| To the Student |
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ix | |
| Preface |
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xi | |
| About the Companion Website |
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xiii | |
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1 Introduction and Approach |
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1 | (16) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Necessary Assumptions |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (2) |
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1.4 Equation of State and Fluid Properties |
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4 | (6) |
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10 | (7) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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Glossary of Terms and Symbols |
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14 | (3) |
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2 Fluid Dynamic Fundamentals |
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17 | (18) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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2.3 Control Volume Approach |
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18 | (4) |
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2.4 Lift, Drag, and Pitching Moment |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (7) |
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2.6 Small Perturbation Theory in Steady Compressible Flows |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (4) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (2) |
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3 Dynamics of Incompressible Flows |
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35 | (12) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (3) |
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39 | (2) |
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3.5 Superposition of Elementary Flows |
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41 | (1) |
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3.6 Theorems of Helmholtz and Kelvin |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (3) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (2) |
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4 Mass, Momentum, and Energy Principles |
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47 | (12) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (1) |
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4.5 Kutta-Joukowski Theorem |
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50 | (2) |
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4.6 Pressure-Energy Equation |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (3) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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5 Thin Airfoils in Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow |
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59 | (16) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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5.4 Thin Airfoil Theory in Incompressible Flow |
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60 | (2) |
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5.5 Symmetric Contribution at Angle of Attack |
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62 | (4) |
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5.6 Camber Contribution at Zero Angle of Attack |
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66 | (2) |
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5.7 Flapped Symmetric Airfoil at Zero Angle of Attack |
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68 | (2) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (4) |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (2) |
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6 Thin Wings of Finite Span in Incompressible Flow |
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75 | (14) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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6.4 Downwash Velocity and Elliptic Spanwise Lift Distribution |
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76 | (4) |
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6.5 Experimental Verification Using Drag Polars |
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80 | (1) |
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6.6 Non-elliptic Planforms and Twist |
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81 | (1) |
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6.7 Effects of Lifting Line Theory on Airplane Performance |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (3) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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7 Viscous Boundary Layers |
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89 | (14) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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7.3 The Boundary Layer Concept |
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90 | (1) |
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7.4 Contributions to Drag |
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91 | (1) |
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7.5 Skin-Friction Drag on Airfoils |
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92 | (4) |
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7.6 Approximate Viscous Boundary Layer Profiles |
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96 | (3) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (3) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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8 Fundamentals of Compressible Flow |
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103 | (18) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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8.3 Speed of Sound and Mach Waves |
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104 | (1) |
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8.4 Steady-State Isentropic Flow |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (6) |
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112 | (2) |
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8.7 Supersonic Flat-plate Airfoils |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (4) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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9 Thin Airfoils in Compressible Flow |
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121 | (18) |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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9.3 Two-Dimensional Compressible Flow Around Thin Airfoils |
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122 | (3) |
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9.4 The Mach Number Dependence |
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125 | (4) |
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129 | (3) |
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9.6 Aircraft Wings in Compressible Flow |
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132 | (2) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (4) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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10 Transonic and Hypersonic Aerodynamics |
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139 | (16) |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (4) |
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10.4 Thick Airfoils for High Subsonic and Transonic Flight |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (5) |
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150 | (2) |
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152 | (3) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (2) |
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11 High-Lift Airfoils in Incompressible Flow |
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155 | (18) |
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11.1 Introduction and Approach |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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11.3 Nonlinear Thin Airfoil Theory |
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156 | (6) |
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11.4 Pitching Moment at c/4 and the Aerodynamic Center |
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162 | (1) |
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11.5 High-Lift Wing Mechanisms |
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163 | (3) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (4) |
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170 | (3) |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (1) |
| Appendix A Standard Atmosphere SI Units |
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173 | (2) |
| Appendix B Software |
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175 | (4) |
Appendix C Equations for Chapters 5 and 6 |
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179 | (2) |
| Selected References |
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181 | (2) |
| Answers to Selected Problems |
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183 | (4) |
| Index |
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187 | |