Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Embedded Linux Primer: A Practical Real-World Approach 2nd edition [Kõva köide]

3.94/5 (88 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Kõva köide
  • Hind: 64,66 €*
  • * saadame teile pakkumise kasutatud raamatule, mille hind võib erineda kodulehel olevast hinnast
  • See raamat on trükist otsas, kuid me saadame teile pakkumise kasutatud raamatule.
  • Kogus:
  • Lisa ostukorvi
  • Tasuta tarne
  • Lisa soovinimekirja
Embedded Linux Primer: A Practical Real-World Approach 2nd editionSuurem pilt
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780137017836.html
Märksõnad:
Up-to-the-Minute, Complete Guidance for Developing Embedded Solutions with Linux

 

Linux has emerged as todays #1 operating system for embedded products. Christopher Hallinans Embedded Linux Primer has proven itself as the definitive real-world guide to building efficient, high-value, embedded systems with Linux. Now, Hallinan has thoroughly updated this highly praised book for the newest Linux kernels, capabilities, tools, and hardware support, including advanced multicore processors.

 

Drawing on more than a decade of embedded Linux experience, Hallinan helps you rapidly climb the learning curve, whether youre moving from legacy environments or youre new to embedded programming. Hallinan addresses todays most important development challenges and demonstrates how to solve the problems youre most likely to encounter.

Youll learn how to build a modern, efficient embedded Linux development environment, and then utilize it as productively as possible. Hallinan offers up-to-date guidance on everything from kernel configuration and initialization to bootloaders, device drivers to file systems, and BusyBox utilities to real-time configuration and system analysis. This edition adds entirely new chapters on UDEV, USB, and open source build systems.

 





Tour the typical embedded system and development environment and understand its concepts and components. Understand the Linux kernel and userspace initialization processes. Preview bootloaders, with specific emphasis on U-Boot. Configure the Memory Technology Devices (MTD) subsystem to interface with flash (and other) memory devices. Make the most of BusyBox and latest open source development tools. Learn from expanded and updated coverage of kernel debugging. Build and analyze real-time systems with Linux. Learn to configure device files and driver loading with UDEV. Walk through detailed coverage of the USB subsystem. Introduces the latest open source embedded Linux build systems. Reference appendices include U-Boot and BusyBox commands.
Foreword for the First Edition xxv
Foreword for the Second Edition xxvi
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments for the First Edition xxxiii
Acknowledgments for the Second Edition xxxv
About the Author xxxvi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1(8)
1.1 Why Linux?
2(1)
1.2 Embedded Linux Today
3(1)
1.3 Open Source and the GPL
3(2)
1.3.1 Free Versus Freedom
4(1)
1.4 Standards and Relevant Bodies
5(3)
1.4.1 Linux Standard Base
5(1)
1.4.2 Linux Foundation
6(1)
1.4.3 Carrier-Grade Linux
6(1)
1.4.4 Mobile Linux Initiative: Moblin
7(1)
1.4.5 Service Availability Forum
7(1)
1.5 Summary
8(1)
1.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
8(1)
Chapter 2 The Big Picture 9(28)
2.1 Embedded or Not?
10(2)
2.1.1 BIOS Versus Bootloader
11(1)
2.2 Anatomy of an Embedded System
12(8)
2.2.1 Typical Embedded Linux Setup
13(1)
2.2.2 Starting the Target Board
14(2)
2.2.3 Booting the Kernel
16(2)
2.2.4 Kernel Initialization: Overview
18(1)
2.2.5 First User Space Process: init
19(1)
2.3 Storage Considerations
20(12)
2.3.1 Flash Memory
20(2)
2.3.2 NAND Flash
22(1)
2.3.3 Flash Usage
23(1)
2.3.4 Flash File Systems
24(1)
2.3.5 Memory Space
25(1)
2.3.6 Execution Contexts
26(2)
2.3.7 Process Virtual Memory
28(2)
2.3.8 Cross-Development Environment
30(2)
2.4 Embedded Linux Distributions
32(2)
2.4.1 Commercial Linux Distributions
33(1)
2.4.2 Do-It-Yourself Linux Distributions
33(1)
2.5 Summary
34(3)
2.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
35(2)
Chapter 3 Processor Basics 37(26)
3.1 Stand-Alone Processors
38(5)
3.1.1 IBM 970FX
39(1)
3.1.2 Intel Pentium M
39(1)
3.1.3 Intel Atom™
40(1)
3.1.4 Freescale MPC7448
40(1)
3.1.5 Companion Chipsets
41(2)
3.2 Integrated Processors: Systems on Chip
43(16)
3.2.1 Power Architecture
44(1)
3.2.2 Freescale Power Architecture
44(1)
3.2.3 Freescale PowerQUICC I
45(1)
3.2.4 Freescale PowerQUICC II
46(1)
3.2.5 PowerQUICC II Pro
47(1)
3.2.6 Freescale PowerQUICC III
48(1)
3.2.7 Freescale QorIQ™
48(2)
3.2.8 AMCC Power Architecture
50(3)
3.2.9 MIPS
53(1)
3.2.10 Broadcom MIPS
54(1)
3.2.11 Other MIPS
55(1)
3.2.12 ARM
55(1)
3.2.13 TI ARM
56(2)
3.2.14 Freescale ARM
58(1)
3.2.15 Other ARM Processors
59(1)
3.3 Other Architectures
59(1)
3.4 Hardware Platforms
60(1)
3.4.1 CompactPCI
60(1)
3.4.2 ATCA
60(1)
3.5 Summary
61(2)
3.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
62(1)
Chapter 4 The Linux Kernel: A Different Perspective 63(36)
4.1 Background
64(4)
4.1.1 Kernel Versions
65(2)
4.1.2 Kernel Source Repositories
67(1)
4.1.3 Using git to Download a Kernel
68(1)
4.2 Linux Kernel Construction
68(10)
4.2.1 Top-Level Source Directory
69(1)
4.2.2 Compiling the Kernel
69(3)
4.2.3 The Kernel Proper: vmlinux
72(1)
4.2.4 Kernel Image Components
73(4)
4.2.5 Subdirectory Layout
77(1)
4.3 Kernel Build System
78(11)
4.3.1 The Dot-Config
78(2)
4.3.2 Configuration Editor(s)
80(3)
4.3.3 Makefile Targets
83(6)
4.4 Kernel Configuration
89(7)
4.4.1 Custom Configuration Options
91(4)
4.4.2 Kernel Makefiles
95(1)
4.5 Kernel Documentation
96(1)
4.6 Obtaining a Custom Linux Kernel
96(1)
4.6.1 What Else Do I Need?
97(1)
4.7 Summary
97(2)
4.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
98(1)
Chapter 5 Kernel Initialization 99(32)
5.1 Composite Kernel Image: Piggy and Friends
100(9)
5.1.1 The Image Object
103(1)
5.1.2 Architecture Objects
104(1)
5.1.3 Bootstrap Loader
105(1)
5.1.4 Boot Messages
106(3)
5.2 Initialization Flow of Control
109(6)
5.2.1 Kernel Entry Point: head.o
111(2)
5.2.2 Kernel Startup: main.c
113(1)
5.2.3 Architecture Setup
114(1)
5.3 Kernel Command-Line Processing
115(7)
5.3.1 The __setup Macro
116(6)
5.4 Subsystem Initialization
122(3)
5.4.1 The *_initcall Macros
122(3)
5.5 The init Thread
125(4)
5.5.1 Initialization Via init calls
126(1)
5.5.2 initcall_debug
127(1)
5.5.3 Final Boot Steps
127(2)
5.6 Summary
129(2)
5.6.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
130(1)
Chapter 6 User Space Initialization 131(28)
6.1 Root File System
132(5)
6.1.1 FHS: File System Hierarchy Standard
133(1)
6.1.2 File System Layout
133(1)
6.1.3 Minimal File System
134(2)
6.1.4 The Embedded Root FS Challenge
136(1)
6.1.5 Trial-and-Error Method
137(1)
6.1.6 Automated File System Build Tools
137(1)
6.2 Kernel's Last Boot Steps
137(3)
6.2.1 First User Space Program
139(1)
6.2.2 Resolving Dependencies
139(1)
6.2.3 Customized Initial Process
140(1)
6.3 The init Process
140(6)
6.3.1 inittab
143(2)
6.3.2 Sample Web Server Startup Script
145(1)
6.4 Initial RAM Disk
146(7)
6.4.1 Booting with initrd
147(1)
6.4.2 Bootloader Support for initrd
148(2)
6.4.3 initrd Magic: linuxrc
150(1)
6.4.4 The initrd Plumbing
151(1)
6.4.5 Building an initrd Image
152(1)
6.5 Using initramfs
153(3)
6.5.1 Customizing initramfs
154(2)
6.6 Shutdown
156(1)
6.7 Summary
156(3)
6.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
157(2)
Chapter 7 Bootloaders 159(42)
7.1 Role of a Bootloader
160(1)
7.2 Bootloader Challenges
161(5)
7.2.1 DRAM Controller
161(1)
7.2.2 Flash Versus RAM
162(1)
7.2.3 Image Complexity
162(3)
7.2.4 Execution Context
165(1)
7.3 A Universal Bootloader: Das U-Boot
166(8)
7.3.1 Obtaining U-Boot
166(1)
7.3.2 Configuring U-Boot
167(2)
7.3.3 U-Boot Monitor Commands
169(1)
7.3.4 Network Operations
170(3)
7.3.5 Storage Subsystems
173(1)
7.3.6 Booting from Disk
174(1)
7.4 Porting U-Boot
174(13)
7.4.1 EP405 U-Boot Port
175(1)
7.4.2 U-Boot Makefile Configuration Target
176(1)
7.4.3 EP405 First Build
177(1)
7.4.4 EP405 Processor Initialization
178(3)
7.4.5 Board-Specific Initialization
181(3)
7.4.6 Porting Summary
184(1)
7.4.7 U-Boot Image Format
185(2)
7.5 Device Tree Blob (Flat Device Tree)
187(7)
7.5.1 Device Tree Source
189(3)
7.5.2 Device Tree Compiler
192(1)
7.5.3 Alternative Kernel Images Using DTB
193(1)
7.6 Other Bootloaders
194(3)
7.6.1 Lilo
194(1)
7.6.2 GRUB
195(2)
7.6.3 Still More Bootloaders
197(1)
7.7 Summary
197(4)
7.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
198(3)
Chapter 8 Device Driver Basics 201(26)
8.1 Device Driver Concepts
202(10)
8.1.1 Loadable Modules
203(1)
8.1.2 Device Driver Architecture
204(1)
8.1.3 Minimal Device Driver Example
204(1)
8.1.4 Module Build Infrastructure
205(4)
8.1.5 Installing a Device Driver
209(1)
8.1.6 Loading a Module
210(1)
8.1.7 Module Parameters
211(1)
8.2 Module Utilities
212(5)
8.2.1 insmod
212(1)
8.2.2 lsmod
213(1)
8.2.3 modprobe
213(1)
8.2.4 depmod
214(1)
8.2.5 rmmod
215(1)
8.2.6 modinfo
216(1)
8.3 Driver Methods
217(5)
8.3.1 Driver File System Operations
217(3)
8.3.2 Allocation of Device Numbers
220(1)
8.3.3 Device Nodes and mknod
220(2)
8.4 Bringing It All Together
222(1)
8.5 Building Out-of-Tree Drivers
223(1)
8.6 Device Drivers and the GPL
224(1)
8.7 Summary
225(2)
8.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
226(1)
Chapter 9 File Systems 227(34)
9.1 Linux File System Concepts
228(2)
9.1.1 Partitions
229(1)
9.2 ext2
230(5)
9.2.1 Mounting a File System
232(1)
9.2.2 Checking File System Integrity
233(2)
9.3 ext3
235(2)
9.4 ext4
237(1)
9.5 ReiserFS
238(1)
9.6 JFFS2
239(3)
9.6.1 Building a JFFS2 Image
240(2)
9.7 cramfs
242(2)
9.8 Network File System
244(4)
9.8.1 Root File System on NFS
246(2)
9.9 Pseudo File Systems
248(7)
9.9.1 /proc File System
249(3)
9.9.2 sysfs
252(3)
9.10 Other File Systems
255(1)
9.11 Building a Simple File System
256(2)
9.12 Summary
258(3)
9.12.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
259(2)
Chapter 10 MTD Subsystem 261(28)
10.1 MTD Overview
262(5)
10.1.1 Enabling MTD Services
263(2)
10.1.2 MTD Basics
265(2)
10.1.3 Configuring MTD on Your Target
267(1)
10.2 MTD Partitions
267(12)
10.2.1 Redboot Partition Table Partitioning
269(4)
10.2.2 Kernel Command-Line Partitioning
273(1)
10.2.3 Mapping Driver
274(2)
10.2.4 Flash Chip Drivers
276(1)
10.2.5 Board-Specific Initialization
276(3)
10.3 MTD Utilities
279(5)
10.3.1 JFFS2 Root File System
281(3)
10.4 UBI File System
284(3)
10.4.1 Configuring for UBIFS
284(1)
10.4.2 Building a UBIFS Image
284(3)
10.4.3 Using UBIFS as the Root File System
287(1)
10.5 Summary
287(2)
10.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
288(1)
Chapter 11 BusyBox 289(16)
11.1 Introduction to BusyBox
290(1)
11.1.1 BusyBox Is Easy
291(1)
11.2 BusyBox Configuration
291(2)
11.2.1 Cross-Compiling BusyBox
293(1)
11.3 BusyBox Operation
293(10)
11.3.1 BusyBox init
297(2)
11.3.2 Sample rcS Initialization Script
299(1)
11.3.3 BusyBox Target Installation
300(2)
11.3.4 BusyBox Applets
302(1)
11.4 Summary
303(2)
11.4.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
304(1)
Chapter 12 Embedded Development Environment 305(20)
12.1 Cross-Development Environment
306(5)
12.1.1 "Hello World" Embedded
307(4)
12.2 Host System Requirements
311(1)
12.2.1 Hardware Debug Probe
311(1)
12.3 Hosting Target Boards
312(10)
12.3.1 TFTP Server
312(1)
12.3.2 BOOTP/DHCP Server
313(3)
12.3.3 NFS Server
316(2)
12.3.4 Target NFS Root Mount
318(2)
12.3.5 U-Boot NFS Root Mount Example
320(2)
12.4 Summary
322(3)
12.4.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
323(2)
Chapter 13 Development Tools 325(42)
13.1 GNU Debugger (GDB)
326(7)
13.1.1 Debugging a Core Dump
327(2)
13.1.2 Invoking GDB
329(2)
13.1.3 Debug Session in GDB
331(2)
13.2 Data Display Debugger
333(2)
13.3 cbrowser/cscope
335(2)
13.4 Tracing and Profiling Tools
337(18)
13.4.1 strace
337(4)
13.4.2 strace Variations
341(2)
13.4.3 ltrace
343(1)
13.4.4 ps
344(2)
13.4.5 top
346(2)
13.4.6 mtrace
348(2)
13.4.7 dmalloc
350(3)
13.4.8 Kernel Oops
353(2)
13.5 Binary Utilities
355(6)
13.5.1 readelf
355(2)
13.5.2 Examining Debug Information Using readelf
357(2)
13.5.3 objdump
359(1)
13.5.4 objcopy
360(1)
13.6 Miscellaneous Binary Utilities
361(3)
13.6.1 strip
361(1)
13.6.2 addr2line
361(1)
13.6.3 strings
362(1)
13.6.4 ldd
362(1)
13.6.5 nm
363(1)
13.6.6 prelink
364(1)
13.7 Summary
364(3)
13.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
365(2)
Chapter 14 Kernel Debugging Techniques 367(56)
14.1 Challenges to Kernel Debugging
368(1)
14.2 Using KGDB for Kernel Debugging
369(12)
14.2.1 KGDB Kernel Configuration
371(1)
14.2.2 Target Boot with KGDB Support
372(4)
14.2.3 Useful Kernel Breakpoints
376(1)
14.2.4 Sharing a Console Serial Port with KGDB
377(2)
14.2.5 Debugging Very Early Kernel Code
379(1)
14.2.6 KGDB Support in the Mainline Kernel
380(1)
14.3 Kernel Debugging Techniques
381(29)
14.3.1 gdb Remote Serial Protocol
382(3)
14.3.2 Debugging Optimized Kernel Code
385(7)
14.3.3 GDB User-Defined Commands
392(1)
14.3.4 Useful Kernel GDB Macros
393(9)
14.3.5 Debugging Loadable Modules
402(5)
14.3.6 printk Debugging
407(2)
14.3.7 Magic SysReq Key
409(1)
14.4 Hardware-Assisted Debugging
410(7)
14.4.1 Programming Flash Using a JTAG Probe
411(2)
14.4.2 Debugging with a JTAG Probe
413(4)
14.5 When It Doesn't Boot
417(4)
14.5.1 Early Serial Debug Output
417(1)
14.5.2 Dumping the printk Log Buffer
417(3)
14.5.3 KGDB on Panic
420(1)
14.6 Summary
421(2)
14.6.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
422(1)
Chapter 15 Debugging Embedded Linux Applications 423(22)
15.1 Target Debugging
424(1)
15.2 Remote (Cross) Debugging
424(5)
15.2.1 gdbserver
427(2)
15.3 Debugging with Shared Libraries
429(6)
15.3.1 Shared Library Events in GDB
431(4)
15.4 Debugging Multiple Tasks
435(7)
15.4.1 Debugging Multiple Processes
435(3)
15.4.2 Debugging Multithreaded Applications
438(3)
15.4.3 Debugging Bootloader/Flash Code
441(1)
15.5 Additional Remote Debug Options
442(1)
15.5.1 Debugging Using a Serial Port
442(1)
15.5.2 Attaching to a Running Process
442(1)
15.6 Summary
443(2)
15.6.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
444(1)
Chapter 16 Open Source Build Systems 445(20)
16.1 Why Use a Build System?
446(1)
16.2 Scratchbox
447(4)
16.2.1 Installing Scratchbox
447(1)
16.2.2 Creating a Cross-Compilation Target
448(3)
16.3 Buildroot
451(3)
16.3.1 Buildroot Installation
451(1)
16.3.2 Buildroot Configuration
451(1)
16.3.3 Buildroot Build
452(2)
16.4 OpenEmbedded
454(10)
16.4.1 OpenEmbedded Composition
455(1)
16.4.2 BitBake Metadata
456(1)
16.4.3 Recipe Basics
456(4)
16.4.4 Metadata Tasks
460(1)
16.4.5 Metadata Classes
461(1)
16.4.6 Configuring OpenEmbedded
462(1)
16.4.7 Building Images
463(1)
16.5 Summary
464(1)
16.5.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
464(1)
Chapter 17 Linux and Real Time 465(22)
17.1 What Is Real Time?
466(3)
17.1.1 Soft Real Time
466(1)
17.1.2 Hard Real Time
467(1)
17.1.3 Linux Scheduling
467(1)
17.1.4 Latency
467(2)
17.2 Kernel Preemption
469(4)
17.2.1 Impediments to Preemption
469(2)
17.2.2 Preemption Models
471(1)
17.2.3 SMP Kernel
472(1)
17.2.4 Sources of Preemption Latency
473(1)
17.3 Real-Time Kernel Patch
473(5)
17.3.1 Real-Time Features
475(1)
17.3.2 O(1) Scheduler
476(1)
17.3.3 Creating a Real-Time Process
477(1)
17.4 Real-Time Kernel Performance Analysis
478(7)
17.4.1 Using Ftrace for Tracing
478(1)
17.4.2 Preemption Off Latency Measurement
479(2)
17.4.3 Wakeup Latency Measurement
481(2)
17.4.4 Interrupt Off Timing
483(1)
17.4.5 Soft Lockup Detection
484(1)
17.5 Summary
485(2)
17.5.1 Suggestion for Additional Reading
485(2)
Chapter 18 Universal Serial Bus 487(34)
18.1 USB Overview
488(7)
18.1.1 USB Physical Topology
488(2)
18.1.2 USB Logical Topology
490(1)
18.1.3 USB Revisions
491(1)
18.1.4 USB Connectors
492(2)
18.1.5 USB Cable Assemblies
494(1)
18.1.6 USB Modes
494(1)
18.2 Configuring USB
495(5)
18.2.1 USB Initialization
497(3)
18.3 sysfs and USB Device Naming
500(2)
18.4 Useful USB Tools
502(6)
18.4.1 USB File System
502(2)
18.4.2 Using usbview
504(3)
18.4.3 USB Utils (1susb)
507(1)
18.5 Common USB Subsystems
508(8)
18.5.1 USB Mass Storage Class
508(3)
18.5.2 USB HID Class
511(1)
18.5.3 USB CDC Class Drivers
512(3)
18.5.4 USB Network Support
515(1)
18.6 USB Debug
516(3)
18.6.1 usbmon
517(1)
18.6.2 Useful USB Miscellanea
518(1)
18.7 Summary
519(2)
18.7.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
519(2)
Chapter 19 udev 521(28)
19.1 What Is udev?
522(1)
19.2 Device Discovery
523(2)
19.3 Default udev Behavior
525(2)
19.4 Understanding udev Rules
527(11)
19.4.1 Modalias
530(3)
19.4.2 Typical udev Rules Configuration
533(2)
19.4.3 Initial System Setup for udev
535(3)
19.5 Loading Platform Device Drivers
538(2)
19.6 Customizing udev Behavior
540(1)
19.6.1 udev Customization Example: USB Automounting
540(1)
19.7 Persistent Device Naming
541(4)
19.7.1 udev Helper Utilities
542(3)
19.8 Using udev with busybox
545(3)
19.8.1 busybox mdev
545(2)
19.8.2 Configuring mdev
547(1)
19.9 Summary
548(1)
19.9.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
548(1)
Appendix A GNU Public License 549(8)
Preamble
550(1)
Terms and Conditions for Copying, Distribution, and Modification
551(4)
No Warranty
555(2)
Appendix B U-Boot Configurable Commands 557(4)
Appendix C BusyBox Commands 561(10)
Appendix D SDRAM Interface Considerations 571(10)
D.1 SDRAM Basics
572(2)
D.1.1 SDRAM Refresh
573(1)
D.2 Clocking
574(1)
D.3 SDRAM Setup
575(5)
D.4 Summary
580(1)
D.4.1 Suggestions for Additional Reading
580(1)
Appendix E Open Source Resources 581(4)
Source Repositories and Developer Information
582(1)
Mailing Lists
582(1)
Linux News and Developments
583(1)
Open Source Legal Insight and Discussion
583(2)
Appendix F Sample BDI-2000 Configuration File 585(8)
Index 593
Christopher Hallinan is a technical marketing engineer for the Embedded Systems Division of Mentor Graphics, living and working in Florida. He has spent more than 25 years in the networking and communications industry, mostly in various product development, management, and marketing roles, where he developed a strong background in the space where hardware meets software. Prior to joining Mentor Graphics, he spent nearly seven years as a field applications engineer for Monta Vista Software. Before that, Hallinan spent four years as an independent Linux consultant, providing custom Linux board ports, device drivers, and bootloaders. His introduction to the open source community was through contributions to the popular U-Boot bootloader. When not messing about with Linux, he is often found singing and playing a Taylor or Martin.