Preface |
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xix | |
Chapter 1 Circuits, Formulas, and Voltage Drop Calculations |
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1-1 | (1) |
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1-1 | (1) |
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Ohm's Law Diagram and Formulas |
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1-2 | (1) |
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Power Diagram and Formulas |
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1-2 | (1) |
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1-3 | (1) |
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1-4 | (1) |
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Three-Phase AC Circuits and the Utilization of Power |
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1-5 | (1) |
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1-5 | (1) |
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1-5 | (1) |
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1-5 | (1) |
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Multi-Wire System Voltages |
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1-6 | (1) |
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1-8 | (1) |
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Calculating Peak, Average, and Root-Mean-Square (RMS) Voltages |
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1-8 | (1) |
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1-9 | (1) |
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1-9 | (1) |
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1-10 | (1) |
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True Power and Apparent Power |
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1-11 | (1) |
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1-11 | (1) |
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1-12 | (1) |
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Capacitor Correction for Three-Phase Motors |
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1-13 | (1) |
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Delta and Wye Resistor Circuits |
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1-14 | (1) |
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Summary of Series, Parallel, and Combination Circuits |
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1-15 | (1) |
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1-16 | (1) |
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1-18 | (1) |
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Capacitors Connected in Series/Parallel |
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1-18 | (1) |
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1-19 | (1) |
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1-20 | (1) |
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Inductors Connected in Series/Parallel |
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1-20 | (1) |
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1-21 | (1) |
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Voltage Drop Using Ohm's Law |
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1-22 | (1) |
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1-22 | (1) |
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Calculating Branch Circuit Voltage Drop in Percent |
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1-22 | (1) |
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1-23 | (1) |
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Conductor Length/Voltage Drop |
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1-23 | (1) |
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Conductor Size/Voltage Drop |
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1-23 | (1) |
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Wire Length vs. Wire Size (Max Voltage Drop) |
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1-24 | (1) |
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1-25 | (1) |
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1-26 | (1) |
Chapter 2 Conduit, Cable, and Underground Installations |
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2-1 | (1) |
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2-2 | (1) |
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2-3 | (1) |
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2-4 | (1) |
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2-6 | (1) |
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Chicago-Type Conduit Bender-90° Bending |
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2-7 | (1) |
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Chicago-Type Conduit Bender-Offset Bending |
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2-8 | (1) |
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Multi-Shot 90° Conduit Bending |
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2-9 | (1) |
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2-12 | (1) |
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2-12 | (1) |
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2-12 | (1) |
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EMT Take-up for Hand Benders |
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2-13 | (1) |
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2-13 | (1) |
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Support Spacing for Rigid Metal Conduit |
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2-13 | (1) |
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Support Spacing for EMT and Metal Conduit |
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2-13 | (1) |
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Support Spacing for Rigid PVC |
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2-14 | (1) |
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Support Spacing for Flexible Conduits |
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2-14 | (1) |
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Expansion Characteristics of PVC Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit |
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2-14 | (1) |
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Conduit and Tubing-Allowable Area Dimensions for Wire Combinations |
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2-15 | (1) |
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Dimensions and Weights of Rigid Steel Conduit |
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2-18 | (1) |
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Dimensions of Threads for Rigid Steel Conduit |
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2-18 | (1) |
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Dimensions and Weights of Rigid Steel Couplings |
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2-19 | (1) |
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Dimensions and Weights of Rigid Steel 90° Elbows and Nipples |
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2-19 | (1) |
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Dimensions and Weights of EMT |
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2-20 | (1) |
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Dimensions of EMT 90° Elbows |
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2-20 | (1) |
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Conduit Master Bundles in Total Length and Weight |
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2-21 | (1) |
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Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable (Types NM and NMC) |
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2-22 | (1) |
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Underground Feeder and Branch-Circuit Cable (Type UF) |
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2-22 | (1) |
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2-23 | (1) |
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Service-Entrance Cable (Types SE and USE) |
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2-23 | (1) |
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Underground Installation Requirements |
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2-24 | (1) |
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Minimum Cover Requirements for Underground Installations |
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2-26 | (1) |
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Minimum Burial Depth Requirements Above 600 V |
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2-28 | (1) |
Chapter 3 Ampacity, Box Fill, Branch Circuits, Conductors, Enclosures, and Raceways |
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3-1 | (1) |
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Ampacity of Lamp and Extension Cords-Types S, SJ, SJT, SP, SPT, and ST |
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3-1 | (1) |
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Vertical Conductor Supports |
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3-1 | (1) |
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3-2 | (1) |
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3-2 | (1) |
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Power Transformer Color Code |
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3-2 | (1) |
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3-3 | (1) |
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3-3 | (1) |
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Electrical Cable Class Ratings |
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3-4 | (1) |
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Cable Insulation Moisture Ratings |
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3-4 | (1) |
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3-4 | (1) |
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3-5 | (1) |
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3-8 | (1) |
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Classifications of Hazardous Locations |
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3-10 | (1) |
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3-11 | (1) |
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3-12 | (1) |
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Sizes of Gutters and Wireways |
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3-12 | (1) |
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3-12 | (1) |
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Sizes of Pull Boxes and Junction Boxes |
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3-12 | (1) |
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3-13 | (1) |
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3-13 | (1) |
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Switchboards or Switchgear |
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3-13 | (1) |
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Area Dimensions of Insulated Conductors |
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3-14 | (1) |
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Junction Box Calculations |
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3-16 | (1) |
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Conductor Volume Allowance |
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3-16 | (1) |
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3-17 | (1) |
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Rigid Metal Conduit-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-18 | (1) |
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Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-20 | (1) |
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Nonmetallic Tubing-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-22 | (1) |
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Electrical Metallic Tubing-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-24 | (1) |
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Flexible Metal Conduit-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-26 | (1) |
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Rigid PVC Schedule 40 Conduit-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-28 | (1) |
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Rigid PVC Schedule 80 Conduit-Maximum Number of Conductors |
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3-30 | (1) |
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3-32 | (1) |
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Comparative Weights of Copper and Aluminum Conductors lb per 1,000 ft. |
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3-33 | (1) |
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Copper Wire Specifications |
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3-34 | (1) |
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3-35 | (1) |
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Conductor Dimensions and Resistances |
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3-36 | (1) |
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AC Resistance, Reactance, and Impedance for 1,000 Volt Cables Measured in Ohms to Neutral Per 1,000 Feet, 3 Phase, 60 Hz, 75°C Based on Three Single Conductors in PVC or Steel Conduit |
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3-39 | (1) |
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Ampacities of Copper Conductors (1) |
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3-42 | (1) |
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Ampacities of Copper Conductors (3) |
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3-44 | (1) |
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Ampacities of Aluminum or Copper-Clad Aluminum Conductors (1) |
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3-46 | (1) |
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Ampacities of Aluminum and Copper-Clad Aluminum Conductors (3) |
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3-48 | (1) |
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Ampacity Ratings for Flexible Cords and Power Cables at 30°C Ambient Temperature |
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3-50 | (1) |
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Ampacity Adjustments for 4 or More Conductors in a Cable or Raceway |
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3-51 | (1) |
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Ampacity Ratings for Single-Phase Service or Feeder Conductors in Normal Dwelling Units |
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3-51 | (1) |
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Branch Circuit Requirements |
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3-52 | (1) |
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Branch Circuit Permissible Loads |
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3-53 | (1) |
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Branch Circuit Fixture Wire Tap Sizes |
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3-53 | (1) |
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Maximum Cord-and-Plug Connected Load to Receptacle |
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3-54 | (1) |
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Receptacle Ratings for Various Size Circuits |
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3-54 | (1) |
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Demand Factors for Household Electric Clothes Dryers |
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3-54 | (1) |
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Demand Factors for Nondwelling Receptacle Loads |
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3-54 | (1) |
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Demand Factors for Kitchen Equipment in Nondwelling Applications |
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3-55 | (1) |
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Lighting Load Demand Factors |
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3-55 | (1) |
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Lighting Loads by Occupancy |
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3-56 | (1) |
Chapter 4 Receptacles, Switches, Interior Wiring, and Lighting |
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4-1 | (1) |
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Receptacles in Damp Locations |
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4-1 | (1) |
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Receptacles in Wet Locations |
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4-1 | (1) |
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Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units |
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4-2 | (1) |
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ARC-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection |
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4-2 | (1) |
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AFCI Receptacle Locations |
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4-2 | (1) |
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GFCI Receptacle Locations |
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4-3 | (1) |
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4-4 | (1) |
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Wiring Diagrams for Nema Plug and Receptacle Configurations |
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4-5 | (1) |
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Wiring Diagrams for AC Switches |
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4-10 | (1) |
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Wiring Diagrams for Pilot Light and Lighted Toggle Switches |
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4-11 | (1) |
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Family Room with Split-Wired Receptacles and Switched Circuit |
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4-12 | (1) |
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Residential Smoke Alarm Guidelines |
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4-13 | (1) |
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Residential Area Requirements for Smoke Alarm |
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4-14 | (1) |
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Smoke Alarm Wiring Requirements |
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4-14 | (1) |
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Family Room and Bedroom Receptacle Outlet Spacing |
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4-15 | (1) |
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Family Room Wiring Details |
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4-16 | (1) |
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WetBar and Track Lighting Wiring Details |
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4-16 | (1) |
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4-17 | (1) |
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Clothes Closet Wiring Details |
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4-17 | (1) |
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Hallway and Stairwell Wiring Details |
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4-18 | (1) |
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Laundry Room Wiring Details |
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4-18 | (1) |
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4-19 | (1) |
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Countertop Receptacle Outlet Spacing |
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4-20 | (1) |
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4-21 | (1) |
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Bathroom Receptacles and Spacing |
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4-23 | (1) |
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4-24 | (1) |
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Crawl Space and Inside Equipment Wiring Details |
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4-25 | (1) |
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Unfinished Basement Wiring Details |
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4-26 | (1) |
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Garage and Shop Receptacles |
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4-27 | (1) |
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Garage and Shop Wiring Details |
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4-28 | (1) |
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Storage Area Wiring Details |
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4-28 | (1) |
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4-29 | (1) |
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4-30 | (1) |
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4-31 | (1) |
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Lamp Advantages and Disadvantages |
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4-32 | (1) |
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4-32 | (1) |
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Lumens, Life, and Efficacy for Various Lamps |
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4-33 | (1) |
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Light Source Characteristics |
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4-35 | (1) |
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4-36 | (1) |
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4-36 | (1) |
Chapter 5 Grounding and Bonding |
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5-1 | (1) |
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Resistivities of Different Metals |
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5-1 | (1) |
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Resistivities of Different Soils |
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5-1 | (1) |
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Basic Grounded Conductor Rules |
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5-2 | (1) |
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Grounded Conductor-Neutral |
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5-4 | (1) |
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Grounded Conductor-Not Neutral |
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5-4 | (1) |
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Grounding Different Types of Circuits |
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5-5 | (1) |
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Grounding an Existing Circuit |
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5-7 | (1) |
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Grounding a Screw-Shellbase |
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5-7 | (1) |
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Bonding a Typical Service Entrance |
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5-8 | (1) |
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Bonding Service Equipment Methods |
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5-9 | (1) |
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Bonding Jumpers for Grounding Equipment Conductor Raceways |
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5-10 | (1) |
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Equipment Bonding Jumpers |
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5-11 | (1) |
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Equipment Grounding Conductors |
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5-12 | (1) |
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Minimum Size Conductors for Grounding Raceway and Equipment |
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5-13 | (1) |
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Basic Grounding Connections |
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5-14 | (1) |
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Grounding Electrode Conductors for AC Systems |
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5-15 | (1) |
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Types of Grounding Methods per the NEC® |
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5-16 | (1) |
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Grounding a Basic Nonmetallic Underground Service Raceway |
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5-17 | (1) |
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Grounding a Basic Overhead Electrical Service |
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5-18 | (1) |
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General Requirements for Grounding and Bonding Services |
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5-19 | (1) |
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Grounding a Typical Residential Wiring System |
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5-20 | (1) |
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Grounded Primary Distribution System |
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5-22 | (1) |
Chapter 6 Motors |
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6-1 | (1) |
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Designing Motor Branch Circuits |
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6-1 | (1) |
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Motor Branch Circuit Requirements |
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6-2 | (1) |
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Nema Ratings of AC Motor Starters in Amps Per HP, Phase, and Voltage |
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6-4 | (1) |
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Full-Load Currents in Amps for Various Three-Phase AC Motors |
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6-5 | (1) |
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Three-Phase AC Motor Requirements |
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6-6 | (1) |
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Full-Load Currents in Amps for Single-Phase AC Motors |
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6-8 | (1) |
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6-8 | (1) |
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Full-Load Currents in Amps for Direct Current Motors |
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6-9 | (1) |
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Direct Current Motor Requirements |
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6-10 | (1) |
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DC Motor Performance Characteristics |
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6-11 | (1) |
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Maximum Acceleration Time |
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6-11 | (1) |
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Horsepower Ratings for 240 Volt AC Safety Switches |
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6-12 | (1) |
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Maximum Rating or Setting of Motor Branch Circuit Overcurrent Protective Devices in Percent of Full-Load Current |
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6-14 | (1) |
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Overload Device Placement |
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6-15 | (1) |
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6-16 | (1) |
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6-16 | (1) |
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6-16 | (1) |
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6-16 | (1) |
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Locked Rotor Current Formulas |
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6-17 | (1) |
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6-18 | (1) |
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6-18 | (1) |
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Motor Torque per Motor Speed |
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6-19 | (1) |
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6-22 | (1) |
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Direct Current Motor Data |
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6-23 | (1) |
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Applications for Direct Current and Single-Phase Motors |
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6-24 | (1) |
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6-26 | (1) |
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Applications for Squirrel-Cage Motors |
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6-27 | (1) |
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6-28 | (1) |
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6-29 | (1) |
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Applications for Wound-Rotor and Synchronous Motors |
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6-30 | (1) |
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Types of Motor Enclosures |
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6-31 | (1) |
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6-31 | (1) |
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6-32 | (1) |
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Shaft Coupling Selections |
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6-32 | (1) |
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6-33 | (1) |
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6-33 | (1) |
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Nema Motor Frame Dimensions |
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6-34 | (1) |
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Frontal View of a Typical Motor |
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6-35 | (1) |
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Reference Page 6-34 for Dimensions |
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6-35 | (1) |
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Side View of a Typical Motor |
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6-35 | (1) |
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Rotation and Terminal Markings for Direct Current Motors |
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6-36 | (1) |
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Rotation and Terminal Markings for Single-Phase Motors |
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6-37 | (1) |
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Split-Phase, Squirrel-Cage Motors |
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6-37 | (1) |
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Split-Phase Motor Rotation |
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6-39 | (1) |
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Delta-Wound Motor Connections 240/480 V |
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6-40 | (1) |
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Wye-Wound Motor Connections 240/480 V |
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6-40 | (1) |
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Dual-Voltage, 3phi, Wye-Connected Motors |
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6-41 | (1) |
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Dual-Voltage, 3phi Delta-Connected Motors |
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6-42 | (1) |
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Star-Connected, Polyphase Motor |
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6-43 | (1) |
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Reversing Three-Phase Motors |
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6-43 | (1) |
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Motor Control Circuit Schematics |
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6-44 | (1) |
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Wiring Diagram of a Single-Phase Motor Connected to a Three-Phase Motor Starter |
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6-45 | (1) |
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Wiring Diagram of Hand Off Motor Control |
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6-46 | (1) |
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Wiring Diagram of Jogging with Control Relay |
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6-47 | (1) |
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Contactor and Motor Starter Troubleshooting Guide |
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6-48 | (1) |
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Direct Current Motor Troubleshooting Guide |
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6-50 | (1) |
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Three-Phase Motor Troubleshooting Guide |
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6-52 | (1) |
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Split-Phase Motor Troubleshooting Guide |
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6-54 | (1) |
Chapter 7 Transformers |
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7-1 | (1) |
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Sizing Transformer Circuits |
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7-1 | (1) |
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7-2 | (1) |
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7-3 | (1) |
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Feeder Tap and Transformer Tap Installation Guidelines |
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7-4 | (1) |
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Transformer Feed Tap Not Over 25 Feet Long |
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7-5 | (1) |
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Sizing Single-Phase Transformers |
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7-6 | (1) |
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Sizing Three-Phase Transformers |
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7-7 | (1) |
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Transformer Deratings Resulting from Higher Ambient Temperatures |
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7-8 | (1) |
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Calculating Derated kVA Capacity from Higher Ambient Temperatures |
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7-8 | (1) |
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Current-Voltage Relationship Between High Side and Low Side of a Transformer |
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7-9 | (1) |
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Testing a Transformer for Polarity |
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7-9 | (1) |
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Diagram of a Current Transformer |
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7-9 | (1) |
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Single-Phase Transformer Circuits |
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7-10 | (1) |
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Single-Phase Transformer Connections |
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7-11 | (1) |
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Various Transformer Connections |
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7-14 | (1) |
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Three-Phase Transformer Connections |
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7-15 | (1) |
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7-23 | (1) |
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An Additive-Polarity Transformer |
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7-23 | (1) |
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7-24 | (1) |
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Loads Connected Between Transformer Supply Points |
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7-24 | (1) |
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7-25 | (1) |
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Typical Boost Transformer Connections |
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7-26 | (1) |
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Typical Buck Transformer Connections |
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7-27 | (1) |
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7-28 | (1) |
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Transforming Winding Ratios |
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7-28 | (1) |
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Satisfactory Voltage Levels |
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7-28 | (1) |
Chapter 8 Communications and Electronics |
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8-1 | (1) |
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8-1 | (1) |
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Standard Telecom Color Coding |
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8-2 | (1) |
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Separation and Physical Protection for Premises Wiring |
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8-3 | (1) |
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Minimum Separation Distance from Power Source at 480 V or Less |
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8-3 | (1) |
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Conductors Entering Buildings |
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8-4 | (1) |
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Circuit Protection Requirements |
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8-4 | (1) |
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Interior Communications Conductors |
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8-5 | (1) |
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8-6 | (1) |
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8-6 | (1) |
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Twisted-Pair Plugs and Jacks |
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8-6 | (1) |
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8-6 | (1) |
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8-7 | (1) |
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8-7 | (1) |
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Installation Requirements |
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8-7 | (1) |
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8-7 | (1) |
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Standard Configurations for Several Common Networks |
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8-8 | (1) |
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Ethernet 10BaseT, Straight-Thru Patch Cord |
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8-8 | (1) |
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Ethernet 10BaseT, Crossover Patch Cord |
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8-8 | (1) |
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EIA-606 Colors and Functions of Cabling |
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8-8 | (1) |
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8-9 | (1) |
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Wiring Guide for Thermostat, Furnace, and Air Conditioning |
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8-9 | (1) |
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8-10 | (1) |
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Twin-Type Thermostat Circuit |
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8-11 | (1) |
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Intruder Alarm Circuit with Annunciator and Relay |
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8-12 | (1) |
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Electronic Wiring Color Codes |
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8-13 | (1) |
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Color Codes for Resistors |
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8-14 | (1) |
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Standard Values for Resistors |
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8-15 | (1) |
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8-15 | (1) |
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Color Codes for Capacitors |
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8-16 | (1) |
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Color Codes for Ceramic Capacitors |
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8-16 | (1) |
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Characteristics of Lead-Acid Batteries |
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8-17 | (1) |
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Magnetic Permeability of Some Common Materials |
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8-17 | (1) |
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Transistor Circuit Abbreviations |
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8-17 | (1) |
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Radio Frequency Classifications |
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8-17 | (1) |
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8-18 | (1) |
Chapter 9 Electrical and Job Safety |
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9-1 | (1) |
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Electrical Safety Guidelines |
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9-1 | (1) |
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Effect of Electric Current on the Human Body |
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9-2 | (1) |
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Electrical Safety Checklist |
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9-3 | (1) |
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Lockout/Tagout Procedures |
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9-4 | (1) |
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9-5 | (1) |
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9-5 | (1) |
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Top OSHA Electrical Violations (2001) |
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9-6 | (1) |
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Wiring Design and Protection for Construction Sites |
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9-7 | (1) |
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Required Working Clearance-Minimum Depth in Feet |
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9-10 | (1) |
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Minimum Elevation of Unguarded Live Parts Above Working Space in Feet |
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9-10 | (1) |
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Minimum Clearance-Live Parts |
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9-11 | (1) |
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9-12 | (1) |
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Electrical Glove Inspection |
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9-13 | (1) |
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Tree Trimming and Removal Safety |
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9-14 | (1) |
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Portable Generator Safety |
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9-15 | (1) |
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9-16 | (1) |
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Types of Fire Extinguishers |
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9-20 | (1) |
Chapter 10 Materials and Tools |
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10-1 | (1) |
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Strength Gain vs. Pull Angle |
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10-1 | (1) |
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Length of Wire Cable Per Reel |
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10-1 | (1) |
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Sheet Metal Screw Characteristics |
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10-2 | (1) |
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Wood Screw Characteristics |
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10-3 | (1) |
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Hex Head Bolt and Torque Characteristics |
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10-4 | (1) |
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Whitworth Hex Head Bolt and Torque Characteristics |
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10-6 | (1) |
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Metric Hex Head Bolt and Torque Characteristics |
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10-7 | (1) |
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Allen Head and Machine Screw Bolt and Torque Characteristics |
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10-8 | (1) |
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Tightening Torque in Pound-Feet-Screw Fit |
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10-9 | (1) |
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10-9 | (1) |
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10-10 | (1) |
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Taps and Dies-Metric Conversions |
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10-11 | (1) |
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Recommended Drilling Speeds |
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10-12 | (1) |
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Torque Lubrication Effects in Foot-Pounds |
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10-13 | (1) |
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10-13 | (1) |
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10-14 | (1) |
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10-14 | (1) |
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10-14 | (1) |
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Properties of Welding Gases |
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10-15 | (1) |
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10-15 | (1) |
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10-16 | (1) |
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Standard V Belt Lengths in Inches |
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10-18 | (1) |
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Extension Cord Sizes for Portable Tools |
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10-20 | (1) |
Chapter 11 Conversion Factors, Mathematics, and Units of Measurement |
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11-1 | (1) |
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Commonly Used Conversion Factors |
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11-1 | (1) |
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11-5 | (1) |
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Decimal Equivalents of Fractions |
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11-6 | (1) |
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Millimeter and Decimal Inch Equivalents |
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11-7 | (1) |
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11-8 | (1) |
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11-10 | (1) |
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11-12 | (1) |
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Commonly Used Geometrical Relationships |
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11-16 | (1) |
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Common Engineering Units and Their Relationship |
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11-17 | (1) |
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Conversion Table for Temperature-°F/°C |
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11-18 | (1) |
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11-20 | (1) |
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11-20 | (1) |
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Common Electrical Quantities |
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11-20 | (1) |
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|
11-20 | (1) |
Chapter 12 Symbols |
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12-1 | (1) |
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12-1 | (1) |
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12-2 | (1) |
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12-4 | (1) |
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12-6 | (1) |
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Panelboards, Switchboards, and Related Equipment |
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12-9 | (1) |
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12-9 | (1) |
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12-10 | (1) |
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12-14 | (1) |
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PushButton, Momentary, or Spring Return |
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|
12-14 | (1) |
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PushButton, Maintained, or No-Spring Return |
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|
12-14 | (1) |
Chapter 13 Glossary |
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13-1 | |