Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Engineering of Glacial Deposits [Pehme köide]

(University of Leeds, UK)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 548 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 453 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 12-Dec-2019
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367865483
  • ISBN-13: 9780367865481
Teised raamatud teemal:
Engineering of Glacial DepositsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 548 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 453 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 12-Dec-2019
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367865483
  • ISBN-13: 9780367865481
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780367865481.html
Märksõnad:
At some time 30% of the worlds land mass was covered by glaciers leaving substantial deposits of glacial soils under major conurbations in Europe, North and South America, New Zealand, Europe and Russia. For instance, 60% of the UK has been affected, leaving significant glacial deposits under major conurbations where two thirds of the population live.





Glacial soils are composite soils with significant variations in composition and properties and are recognised as challenging soils to deal with. Understanding the environment in which they were formed and how this affects their behaviour are critical because they do not always conform to classic theories of soil mechanics.





This book is aimed at designers and contractors working in the construction and extractive industries to help them mitigate construction hazards on, with or in glacial deposits. These soils increase risks to critical infrastructure which, in the UK includes the majority of the road and rail network, coastal defences such as the fastest eroding coastline in Europe and most of the water supply reservoirs.





It brings together many years of experience of research into the behaviour of glacial deposits drawing upon published and unpublished case studies from industry. It draws on recent developments in understanding of the geological processes and the impact they have upon the engineering properties, construction processes and performance of geotechnical structures. Unlike other books on glaciation it brings together all the relevant disciplines in earth sciences and engineering to make it directly relevant to the construction industry.

Arvustused

"I know that this one is a book I shall acquire and use... it is a book that merits reading from cover to cover.

It was a delight to see a book on engineering that recognizes the important role of geological processes in forming soils, therefore explaining their properties and behavior."

-- Eddie Bromhead, retired professor and consulting engineer

"This authoritative and well referenced book contains a wealth of information about glaciation, glacial geology and the engineering aspects of construction on and in glacial deposits."

-- John Hudson, Imperial College, London and past president International Society of Rock Mechanics

Preface xi
Author xiii
1 Introduction
1(12)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Glaciation
2(3)
1.3 Engineering glacial soils
5(1)
1.4 Glacial soil
5(1)
1.5 The evolution of glacial geology
6(1)
1.6 The past is the key to the present
7(1)
1.7 Glacial soils are the most variable of all soils
8(1)
1.8 `We know more about the stars above us than the soils beneath our feet' (Leonardo da Vinci, c. 1600)
9(2)
1.9 Observations
11(2)
2 Glacial geology
13(60)
2.1 Introduction
13(2)
2.2 Glacial soils IS
15(21)
2.2.1 Fades
22(3)
2.2.2 Primary deposits
25(5)
2.2.2.1 Subglacial traction tills
30(2)
2.2.2.2 Melt-out till
32(1)
2.2.3 Secondary deposits
32(1)
2.2.3.1 Glaciofluvial deposits
33(1)
2.2.3.2 Glacial sedimentation
33(3)
2.3 Glacial depositional landforms
36(12)
2.3.1 Subglacial landforms formed by ice
39(2)
2.3.1.1 Drumlins
41(3)
2.3.1.2 Flutes
44(1)
2.3.1.3 Rogens (ribbed moraines)
44(1)
2.3.1.4 Erratics
45(1)
2.3.2 Subglacial landforms formed by water
45(1)
2.3.3 Ice margin moraines
45(1)
2.3.3.1 Push moraines
45(2)
2.3.3.2 Dump moraines
47(1)
2.3.3.3 Ablation moraines
47(1)
2.3.4 Glaciofluvial ice marginal landforms
47(1)
2.4 Glacial land systems
48(2)
2.5 Glacial dynamics
50(10)
2.5.1 Glacier movement due to substrate deformation
56(1)
2.5.2 Sliding
57(1)
2.5.3 Friction and sliding
57(1)
2.5.4 Erosion
58(2)
2.5.5 Deposition
60(1)
2.6 Subglacial deformation
60(10)
2.6.1 Hydraulic conditions
63(1)
2.6.2 Deformation
64(2)
2.6.3 Local deformation
66(4)
2.7 Observations
70(3)
3 Ground investigation in glacial soils
73(56)
3.1 Introduction
73(1)
3.2 Design of a ground investigation
74(1)
3.3 Desk study
75(1)
3.4 Site reconnaissance
76(1)
3.5 Preliminary investigation
76(1)
3.6 The main investigation
77(48)
3.6.1 Field work
79(1)
3.6.1.1 Field investigation
79(2)
3.6.1.2 Sampling
81(7)
3.6.1.3 Groundwater profile
88(1)
3.6.2 Field tests
88(1)
3.6.2.1 Penetration tests
89(11)
3.6.2.2 Pressuremeter tests
100(4)
3.6.2.3 Other intrusive tests
104(2)
3.6.2.4 Geophysical tests
106(3)
3.6.2.5 Remote sensing
109(5)
3.6.2.6 Groundwater testing
114(1)
3.6.3 Laboratory tests
114(3)
3.6.3.1 Classification tests
117(3)
3.6.3.2 Geotechnical characteristics
120(5)
3.7 The report
125(1)
3.8 Observations
125(4)
4 Characterisation of glacial soils
129(104)
4.1 Introduction
129(1)
4.2 The challenges of assessing properties of glacial soils
129(1)
4.3 Description
130(10)
4.4 Classification
140(19)
4.4.1 Water content
146(1)
4.4.2 Particle size distribution
146(5)
4.4.3 Consistency limits
151(5)
4.4.4 Density
156(1)
4.4.5 Density index
157(2)
4.4.6 Strength index
159(1)
4.5 Geotechnical characteristics
159(60)
4.5.1 In situ stresses
162(2)
4.5.2 Strength
164(4)
4.5.2.1 Field tests
168(3)
4.5.2.2 Direct shear test
171(1)
4.5.2.3 Triaxial test
172(6)
4.5.2.4 CBR test
178(1)
4.5.2.5 Undrained shear strength
179(5)
4.5.2.6 Effective strength
184(11)
4.5.2.7 Unsaturated strength
195(1)
4.5.3 Compressibility and deformation
196(1)
4.5.3.1 One-dimensional consolidation tests
197(2)
4.5.3.2 Triaxial consolidation tests
199(2)
4.5.3.3 Stiffness
201(5)
4.5.3.4 Partially saturated soils
206(1)
4.5.4 Conductivity
206(10)
4.5.4.1 Triaxial permeability test
216(2)
4.5.4.2 Hydraulic conductivity
218(1)
4.6 Selection of geotechnical characteristics
219(10)
4.6.1 Frameworks
221(6)
4.6.2 Databases
227(2)
4.7 Observations
229(4)
5 Earthworks: Slopes, cuttings, embankments and tunnels
233(106)
5.1 Introduction
233(1)
5.2 Overall stability
233(15)
5.2.1 Stability of slopes
234(7)
5.2.2 Mobilised strength
241(4)
5.2.3 Pore pressures
245(2)
5.2.4 Fabric, structure and composition
247(1)
5.2.5 Methods of analysis
247(1)
5.3 Natural slopes
248(25)
5.3.1 Inland slopes
250(12)
5.3.2 Coastal cliffs
262(11)
5.3.3 Recommendations
273(1)
5.4 Engineered fill and excavations
273(31)
5.4.1 Excavations
275(3)
5.4.2 Cuttings
278(2)
5.4.3 Engineered fill
280(1)
5.4.3.1 Soil properties
280(1)
5.4.3.2 Selecting fill materials
280(2)
5.4.3.3 Compaction tests
282(6)
5.4.3.4 Compaction processes
288(5)
5.4.3.5 Embankments
293(7)
5.4.3.6 Earth dams
300(2)
5.4.4 Recommendations
302(2)
5.5 Slope stabilisation
304(12)
5.5.1 Soil nailing
306(9)
5.5.2 Drainage systems
315(1)
5.5.3 Recommendations
315(1)
5.6 Ground improvement
316(3)
5.7 Tunnels
319(18)
5.8 Observations
337(2)
6 Geotechnical structures: Spread foundations, piled foundations and retaining structures
339(108)
6.1 Introduction
339(1)
6.2 Design philosophy
340(3)
6.3 Methods of analysis
343(6)
6.3.1 Factors of safety
344(1)
6.3.2 Design factors
345(1)
6.3.3 Partial factors of safety
346(3)
6.4 Geotechnical design report
349(1)
6.5 Spread foundations
350(19)
6.5.1 Bearing resistance
354(2)
6.5.2 Settlement
356(10)
6.5.3 Caissons and piers
366(2)
6.5.4 Recommendations
368(1)
6.6 Piled foundations
369(56)
6.6.1 Pile design
372(4)
6.6.2 Axially loaded piles
376(1)
6.6.2.1 Compressive capacity
376(2)
6.6.2.2 Coarse-grained soils
378(2)
6.6.2.3 Fine-grained soils
380(4)
6.6.2.4 Other design methods
384(1)
6.6.3 Vertical displacements
385(6)
6.6.4 Pile groups
391(10)
6.6.5 Tensile capacity
401(1)
6.6.6 Transverse loaded piles
401(4)
6.6.7 Pile tests
405(1)
6.6.8 Case studies of piles in glacial soils
406(18)
6.6.9 Recommendations
424(1)
6.7 Retaining structures
425(11)
6.7.1 Earth pressures
429(3)
6.7.2 Limit states
432(2)
6.7.3 Recommendations
434(2)
6.8 Anchors
436(7)
6.8.1 Recommendations
441(2)
6.9 Observations
443(4)
7 Engineering of glacial soils
447(14)
7.1 Introduction
447(1)
7.2 The strategy
447(6)
7.2.1 Topographical survey
448(1)
7.2.2 Geomorphological study
448(1)
7.2.3 Geological investigation
449(1)
7.2.4 Hydrogeological model
450(1)
7.2.5 Geotechnical model
450(3)
7.3 Selection of design parameters
453(1)
7.4 Observations
453(8)
Symbols 461(8)
Glossary 469(16)
References 485(34)
Index 519
Barry G. Clarke is Professor of Civil Engineering Geotechnics at the University of Leeds, UK and past president of the Institution of Civil Engineers.