This book critically examines the approaches to Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants programming in Africa.
Drawing on empirical evidence from across the continent, the book investigates the different theories, contextual realities and approaches that have informed the establishment and implementation of such programmes, the opportunities they have provided for stability, peace and security, and the challenges with which they have contended. The book combines broader theoretical analysis with country-specific case studies, including Nigeria, the Central African Republic, South Sudan, Somalia, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Burundi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Overall, the book asks how DDR programming has evolved in Africa, what factors have contributed to the success or failure of DDR processes, and what we can expect for DDR in Africa in the future.
This book will be a useful guide for students and researchers across the fields of Peace and Conflict Studies, Security Studies, History, Political Science, Sociology, and African Studies.
This book critically examines the approaches to Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants programming in Africa.
Part I: Conceptual and Contextual Background
Introduction: DDR in Theory and Practice in Africa and Beyond: Emerging
Trends and Frameworks
Ibrahim Bangura
Lessons from the African Unions Engagement on DDR in Africa
Augustine Owusu, Rhoda Mwende Kiilu and Shreya Paudel
Part II: Concepts, Contexts and Themes
Linking Transitional Justice and Disarmament, Demobilisation, and
Reintegration in Africa: A Practical Analysis
Mohamed Suma
Release and Reintegration of Children Formerly Associated with Armed Forces
and Armed Groups in Africa: A Critical Reflection
Fatuma Ibrahim
Lessons Learned and Promising Approaches to Gender-Responsive DDR Programming
in Africa
Luisa Maria Dietrich Ortega
Emerging Trends: DDR and Countering Violent Extremism in Africa
Ibrahim Bangura and Henry Mbawa
Part III: Contextual Case Studies
A Narrow and Uncertain Path: Operation Safe Corridor and the Defectors
Programme in Northeast Nigeria
Usman Tar and Sasilkar Banu
Innovations to DDR to address the Identity-Based Violent Conflicts and
Stabilise Combatants of Central African Republic
Irma Specht
Release and reintegration of the children of the White Army of South Sudan:
Cultural Realities versus DDR Programming
Irma Specht
Connecting the Dots: DDR, Economic Recovery and Peacebuilding in the
Democratic Republic of Congo
Mark van Dorp
Somalia: Towards a Fourth Generation DDR?
Mohamed Gibril Sesay
Incomplete Disarmament, Demobilisation, Rehabilitation and Reintegration
(DDRR): A Prescription for Prolonged Fragility in Liberia
Raphaela Tabea Kormoll and T. Debey Sayndee
Interrogating DDR and Peacebuilding Experience in Post-War Sierra Leone
Henry Mbawa
A Contextual and Intersectional Analysis of Ex-Combatant Reintegration: The
Case of Burundi
Élise Féron
From Combatants to Civilians: A Never-Ending Transition in Zimbabwe
Godfrey Maringira; Edmore Chitukutuku and Simbarashe Gukurume
When Ex-Combatants Return to Violent Townships: Expectations and
Masculinities Among Azania Peoples Liberation Army in South Africa
Godfrey Maringira, Simbarashe Gukurume and Malose Langa
Part V Drawing Conclusions
Conclusion: Looking to the Future: DDR, Stabilisation and Peacebuilding in
Africa Ibrahim Bangura
Ibrahim Bangura is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies, Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone, and is a senior partner of Transition International, Netherlands.
