Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Elephants, Economics and Ivory [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 176 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 330 g
  • Sari: Environmental and Resource Economics Set
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Mar-2013
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415847338
  • ISBN-13: 9780415847339
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 176 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 330 g
  • Sari: Environmental and Resource Economics Set
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Mar-2013
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415847338
  • ISBN-13: 9780415847339
Ivory is big business, and in some parts of Africa elephants have been hunted almost to extinction in the quest for it. The losses to African economies have been catastrophic. Now there is an international ban on the trade and conservation is. the principal goal. This should be a matter for rejoicing, but nothing is quite so simple. The authors of this book have looked at the overall statistics, including those for countries where the elephant population is stable. They have considered the multiplicity of economic and social functions fulfilled by ensuring that elephant herds survive, tourism, a variety of ecological purpose. and, finally, as a source of ivory. They show how the careful management of elephants as a resource can best serve African interests. This book is at the cutting edge of economic thinking and provides a model for the consideration of the difficult relationship between people and wildlife.

Originally published in 19990
List of Tables
vii
List of Figures
ix
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
x
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xiii
1 Elephants in Decline
1(26)
Introduction
1(1)
The decline of the African elephant
2(2)
The role of the ivory trade
4(7)
The economics of the decline in elephant populations
11(3)
Further issues in the decline of elephant populations
14(3)
Economic incentives for conservation
17(4)
Current situation
21(6)
Appendix 1.1 A bioeconomic model of elephant decline
22(5)
2 African Exports: Quantity and Value
27(22)
Introduction
27(1)
Background to Africa's ivory trade
27(3)
Estimating African ivory exports: 1950-88
30(3)
The value of African ivory exports: 1979-88
33(6)
Intra-Africa trade and the African carving industry
39(10)
Appendix 2.1 An approach to estimating African ivory exports, 1950-88
44(2)
Appendix 2.2 Estimating the value of African ivory exports, 1979-88
46(3)
3 The Ivory Trade Flow: Worked and Unworked
49(32)
Intermediate and final demand
49(2)
Difficulties in tracing ivory trade flows
51(2)
Trade flows and final demand: Hong Kong and Japan
53(8)
Trade flows and final demand: Europe
61(3)
Trade flows and final demand: USA
64(3)
Trade flows and final demand: China
67(2)
Trade flows and final demand: India
69(2)
Trade flows and final demand: other countries
71(10)
Conclusion
75(1)
Appendix 3.1 Worked ivory trade database
75(6)
4 Demand Analysis: Japan and Hong Kong
81(24)
Introduction
81(2)
Japan analysis
83(8)
Hong Kong analysis
91(14)
Conclusion
100(1)
Appendix 4.1 The raw ivory demand model: Japan
101(1)
Appendix 4.2 The raw ivory demand model: Hong Kong
101(4)
5 Policies for the Regulation of the Ivory Trade
105(26)
Introduction
105(3)
Regulation in the range states
108(7)
Previous attempts at international regulation
115(5)
International regulation and the African elephant
120(5)
Alternative mechanisms for international regulation
125(6)
Conclusion
128(3)
6 Looking to the Future: Policy Options to Save the Elephant
131(19)
Current CITES regulation: The Appendix I Listing
131(1)
The impact of an ivory trade ban
132(6)
A proposal for the international regulation of the trade
138(3)
Domestic reform: the importance of local ownership
141(9)
Conclusion: The future of the African elephant
146(4)
Index 150
Timothy M. Swanson, Edward B. Barbier, Joanne C. Burgess, David W. Pearce