| Introduction |
|
vi | |
| How to use this Book |
|
vii | |
| PART ONE --- ENGINE OPERATION AND TUNE-UP REQUIREMENTS |
|
1 | (100) |
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Engine Operating Principles |
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2 | (27) |
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2 | (3) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (3) |
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10 | (5) |
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Engine Displacement and Compression Ratio |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (3) |
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Engine-Ignition Synchronization |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (5) |
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28 | (1) |
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Engine Air-Fuel Requirements |
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29 | (16) |
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Air Pressure---High and Low |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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Introduction to Electronic Engine Controls |
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32 | (2) |
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34 | (7) |
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41 | (3) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (17) |
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45 | (1) |
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Motor Oil Composition and Additives |
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45 | (3) |
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48 | (3) |
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Engine Oiling System and Pressure Requirements |
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51 | (8) |
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Engine Lubrication Effects on Mechanical Wear |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (2) |
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Cooling and Exhaust Systems |
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62 | (23) |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (3) |
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68 | (1) |
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Cooling System Components |
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69 | (8) |
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Engine Temperature Effects on Performance, Economy, and Emissions |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (6) |
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83 | (2) |
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Introduction to Emission Controls |
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85 | (11) |
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Air Pollution---A Perspective |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (2) |
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Pollution and the Automobile |
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88 | (1) |
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Smog---Climatic Reaction with Air Pollutants |
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88 | (2) |
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Air Pollution Legislation and Regulatory Agencies |
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90 | (4) |
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Automotive Emission Controls |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (5) |
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Tune-Up's Changing Meaning |
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96 | (1) |
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Automakers' Maintenance Recommendations |
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97 | (1) |
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Parts and Equipment Suppliers' Recommendations |
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98 | (1) |
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Severe Service Effects on Tune-Up Requirements |
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98 | (1) |
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Exhaust Emission Inspection Standards |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
| PART TWO --- ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS |
|
101 | (120) |
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Battery, Cranking, and Charging Systems |
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|
102 | (38) |
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Battery Operation and Construction |
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102 | (12) |
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Charging System Operation |
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114 | (16) |
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Cranking System Operation |
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130 | (8) |
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138 | (2) |
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Ignition Primary Circuit and Components |
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140 | (18) |
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140 | (1) |
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High Voltage Through Induction |
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140 | (2) |
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Basic Circuits and Current Flow |
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142 | (1) |
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Primary Circuit Components |
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142 | (11) |
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Breaker-Point Distributors |
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153 | (4) |
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157 | (1) |
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Ignition Secondary Circuit and Components |
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158 | (18) |
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158 | (8) |
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Distributor Cap and Rotor |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (4) |
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175 | (1) |
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Ignition Timing and Spark Advance Control |
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176 | (13) |
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Reviewing Basic Timing and Burn Time |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (7) |
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Early Spark-Timing Emission Controls |
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183 | (1) |
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Principal Spark-Timing Controls of the 1970s |
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184 | (2) |
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Decline and Fall of Early Spark-Timing Controls |
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186 | (1) |
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Early Electronically Controlled Timing |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (1) |
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Solid-State Ignition Systems |
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189 | (32) |
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Basic Solid-State Systems |
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189 | (3) |
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ICM's and the Primary Circuit |
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192 | (1) |
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Triggering Devices and Ignition Timing |
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193 | (4) |
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Electronic Ignition Dwell, Timing, and Advance |
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197 | (3) |
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Electronic Distributor-Type Ignition Systems |
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200 | (6) |
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Distributorless Ignition Systems |
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206 | (14) |
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220 | (1) |
| PART THREE --- THE FUEL SYSTEM |
|
221 | (84) |
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Fuel and Air Intake System Operation |
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222 | (35) |
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222 | (4) |
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226 | (4) |
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Evaporative Emission Control Systems |
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230 | (6) |
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236 | (8) |
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244 | (5) |
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Air Intake Temperature Control |
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249 | (6) |
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255 | (2) |
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Basic Carburetion and Manifolding |
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257 | (48) |
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257 | (2) |
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Airflow and the Venturi Principle |
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259 | (1) |
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Carburetion Operating Principles |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (11) |
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272 | (2) |
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Variable-Venturi (Constant Depression) Carburetors |
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274 | (3) |
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277 | (4) |
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Carburetor Circuit Variations and Assist Devices |
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281 | (7) |
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Altitude-Compensating Carburetors |
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288 | (3) |
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Feedback-Controlled Carburetors |
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291 | (4) |
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Intake Manifold Principles |
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295 | (3) |
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Basic Intake Manifold Types |
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298 | (2) |
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Intake Manifold Heat Control |
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300 | (3) |
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303 | (2) |
| PART FOUR --- ELECTRONIC ENGINE MANAGEMENT |
|
305 | (128) |
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Principles of Electronic Control Systems |
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306 | (29) |
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Basic Electrical Concepts |
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306 | (7) |
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Principles of Solid-State Electronics |
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313 | (6) |
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319 | (10) |
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Fuel Control System Operating Modes |
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329 | (4) |
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333 | (2) |
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Electronic Engine Control: Sensors, Actuators, and Operation |
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335 | (44) |
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335 | (14) |
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349 | (4) |
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Fuel Management Strategy, Ignition Timing, and EGR Flow |
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353 | (4) |
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Levels of Electronic Engine Control |
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357 | (4) |
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Engine Control System Development |
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361 | (5) |
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On-Board Diagnostics Generation II (OBD-II) Systems |
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366 | (11) |
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377 | (2) |
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Gasoline Fuel Injection Systems and Intake Manifolding |
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379 | (34) |
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Fuel Injection Operating Requirements |
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379 | (1) |
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Advantages of Fuel Injection |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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Types of Fuel Injection Systems |
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382 | (4) |
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Common Subsystems and Components |
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386 | (10) |
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Specific Fuel Injection Systems |
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396 | (10) |
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Fuel Injection Intake Manifold Systems |
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406 | (6) |
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412 | (1) |
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Supercharging and Turbocharging |
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413 | (20) |
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413 | (1) |
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The Benefits of Air-Fuel Mixture Compression |
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413 | (1) |
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414 | (7) |
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421 | (7) |
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428 | (4) |
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432 | (1) |
| PART FIVE --- EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEMS |
|
433 | (51) |
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Variable and Flexible Fuel Systems |
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434 | (14) |
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Variable or Flexible Fuel Vehicles |
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434 | (1) |
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M85 and Methanol-Blended Fuels |
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435 | (1) |
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Methanol and Automotive Engines |
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436 | (1) |
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Common Subsystems and Components |
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437 | (1) |
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General Motors VFV Fuel System |
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438 | (6) |
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General Motors VFV Emission Control Systems |
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444 | (1) |
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Ford Flexible Fuel (FF) System |
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445 | (1) |
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Ford FF Emission Control Systems |
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446 | (1) |
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447 | (1) |
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Positive Crankcase Ventilation |
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448 | (7) |
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448 | (1) |
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448 | (2) |
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450 | (2) |
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Orifice-Controlled Systems |
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452 | (1) |
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Separator-Controlled Systems |
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453 | (1) |
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454 | (1) |
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454 | (1) |
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455 | (9) |
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Basic System Design and Operation |
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455 | (6) |
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Air Injection and Catalytic Converters |
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461 | (1) |
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462 | (1) |
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463 | (1) |
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Exhaust Gas Recirculation |
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464 | (14) |
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464 | (1) |
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465 | (7) |
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Computer-Controlled EGR and Pulse Width Modulation |
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472 | (4) |
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476 | (2) |
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478 | (6) |
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478 | (2) |
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480 | (1) |
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480 | (2) |
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482 | (1) |
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On-Board Diagnostics Generation II Catalytic Converter Monitoring Strategy |
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482 | (1) |
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483 | (1) |
| Ase Sample Certification Exam |
|
484 | (4) |
| Glossary of Technical Terms |
|
488 | (9) |
| Index |
|
497 | (10) |
| Answers to Review and Ase Questions |
|
507 | |
| Introduction |
|
vi | |
| How to use this Book |
|
vii | |
| PART ONE --- INTRODUCTION TO ENGINE TESTING AND TUNE-UP |
|
1 | (104) |
|
Fundamentals of Testing and Tune-Up |
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|
2 | (15) |
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2 | (2) |
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4 | (2) |
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Organized Troubleshooting |
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6 | (3) |
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Troubleshooting Tables and Diagnostic Approaches |
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|
9 | (2) |
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11 | (1) |
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Sources of Specifications and Service Procedures |
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12 | (3) |
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Fundamentals of a Good Tune-Up |
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15 | (2) |
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Electrical, Tune-Up, and Engine Test Equipment |
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|
17 | (26) |
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17 | (1) |
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Simple Electrical Test Devices |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (4) |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (6) |
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37 | (2) |
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Programmed Engine Analyzers |
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39 | (3) |
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42 | (1) |
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Comprehensive Engine Tests |
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|
43 | (27) |
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43 | (3) |
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Preliminary Tune-Up Inspection |
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|
46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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Battery Capacity (Load) Test |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (2) |
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Ignition Oscilloscope Testing |
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52 | (8) |
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60 | (2) |
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The Exhaust Gas Emission Analyzer |
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62 | (3) |
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Basic Five-Gas Exhaust Analysis |
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|
65 | (5) |
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Engine Mechanical---Testing and Service |
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70 | (16) |
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70 | (3) |
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Engine Compression Testing |
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73 | (2) |
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75 | (1) |
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Interpreting Power Balance, Compression, and Leakage Test Results |
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|
76 | (1) |
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77 | (9) |
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Cooling System---Testing and Service |
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|
86 | (19) |
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Cooling System Safety Precautions |
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86 | (1) |
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Cooling System Inspection |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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Cooling System Testing and Repair |
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|
90 | (7) |
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Cleaning the Cooling System |
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|
97 | (2) |
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|
99 | (2) |
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Replacing Cooling System Parts |
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|
101 | (4) |
| PART TWO --- ELECTRICAL SYSTEM---TESTING AND SERVICE |
|
105 | (122) |
|
Battery, Cranking, and Charging System Tests |
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|
106 | (26) |
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106 | (5) |
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Cranking System Circuit Resistance Tests |
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|
111 | (4) |
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Charging System Tests---Specific Alternators |
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|
115 | (17) |
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Ignition Primary Circuit---Testing and Service |
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|
132 | (28) |
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132 | (2) |
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Breaker-Point Primary Circuit Voltmeter Tests |
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134 | (1) |
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Chrysler Electronic Ignition Systems |
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|
135 | (7) |
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General Motors (Delco-Remy) Electronic Ignition Systems |
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|
142 | (6) |
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Ford Electronic Ignition Systems |
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148 | (2) |
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Ballast Resistor Test and Replacement |
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|
150 | (3) |
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Testing Coils in Distributor-Type Ignition Systems |
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|
153 | (2) |
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Breaker-Point Dwell Test and Adjustment |
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|
155 | (4) |
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Electronic Primary Circuit Service |
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|
159 | (1) |
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Ignition Secondary Circuit Testing and Service |
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|
160 | (18) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (2) |
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Ignition Cable, Distributor Cap, and Rotor Replacement |
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162 | (6) |
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168 | (8) |
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Special Secondary Circuit Oscilloscope Tests |
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|
176 | (2) |
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178 | (34) |
|
Breaker-Point Service in the Vehicle |
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|
178 | (3) |
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181 | (3) |
|
Breaker-Point Distributor Overhaul Procedures |
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|
184 | (3) |
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Breaker-Point Distributor Test and Adjustment |
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|
187 | (7) |
|
Solid-State Electronic Distributor Overhaul Procedures |
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|
194 | (15) |
|
Solid-State Distributor Test and Adjustment |
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|
209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
|
Ignition Timing---Test, and Adjustment |
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|
212 | (15) |
|
Ignition Timing Tests and Adjustments |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
Computer-Controlled Timing |
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|
212 | (10) |
|
Timing Tests and Adjustment with Integrated Engine Controls |
|
|
222 | (5) |
| PART THREE --- FUEL SYSTEM TESTING AND SERVICE |
|
227 | (48) |
|
Fuel and Air Intake System Service |
|
|
228 | (16) |
|
|
|
228 | (4) |
|
Evaporative Emission Control System Maintenance |
|
|
232 | (1) |
|
Mechanical Fuel Pump Tests |
|
|
233 | (2) |
|
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235 | (2) |
|
|
|
237 | (1) |
|
Thermostatically Controlled Air Cleaner Service |
|
|
238 | (4) |
|
Air Intake Throttle Body Service |
|
|
242 | (2) |
|
Carburetor Adjustments on the Car |
|
|
244 | (31) |
|
Using the Vehicle Emission Control Information Decal |
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
Carburetor Adjustment Principles |
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
Later-Model Carburetor Service Requirements and Precautions |
|
|
245 | (2) |
|
Automatic Choke Adjustment |
|
|
247 | (9) |
|
|
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256 | (3) |
|
Idle Speed and Mixture Adjustments |
|
|
259 | (3) |
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262 | (4) |
|
Variable-Venturi Carburetor Adjustments |
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|
266 | (2) |
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268 | (1) |
|
Deceleration Throttle Controls |
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|
269 | (3) |
|
Mixture Control Solenoid Adjustment (On-Car) |
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
Throttle Position Sensor Adjustment (On-Car) |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
Idle-Speed Control Adjustment (On-Car) |
|
|
274 | (1) |
| PART FOUR --- ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL MANAGEMENT |
|
275 | (62) |
|
Electronic Engine Control System---Testing and Service |
|
|
276 | (33) |
|
Troubleshooting Principles |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
Electronic System Service Precautions |
|
|
277 | (1) |
|
How Self-Diagnostic Systems Use Diagnostic Trouble Codes |
|
|
278 | (8) |
|
General Motors Self-Diagnostic Servicing Procedures |
|
|
286 | (6) |
|
Ford Self-Diagnostic Servicing Procedures |
|
|
292 | (3) |
|
Chrysler Self-Diagnostic Servicing Procedures |
|
|
295 | (3) |
|
Oscilloscope Waveform Analysis |
|
|
298 | (4) |
|
Exhaust Oxygen Sensor Testing and Service |
|
|
302 | (2) |
|
Fuel Injector Solenoid Service |
|
|
304 | (1) |
|
Throttle Position Sensor (TP) Adjustment |
|
|
305 | (2) |
|
Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM) Replacement |
|
|
307 | (2) |
|
Gasoline Fuel Injection---Testing and Service |
|
|
309 | (17) |
|
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
Troubleshooting Fuel Injection Systems |
|
|
310 | (2) |
|
Guidelines for Servicing Fuel Injection Components |
|
|
312 | (10) |
|
Basic Fuel Injection Idle Adjustments |
|
|
322 | (4) |
|
Turbocharger and Supercharger---Testing and Service |
|
|
326 | (11) |
|
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
Troubleshooting a Turbocharger |
|
|
328 | (5) |
|
Replacing Turbocharger Components |
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
Supercharger Service and Diagnosis |
|
|
334 | (3) |
| PART FIVE --- EMISSION CONTROL---TESTING AND SERVICE |
|
337 | (29) |
|
Positive Crankcase Ventilation System Service |
|
|
338 | (7) |
|
|
|
338 | (2) |
|
|
|
340 | (2) |
|
Orifice Flow Control System Services |
|
|
342 | (2) |
|
Crankcase Ventilation Filter Service |
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
Air Injection System Service |
|
|
345 | (10) |
|
Air Injection System Inspection and Testing |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Air Pump Testing and Service |
|
|
346 | (4) |
|
Air Injection Valve Testing and Service |
|
|
350 | (4) |
|
Air Injection Component Service |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Catalytic Converter---Testing and Service |
|
|
355 | (11) |
|
EGR System Testing and Service |
|
|
355 | (9) |
|
Catalytic Converter Testing |
|
|
364 | (2) |
| Index |
|
366 | |
