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List of tables and figures |
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15 | (6) |
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Chapter 1 The notion of `Anglicism': When definitions disagree |
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21 | (44) |
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1 English: from first language to first secoud language |
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21 | (3) |
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2 Coming to terms: English dictionaries and the notion of Anglicism |
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24 | (4) |
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3 Defining `Anglicism' in contact linguistics |
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28 | (5) |
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4 Anglicisms as neologisms |
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33 | (3) |
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5 The notion of `language contact' |
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36 | (5) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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5.2.1 Cultural exports I: Original products |
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39 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Cultural exports II: Translated products |
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39 | (1) |
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5.2.3 Cultural exports III: Partially translated products |
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40 | (1) |
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6 Defining `sources': Where do words come from? |
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41 | (4) |
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6.1 Anglicisms and their disputed etymology |
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43 | (2) |
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7 The charm of Anglicisms: Should they make sense? |
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45 | (3) |
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8 The fate of Anglicisms in recipient languages |
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48 | (3) |
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8.1 The semantic functions of Anglicisms |
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50 | (1) |
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9 Dictionaries - and Anglicisms - compared |
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51 | (10) |
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9.1 General evaluation: size, scope, contents |
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51 | (6) |
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9.2 Relay Anglicisms in the six dictionaries |
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57 | (4) |
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10 The six dictionaries as tools for assessing the impact of English |
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61 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 Analyzing Anglicisms |
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65 | (38) |
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1 Toward a systematic approach to Anglicisms |
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65 | (1) |
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2 Metaphors we die by: The English killer and the flood of Anglicisms |
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65 | (2) |
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3 Danish attitudes to English and Anglicisms |
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67 | (5) |
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4 Getting the definition right |
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72 | (3) |
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5 Creating a taxonomy of Anglicisms |
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75 | (15) |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (5) |
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84 | (6) |
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6 Anglicisms: Cuckoos or multiple births? Some Danish examples |
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90 | (7) |
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7 Survival of the fittest? A hierarchy of success |
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97 | (3) |
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8 Not all is English that glitters |
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100 | (3) |
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Chapter 3 Anglification through translation |
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103 | (34) |
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1 Foreignization: The Trojan horse in translation (studies)? |
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103 | (1) |
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2 Domestication vs. foreignization: A matter of degrees |
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104 | (2) |
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3 English and the lopsidedness of translation: A quantitative overview |
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106 | (7) |
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4 The impact of translation(s) from English |
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113 | (2) |
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5 The notion of `minor language' and the size of English |
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115 | (4) |
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6 Relay translation: a symptom of imbalance |
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119 | (2) |
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7 Translationese: definitions and ramifications |
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121 | (6) |
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7.1 Translationese in the making: Studying a Danish literary translation |
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124 | (2) |
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7.2 Translationese via dubbing and subtitling: different modes, same effect? |
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126 | (1) |
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8 Subtitling: introducing or limiting Anglicisms in Danish? |
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127 | (2) |
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9 Monosemiotic media: Anglicisms gaining ground in original texts |
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129 | (4) |
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10 Epilogue: Beyond translation |
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133 | (4) |
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Chapter 4 The spread of Anglicisms in Danish |
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137 | (22) |
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1 Worrying about the influence of English |
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137 | (1) |
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2 Measuring Anglicism richness |
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138 | (2) |
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3 Counts of Anglicisms in post-2000 Danish lexis |
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140 | (4) |
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4 Anglicism density studied |
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144 | (13) |
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144 | (2) |
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4.2 The Danish newspaper study |
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146 | (1) |
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4.3 Data gathering and short overview of results |
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147 | (1) |
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4.4 The newspaper data: genres and types of English influence |
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148 | (4) |
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4.5 Pragmatic borrowings: The ultimate type of Anglicism? |
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152 | (2) |
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4.6 Danish print media's use of Anglicisms in 2014 vs. 2000 |
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154 | (3) |
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5 Modest numbers, great effects |
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157 | (2) |
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Chapter 5 Danish Anglicisms: Invisible successes? |
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159 | (34) |
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1 The background: English and the world language system |
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159 | (1) |
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2 English moving from foreign to second language |
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160 | (3) |
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3 The Danish situation: Anglicisms in an emerging ESL society |
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163 | (3) |
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4 Looking beneath the surface: `Invisible' multi-word units as a test case |
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166 | (3) |
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5 Methods and material of this study |
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169 | (3) |
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5.1 Electronic sources and data gathering |
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170 | (2) |
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6 The success of non-randomly selected English-based expressions |
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172 | (7) |
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6.1 I det lange løb > in the long run |
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172 | (1) |
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6.2 Dag ind og dag ud > day in and day out |
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173 | (1) |
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6.3 Fa enderne til at mødes > make ends meet |
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174 | (1) |
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6.4 Nar det kommer til... > when it comes to |
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174 | (1) |
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6.5 Det faktum at... > the fact that |
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174 | (3) |
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6.6 Have sex ≥t; have sex |
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177 | (1) |
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6.7 Conclusions regarding the non-random searches |
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178 | (1) |
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7 Randomly selected English-based constructions: Less successful? |
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179 | (8) |
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7.1 Fa tjek pa > check out |
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180 | (1) |
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7.2 Fjernundervisning > distance learning |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (1) |
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7.4 Opsparinger > savings |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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7.6 Varm Kartoffel > hot potato |
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184 | (2) |
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7.7 Conclusions regarding the random searches |
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186 | (1) |
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8 The fate of single-word Anglicisms in Danish |
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187 | (6) |
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Chapter 6 Are all Anglicisms pseudo-English? Quantifying pseudo-Anglicisms in Danish |
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193 | (54) |
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1 Defining pseudo-Anglicisms |
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193 | (3) |
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2 Pseudo-loans and internationalisms |
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196 | (1) |
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3 When is a loan `false' or `pseudo'? |
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197 | (2) |
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4 The term `borrowing': Misleading yet useful |
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199 | (2) |
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5 Pseudo-Anglicisms: Conceived by mistake or for fun? |
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201 | (1) |
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6 Qualifying and quantifying neologisms |
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202 | (2) |
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7 Pseudo-Anglicisms: How common are they? |
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204 | (1) |
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8 Types of pseudo-Anglicisms |
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205 | (3) |
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8.1 Core vs. peripheral pseudo-borrowings: where to draw the line? |
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207 | (1) |
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9 Danish pseudo-Anglicisms: Room for systematic observations |
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208 | (6) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (2) |
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212 | (1) |
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9.5 Beyond our categories: vocal pseudo-Anglicisms |
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213 | (1) |
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10 On finding and counting Danish pseudo-Anglicisms |
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214 | (2) |
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11 A listing of frequent Danish pseudo-Anglicisms |
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216 | (13) |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (6) |
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11.4 Mobbing and whiskers: two Danish examples of neosemantization |
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228 | (1) |
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11.5 Neosemanticized clippings |
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229 | (1) |
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12 The nature of Danish pseudo-Anglicisms |
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229 | (4) |
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13 Are pseudo-Anglicisms passe in Danish? |
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233 | (2) |
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14 `English' coinages abroad feeding back into English |
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235 | (5) |
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14.1 Coinages made in Denmark |
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236 | (1) |
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14.2 Coinages in other speech communities |
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237 | (3) |
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15 Chinese pseudo-Anglicisms: Defying the local norms of writing |
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240 | (2) |
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16 Transmitted Anglicisms: Another `pseudo' aspect |
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242 | (1) |
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17 The future of pseudo-Anglicisms |
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243 | (2) |
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18 Are all Anglicisms pseudo-English? |
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245 | (2) |
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Chapter 7 From Germanisms to Anglicisms: Shifting loyalties in Danish |
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247 | (32) |
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1 Linguistic borrowing, a never-ending power play |
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247 | (4) |
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2 Anglo-Saxons bearing gifts |
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251 | (1) |
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3 The future of Danish: Use it or lose it |
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252 | (2) |
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4 "It used to be German": Before the Anglification of Danish |
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254 | (6) |
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5 A diachronic comparison of Germanisms and Anglicisms in Danish |
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260 | (14) |
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5.1 Ten hand-picked Germanisms: the data |
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260 | (4) |
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5.2 Interpreting the `hand-picked' data |
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264 | (2) |
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5.3 Twenty randomly selected Germanisms: the data |
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266 | (4) |
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5.4 Interpreting the `random' data |
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270 | (4) |
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6 The usefulness of longitudinal studies and the role of German(isms) |
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274 | (5) |
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Chapter 8 English-inspired naming habits in Denmark and beyond: Prestige lost & found |
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279 | (50) |
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1 Naming habits and the role of English |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (3) |
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3 Methodology: Statistics, multiple given names and spelling variants |
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283 | (3) |
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4 English names in America, Britain, and Scandinavia |
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286 | (6) |
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5 How English and `international' names became mainstream in Scandinavia |
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292 | (4) |
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6 English names in Europe outside Scandinavia |
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296 | (6) |
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7 English names outside Europe |
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302 | (3) |
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8 From babies to entire populations: English names are still rare in Denmark |
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305 | (3) |
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9 The social connotations of English names |
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308 | (6) |
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10 English names: From shibboleths to internationalisms |
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314 | (4) |
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318 | (5) |
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12 Choosing English names not perceived as English |
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323 | (2) |
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13 Epilogue: English middle names, Danish storms, and names for English tastes |
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325 | (4) |
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Chapter 9 When English is seen as a threat: The case of South Africa |
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329 | (98) |
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1 South Africa - a testbed for the advances of English? |
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329 | (11) |
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1.1 Facts of life in South Africa |
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330 | (1) |
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1.2 Language equality in South Africa: an illusion? |
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331 | (5) |
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1.3 Language-political strategies in South Africa |
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336 | (4) |
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2 The role of English in past and present South Africa |
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340 | (4) |
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2.1 English in South African media |
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343 | (1) |
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3 Anglification - and how to assess it |
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344 | (2) |
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346 | (9) |
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346 | (4) |
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4.2 Anglification or petrification? |
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350 | (5) |
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5 English and Afrikaans: Cohabitation and rivalry |
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355 | (12) |
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355 | (7) |
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5.2 Aspects and prospects of Anglification |
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362 | (5) |
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6 English influence in South Africa: Terms, definitions, and connotations |
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367 | (4) |
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7 Dictionary definitions of Anglicism: Description vs. prescription |
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371 | (8) |
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8 Contact-induced change, bilingualism, and convergence |
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379 | (6) |
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9 The lure of English in South Africa |
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385 | (3) |
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10 The Anglification of Afrikaans: Attitudes and metaphors |
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388 | (4) |
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11 Purism and the survival of Afrikaans |
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392 | (8) |
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12 Outsiders' attitudes to Afrikaans |
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400 | (2) |
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13 Standardization and Standard Afrikaans |
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402 | (3) |
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14 `Invisible' English language features in Afrikaans |
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405 | (3) |
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15 Internationalisms, Anglicisms, and the role of translations |
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408 | (6) |
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16 Translationese and domain loss: English for sure |
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414 | (5) |
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16.1 English influence via newspaper translations |
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416 | (1) |
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16.2 The English-Afrikaans tug-of-war in the broadcast media |
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417 | (2) |
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17 English-Afrikaans code-switching |
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419 | (4) |
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18 Consequences of code-switching in South African media |
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423 | (2) |
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19 South Africa and beyond |
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425 | (2) |
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Chapter 10 Different Echoes, same English song? |
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427 | (18) |
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1 A multitude of attitudes and approaches to Anglicisms |
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427 | (1) |
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2 Danish and Afrikaans: Different histories |
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427 | (5) |
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3 Anglification: Afrikaans way ahead of Danish |
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432 | (7) |
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432 | (1) |
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432 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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434 | (1) |
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3.5 Prepositional choices |
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434 | (1) |
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3.6 English-induced changes of frequency and/or valency of existing words |
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434 | (1) |
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3.7 Increasing use of English-based verbs and adjectives |
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435 | (1) |
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3.8 `Bastards' and tautologies: Ugly, yet hardly ducklings |
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435 | (1) |
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3.9 English-looking words being revived or boosted |
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436 | (1) |
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3.10 Loss of semantic distinctions |
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437 | (1) |
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3.11 Prescriptive attitudes toward English |
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438 | (1) |
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4 Contemporary Danish between purism and Anglification |
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439 | (6) |
References |
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445 | (56) |
Index of Anglicisms |
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501 | (12) |
Index of Languages |
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513 | (4) |
Subject index |
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517 | |