
3.6 Procedure for Drawing Velocity Triangles
41(1)
3.7 Euler's Equation
42(1)
3.8 Working Equation of a Pump with Infinitely Thin and Infinite Number of Blades
42(16)
3.8.1 Slip Factor Correlations
45(1)
3.8.1.1 Stodola's Correlation
45(1)
3.8.1.2 Stodola-Serstjuk Correlation
46(1)
3.8.1.3 NEL Correlation
46(1)
3.8.1.4 Busemann's Correlation
46(1)
3.8.1.5 Waisser's Correlation
47(1)
3.8.2 Fundamental Design Parameters for Hydrodynamic Pumps
47(1)
3.8.3 Design of Radial Impellers
48(6)
3.8.4 Design of Blades
54(4)
3.9 Mixed-Flow Pumps
58(2)
3.9.1 Introduction
58(1)
3.9.2 Working Principles
58(1)
3.9.3 Hydraulic Design of Impeller
59(1)
3.10 Example Problems
60(12)
3.11 Exercise Problems
72(2)
3.12 Bibliography
74(3)
Chapter 4 Axial Flow Pumps
77(30)
4.1 Introduction
77(1)
4.2 Theoretical and Actual Head
77(2)
4.2.1 Axial Flow Cascade
78(1)
4.3 Flow Over Isolated Airfoils
79(4)
4.3.1 Aerodynamics Characteristics of an Airfoil Profile
80(3)
4.4 Pressure Rise on an Airfoil
83(1)
4.5 Relationship Between Circulation and Lift Force
84(5)
4.6 Preliminary Design of Impeller of an Axial Flow Machine
89(2)
4.6.1 Efficiency and Power
89(2)
4.7 Meridional Section of an Axial Flow Machine
91(1)
4.8 Number of Blades
92(1)
4.9 Axial Thrust in Axial Pumps
93(1)
4.10 Performance Characteristics of Axial Flow Pumps
94(2)
4.11 Flow Rate Control in Axial Pumps
96(1)
4.12 Example Problems
96(7)
4.13 Exercise Problems
103(1)
4.14 Bibliography
104(3)
Chapter 5 Hydro-Turbines
107(38)
5.1 Introduction
107(1)
5.2 Hydropower Plants
107(5)
5.2.1 Water/Hydrologic Cycle
107(3)
5.2.2 Classification of Hydropower Plants
110(1)
5.2.2.1 Impoundment Hydropower Plants
110(1)
5.2.2.2 Diversion Hydropower Plants
110(1)
5.2.2.3 Pumped Storage Hydropower Plants
111(1)
5.3 Hydro-Turbines
112(16)
5.3.1 Brief History of Hydro-Turbines
112(1)
5.3.2 Classification of Hydro-Turbines
112(1)
5.3.3 Impulse Hydro-Turbines
113(1)
5.3.3.1 Pelton Turbines
113(1)
5.3.3.2 Turgo Turbines
114(1)
5.3.3.3 Crossflow (Banki) Turbines
114(1)
5.3.4 Reaction Hydro-Turbines
114(2)
5.3.4.1 Francis Turbines
116(1)
5.3.4.2 Kaplan Turbines
116(1)
5.3.4.3 Propeller Turbines
116(1)
5.3.4.4 Bulb Turbines
117(1)
5.3.5 Euler Turbine Equations
118(2)
5.3.6 Turbine Similarity
120(1)
5.3.6.1 Specific Speed
121(1)
5.3.6.2 Model and Prototypes
122(3)
5.3.6.3 Unit Quantities
125(1)
5.3.6.4 Diameter
125(1)
5.3.6.5 Other Forms of Specific Speed
126(1)
5.3.7 Turbine Efficiencies
127(1)
5.3.7.1 Hydraulic Efficiency
127(1)
5.3.7.2 Volumetric Efficiency
127(1)
5.3.7.3 Mechanical Efficiency
128(1)
5.3.7.4 Overall Efficiency
128(1)
5.4 Pelton Turbine
128(4)
5.4.1 Fundamental Theory
128(3)
5.4.2 Procedure for Determining the Main Dimensions of Pelton Turbines
131(1)
5.4.3 Turbine Rotational Speed
131(1)
5.4.4 Determination of Runner Diameter and Nozzle Diameter
131(1)
5.5 Reaction Turbines
132(2)
5.5.1 Francis Turbines
133(1)
5.5.1.1 Procedure for Determining the Main Dimensions of Francis Turbines
133(1)
5.6 Kaplan Turbines
134(1)
5.6.1 Procedure for Determining the Main Dimensions of Kaplan Turbines
134(1)
5.7 Draft Tube Analysis
135(1)
5.8 Example Problems
135(6)
5.9 Exercise Problems
141(2)
5.10 Bibliography
143(2)
Chapter 6 Small Hydropower Plants
145(18)
6.1 Introduction
145(1)
6.2 Key Features of Small Hydropower Plants
145(3)
6.3 Feasibility Studies
148(2)
6.4 Design of Intake and Penstocks
150(5)
6.4.1 Intakes
150(2)
6.4.2 Penstocks
152(1)
6.4.2.1 Head Loss Calculation
153(2)
6.5 Turbine Selection (Number and Type)
155(1)
6.6 Hydraulic Transients and Dynamic Effects
156(1)
6.6.1 Preliminary Analysis
156(1)
6.7 Electrical Equipment Considerations
157(2)
6.8 Example Problems
159(1)
6.9 Bibliography
160(3)
Chapter 7 Cavitation
163(22)
7.1 Introduction: Main Features of Cavitating Flow
163(2)
7.2 Cavitation in Hydraulic Machines
165(8)
7.2.1 Cavitation in Pumps
165(4)
7.2.2 Cavitation in Turbines
169(1)
7.2.2.1 Suction Head of Water Turbines
170(1)
7.2.2.2 Exit Velocity
171(2)
7.3 Methods of Improving Cavitation Performance of Pumps
173(1)
7.4 Example Problems
174(7)
7.5 Exercise Problems
181(3)
7.6 Bibliography
184(1)
Chapter 8 Testing Hydraulic Machines
185(10)
8.1 Testing Facilities
185(1)
8.2 Testing Setups
185(1)
8.3 Instruments and Measurements
186(4)
8.3.1 Pressure Measurements
186(1)
8.3.2 Flow Rate Measurements
186(1)
8.3.3 Speed Measurements
187(1)
8.3.4 Shaft Power Measurements
187(1)
8.3.5 Pump Performance Characteristics Determination
187(1)
8.3.6 NPSH Tests
188(1)
8.3.6.1 NPSH Test Process
189(1)
8.4 Example Problems
190(4)
8.5 Field Tests
194(1)
8.6 Bibliography
194(1)
Chapter 9 CFD Analysis in Turbomachinery
195(50)
9.1 Introduction
195(1)
9.2 CFD Methodology
196(2)
9.2.1 Mathematical-Physical Model of Flow in a Hydrodynamic Machine
196(2)
9.3 Turbulence Modeling Methods
198(1)
9.4 Reynolds Equations
199(15)
9.4.1 RANS Turbulence Models
199(1)
9.4.1.1 Eddy Viscosity Models
199(2)
9.4.1.2 Algebraic (Zero-Equation) Models
201(1)
9.4.1.3 Models Based on Turbulent Kinetic Energy
202(2)
9.4.1.4 One-Equation Models
204(1)
9.4.1.5 Two-Equation Models
204(4)
9.4.1.6 Modeling Flow Near Wall
208(4)
9.4.2 Rotor-Stator Interface
212(2)
9.5 CFD Simulation Workflow
214(8)
9.5.1 CFD Computational Domain
215(1)
9.5.2 Computational Mesh
215(3)
9.5.3 General Settings, Boundary, and Initial Conditions
218(3)
9.5.4 Simulation
221(1)
9.5.5 Model Refinement
222(1)
9.6 Processing CFD Simulation Results
222(4)
9.6.1 Checking the Accuracy of the Results
222(1)
9.6.2 Evaluation of Monitored Parameters
222(4)
9.7 Example Problems
226(18)
9.8 Bibliography
244(1)
Index 245
Dr. Getu Hailu is currently Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Alaska Anchorage. He has more than 20 years of experience in research and teaching. He designed, developed, and has been teaching turbomachinery courses at University of Alaska Anchorage at both the graduate and undergraduate level. He has supervised graduate and undergraduate research students, mainly in the thermo-fluids area. He is author/coauthor of more than 40 refereed publication. He is a member of ASME, ASHRAE, and IBPSA.

Professor Michal Varchola has been teaching and conducting research on turbomachinery for more than 40 years. He has published 5 monographs, 4 textbooks, 4 books, and more than 150 articles in journals and refereed conference proceedings. He has supervised 12 theses. He has been a lead investigator for numerous industry sponsored research. Prof. Varchola is a former chair of the Hydraulic and Pneumatic Equipment Machinery Department, Dean of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Vice Rector of Slovak Technical University.

Dr. Peter Hlbocan is currently a Research Engineer - Simulation Specialist with ZTS Research and Development (ZTS VaV, a.s.). His main duties include CFD simulations in the area of hydro energy. He has more than ten years of experience in CFD flow modeling. He has worked on several industry sponsored research projects focusing mainly on hydraulic performance improvements (modifications) and other hydraulic parameters. His work also includes CFD modeling of water pumps (radial, mixed-flow) and hydraulic turbines. He has also experience in teaching thermo-fluids courses and supervision of theses at Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava. He is author/coauthor of more than 30 refereed publication.