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Environmental Engineering: Fundamentals and Applications [Kõva köide]

(Sault College of Applied Arts and Technology, Canada), (Chitkara University, India), (Punjab Engineering College, India)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 572 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 1211 g, 81 Tables, black and white; 158 Line drawings, black and white; 5 Halftones, black and white; 163 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-Mar-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367750503
  • ISBN-13: 9780367750503
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Hardback, 572 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 1211 g, 81 Tables, black and white; 158 Line drawings, black and white; 5 Halftones, black and white; 163 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-Mar-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 0367750503
  • ISBN-13: 9780367750503
Teised raamatud teemal:
Presenting an in-depth coverage, this textbook brings together and integrates key topics including water resources, wastewater, air, and solid waste in a single volume.

The textbook introduces a unique approach that emphases on the water and wastewater treatments with its distribution system and engineering. It begins by discussing the public health and sanitation, then covers the wastewater collection system and design, wastewater characteristics, natural purification water, different wastewater treatments, industrial and rural wastewater. Finally, the emerging technologies in the reuse/recycle of waste and processes to conserve the environmental resources are discussed.

The text will be useful for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of civil and environmental engineering. Pedagogical features including solved problems, exercises and multiple-choice questions are interspersed throughout the book for better understanding.











Discusses latest technologies and engineering design in water and wastewater management.





Focusses on reuse and conservation of natural resources.





Comprehensively covers topics on air pollution and noise pollution.





Explains important topics including coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, water softening and water distribution.





Includes pedagogical features including solved examples, exercises and multiple-choice questions with answers for better understanding of concepts.
List of Figures
xiii
List of Tables
xvii
Preface xix
About the Authors xxi
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(8)
1.1 Water
1(1)
1.2 Wastewater Treatment
2(3)
1.3 Global Issue
5(1)
1.4 A Look to the Future
6(3)
Chapter 2 Sources of Water Supply
9(10)
2.1 Essentials of a Water Supply System
9(1)
2.2 Surface Water
9(2)
2.3 Intake Works
11(3)
2.4 Water Transmission
14(1)
2.5 Groundwater
15(1)
2.6 Water Quantity
16(1)
2.7 Water Quality
16(1)
2.8 Groundwater Under the Direct Influence
17(1)
2.9 Choice of Source of Water Supply
18(1)
Chapter 3 Water Wells
19(22)
3.1 Well Drilling
19(3)
3.2 Well Intake Portion
22(2)
3.3 Naturally Developed Well
24(2)
3.4 Artificial Gravel Pack
26(2)
3.5 Well Development
28(1)
3.6 Well Hydraulics
29(9)
3.7 Failure of Wells and Remediation
38(1)
3.8 Sanitary Protection
38(1)
3.9 Well Abandonment
39(2)
Chapter 4 Water Demand
41(14)
4.1 Design Period
41(1)
4.2 Forecasting Population
41(6)
4.3 Estimating Water Demand
47(1)
4.4 Total Demand
48(2)
4.5 Variation in Demand
50(5)
Chapter 5 Water Quality and Treatment
55(10)
5.1 Treatment Processes
55(1)
5.2 Source of Water Supply
55(1)
5.3 Water Quality Standards
56(1)
5.4 Water Analysis
57(8)
Chapter 6 Coagulation and Flocculation
65(18)
6.1 Coagulation
65(1)
6.2 Coagulating Chemicals
65(3)
6.3 Chemistry of Coagulation
68(1)
6.4 Chemical Feeding
69(2)
6.5 Flocculation Phenomenon
71(6)
6.6 Jar Testing
77(1)
6.7 Operational Control Tests
78(5)
Chapter 7 Sedimentation
83(12)
7.1 Gravity Settling
83(1)
7.2 Sedimentation Basins and Tanks
83(2)
7.3 Theory of Sedimentation
85(1)
7.4 Design Parameters
86(4)
7.5 Factors Affecting Operation of Sedimentation
90(1)
7.6 Volume of Sludge
90(2)
7.7 Sludge Disposal
92(3)
Chapter 8 Filtration
95(14)
8.1 Filtration Mechanisms
95(1)
8.2 Types of Filters
95(1)
8.3 Components of a Gravity Filter
96(2)
8.4 Filtration Operation
98(2)
8.5 Design and Performance Parameters
100(5)
8.6 Hydraulics of Gravity Filters
105(1)
8.7 Operating Problems
106(1)
8.8 Optimum Filter Operation
107(2)
Chapter 9 Disinfection
109(16)
9.1 Disinfection Methods
110(1)
9.2 Chlorine Compounds
111(1)
9.3 Hypochlorination
112(1)
9.4 Chemistry of Chlorination
113(3)
9.5 Chlorine Practices
116(1)
9.6 Points of Chlorination
117(1)
9.7 Factors Affecting Chlorine Dosage
118(2)
9.8 Chlorination Equipment
120(5)
Chapter 10 Water Softening
125(10)
10.1 Types of Hardness
125(1)
10.2 Softening Methods
126(2)
10.3 Types of Lime-Soda Ash Processes
128(7)
Chapter 11 Miscellaneous Water Treatment Methods 1
135(10)
11.1 Fluoridation
135(3)
11.2 Defluoridation
138(1)
11.3 Iron and Manganese Control
139(1)
11.4 Control Methods
139(1)
11.5 Removal Methods
140(2)
11.6 Arsenic Removal
142(1)
11.7 Nitrate Removal
142(3)
Chapter 12 Miscellaneous Water Treatment Methods II
145(14)
12.1 Taste and Odour Control
145(1)
12.2 Taste and Odour Removal
146(4)
12.3 Membrane Filtration
150(1)
12.4 Desalination
150(1)
12.5 Water Stabilization
151(8)
Chapter 13 Water Distribution
159(20)
13.1 System Components
159(1)
13.2 Equalizing Demand
160(4)
13.3 Pipeline Layout
164(1)
13.4 Pipe Material
165(2)
13.5 Pipe Joints
167(3)
13.6 Pipe-Laying and Testing
170(1)
13.7 Valves
171(2)
13.8 Cross-Contamination
173(1)
13.9 Hydrants
173(2)
13.10 Service Connections
175(1)
13.11 Water Meters
175(1)
13.12 Dual Water Systems
175(4)
Chapter 14 Pipeline Systems
179(16)
14.1 Flow Equations
179(2)
14.2 Series and Parallel
181(1)
14.3 Equivalent Pipe
181(1)
14.4 System Classification
182(4)
14.5 Complex Pipe Networks
186(3)
14.6 Computer Applications
189(6)
Chapter 15 Pumps and Pumping
195(20)
15.1 Positive Displacement Pumps
195(1)
15.2 Velocity Pumps
195(1)
15.3 Pumping Head
195(5)
15.4 System Head
200(3)
15.5 Affinity Laws
203(1)
15.6 Specific Speed
203(1)
15.7 Homologous Pumps
204(4)
15.8 Cavitation
208(1)
15.9 Operation and Maintenance
209(6)
Chapter 16 Wastewater Collection System
215(20)
16.1 Infiltration and Inflow
216(1)
16.2 Wastewater Flows
217(1)
16.3 Sewer Mains
218(4)
16.4 Operation and Maintenance
222(1)
16.5 Inspection
223(1)
16.6 Inverted Siphon
224(3)
16.7 Manholes
227(4)
16.8 Sampling and Flow Measurement
231(4)
Chapter 17 Design of Sewers
235(24)
17.1 Flow Classification
235(1)
17.2 Hydraulic Slope
235(1)
17.3 Manning's Equation
236(3)
17.4 Minimum Flow Velocity
239(1)
17.5 Maximum Velocity or Non-Scouring Velocity
239(1)
17.6 Partially Full Pipes
240(4)
17.7 Equivalent Self-Cleaning Velocity
244(2)
17.8 Storm Drainage
246(13)
Chapter 18 Construction of Sewers
259(22)
18.1 Materials for Sewers
259(2)
18.2 Layout and Installation
261(7)
18.3 Testing
268(1)
18.4 Structural Requirements
269(1)
18.5 Dead Loads
270(4)
18.6 Superimposed Loads
274(2)
18.7 Field Supporting Strength
276(5)
Chapter 19 Lift Stations
281(10)
19.1 Wet Well Lift Stations
281(1)
19.2 Dry Well Lift Stations
281(1)
19.3 Wastewater Flow Pumps
281(1)
19.4 Wet Wells
282(1)
19.5 Screens
283(1)
19.6 Electrical and Controls
283(1)
19.7 Lift Station Maintenance
283(2)
19.8 Pump Operating Sequence
285(6)
Chapter 20 Natural Purification
291(16)
20.1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand
291(3)
20.2 Natural Process
294(1)
20.3 Factors Affecting Self-Purification
295(1)
20.4 Oxygen Sag Curve
296(5)
20.5 Dilution Into Sea
301(1)
20.6 Disposal by Land Treatment
301(2)
20.7 Comparison of Disposal Methods
303(4)
Chapter 21 Wastewater Characteristics
307(16)
21.1 Treatment Facility
307(1)
21.2 Domestic Wastewater
308(1)
21.3 Physical Characteristics
308(1)
21.4 Chemical Characteristics
309(2)
21.5 Biological Characteristics
311(1)
21.6 Percent Removal
311(1)
21.7 Industrial Wastewater
312(2)
21.8 Infiltration and Inflow
314(1)
21.9 Municipal Wastewater
314(1)
21.10 Evaluation of Wastewater
315(8)
Chapter 22 Preliminary Treatment
323(12)
22.1 Screens
323(3)
22.2 Comminution of Sewage
326(1)
22.3 Flow Measurement
326(1)
22.4 Grit Removal Units
327(3)
22.5 Pre-Aeration
330(1)
22.6 Process Calculations
330(5)
Chapter 23 Primary Treatment
335(12)
23.1 Factors Affecting Settling
335(4)
23.2 Rectangular Clarifier
339(1)
23.3 Circular Clarifier
339(1)
23.4 Scum Removal
340(1)
23.5 Secondary Clarifier
340(1)
23.6 Chemical Precipitation
341(1)
23.7 Sludge Handling
342(5)
Chapter 24 Activated Sludge Process (ASP)
347(22)
24.1 Biological Treatment
347(1)
24.2 Principle of ASP
347(1)
24.3 Components of ASP
348(2)
24.4 Process Loading Parameters
350(7)
24.5 Final Clarification
357(1)
24.6 Mathematical Relationships
358(2)
24.7 Variations of ASP
360(3)
24.8 Oxygen Transfer
363(2)
24.9 Operating Problems
365(4)
Chapter 25 Stabilization Ponds
369(14)
25.1 Facultative Ponds
369(1)
25.2 Loading Parameters
370(5)
25.3 Lagoon Depth
375(1)
25.4 Algae
375(1)
25.5 Berms
376(1)
25.6 Daily Monitoring
376(1)
25.7 Operational Problems
377(1)
25.8 Lagoon Maintenance
378(5)
Chapter 26 Attached Growth Systems
383(18)
26.1 Trickling Filters
383(1)
26.2 Main Components of a Trickling Filter
383(1)
26.3 Loading on Filters
384(2)
26.4 Recirculation
386(1)
26.5 BOD Removal Efficiency
387(1)
26.6 Operating Problems
387(1)
26.7 Secondary Clarification
388(5)
26.8 Rotating Biological Contactor
393(2)
26.9 Process Control Parameters
395(2)
26.10 Operation of RBC System
397(4)
Chapter 27 Anaerobic Systems
401(14)
27.1 Septic Tanks
401(2)
27.2 Soak Pit
403(1)
27.3 Biological Filters
404(1)
27.4 Upflow Filters
405(1)
27.5 Imhoff Tanks
406(3)
27.6 Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket
409(6)
Chapter 28 Biosolids
415(20)
28.1 Primary Sludge
415(1)
28.2 Secondary Sludge
415(1)
28.3 Sludge Thickening
415(2)
28.4 Mass Volume Relationship
417(2)
28.5 Sludge Stabilization
419(1)
28.6 Sludge Digestion
419(5)
28.7 Dewatering of Sludge
424(3)
28.8 Disposal of Sludge
427(8)
Chapter 29 Advanced Wastewater Treatment
435(12)
29.1 Suspended Solids Removal
435(2)
29.2 Control of Nutrients
437(2)
29.3 Nitrogen Removal
439(3)
29.4 Treatment Methods for Removal of Toxins
442(1)
29.5 Improved Treatment Technologies
442(1)
29.6 Water Recycle and Reuse
443(1)
29.7 Water Quality and Reuse
444(3)
Chapter 30 Industrial Wastewater Treatment
447(8)
30.1 Industrial Wastewater Discharges
447(1)
30.2 Industrial Wastewater Treatment
448(2)
30.3 Special Processes
450(1)
30.4 Common Effluent Treatment Plants
451(4)
Chapter 31 Sources of Air Pollution
455(16)
31.1 Composition and Structure of the Atmosphere
455(1)
31.2 Units of Measurement
456(1)
31.3 Causes of Air Pollution
457(1)
31.4 Sources of Air Pollution
458(1)
31.5 Air Pollutants
459(3)
31.6 Effects of Air Pollution
462(3)
31.7 Air Sampling and Measurement
465(3)
31.8 Air Quality Index
468(3)
Chapter 32 Meteorological Aspects of Air Pollution
471(18)
32.1 Atmospheric Stability
471(8)
32.2 Dispersion Models
479(6)
32.3 Design of Stack Height
485(4)
Chapter 33 Air Pollution Control
489(8)
33.1 Zoning
489(1)
33.2 Stacks
489(1)
33.3 Source Prevention Methods
489(1)
33.4 Equipment for Particulate Pollutants
490(4)
33.5 Control of Gaseous Pollutants
494(3)
Chapter 34 Introduction to Solid Waste
497(6)
34.1 Types of Solid Waste
497(1)
34.2 Municipal Solid Waste
498(2)
34.3 Sources of Solid Wastes
500(1)
34.4 Quantity and Composition of Solid Wastes
500(1)
34.5 Waste Generation
501(2)
Chapter 35 Solid Waste Management
503(14)
35.1 Common Methods of Solid Waste Disposal
503(1)
35.2 Generation to Disposal
503(2)
35.3 Disposal of Solid Waste
505(5)
35.4 Engineered Landfilling
510(4)
35.5 Resource and Energy Recovery
514(1)
35.6 Construction Materials Waste
514(1)
35.7 Solid Waste: Indian Perspective
514(3)
Chapter 36 Hazardous Waste
517(6)
36.1 Characteristics of Hazardous Waste
517(1)
36.2 Hazardous Waste Management
517(2)
36.3 Storage Tanks and Impoundments
519(1)
36.4 Land Disposal
520(3)
Chapter 37 Noise Pollution
523(10)
37.1 Noise
523(1)
37.2 Sound Pressure
524(5)
37.3 Sound Meters
529(1)
37.4 Frequency Band Analysis
530(3)
Chapter 38 Noise Pollution and Control
533(8)
38.1 Man-Made Sources of Noise
533(1)
38.2 Effects of Noise on Human Health
533(3)
38.3 Noise Abatement and Control
536(1)
38.4 Noise Control Strategies
537(4)
Chapter 39 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
541(6)
39.1 Purpose of EIA
541(1)
39.2 Types of Environmental Impacts
542(1)
39.3 EIA Models
542(1)
39.4 Information Required for EIA
542(1)
39.5 Significant Environmental Impacts
543(1)
39.6 EIA Procedure
543(3)
39.7 Participants of EIA
546(1)
39.8 Expert Committees for EIA
546(1)
Chapter 40 Rural Sanitation
547(12)
40.1 Pit Privy
547(1)
40.2 Borehole Latrine
548(1)
40.3 Concrete Vault Privy
549(1)
40.4 Sulabh Shauchalaya
550(3)
40.5 Aqua Privy
553(3)
40.6 Programme Success
556(3)
Appendices 559(4)
Index 563
Prof Subhash Verma

Subhash Verma retired as Professor from Sault College of Applied Arts and Technology, Canada, where he also headed a program in Water Resources Engineering Technology. During his teaching career at Sault college, Subhash taught courses including hydraulics, hydrology, water and wastewater engineering. He was responsible for developing lab manuals for the said courses. As part of the distance education program in Environmental engineering technology, Subhash prepared course manuals and study guides in the above mentioned courses.

He was leader of the team for developing training program in sampling and monitoring for the Ontario Ministry of environment. He developed and delivered training program to water and wastewater plants operators to prepare them for writing license examinations. Before leaving for Canada, Subhash was assistant professor in college of Agricultural Engineering of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

His current pastime is developing and teaching online courses related to water and wastewater technology. Till date he has developed ten courses under the Ontario learn program of the province of Ontario. Subhash is also working on authoring three titles, applied hydraulics, engineering hydrology and ground water and wells for the undergraduate engineering programs.

Prof (Dr.) Varinder S Kanwar

Dr. Varinder S. Kanwar, is a Professor of Civil Engineering Department also holding responsibilities of Vice Chancellor, at Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, obtained his Masters in Structural Engineering and his Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from Thapar University, Patiala. He also has a Post Graduate Diploma in Rural Development. Dr. Kanwar carries more than 24 years of research, teaching and administrative experience. He is an active member of various professional societies, including ASCE, IEEE, IRC, Indian Concrete Institute, Institution of Engineers (India) and Punjab Science Congress. He is a Fellow of Institution of Engineers (India). His major research areas include health monitoring of structures and alternate construction materials for which, he has obtained research funding from various government funding agencies. He has authored 5 books; on Water Supply Engineering, Health Monitoring of Structures, Modern Temples of Resurgent India - Engineering Pilgrimage to Bhakra, Beas and Ranjit Sagar Dams, Sustainable Civil Engineering Practices, Characteristics of Asphalt Modified with Industrial Waste Sludge; published 40 journal articles/research papers and 17 research papers in conference proceedings; edited 10 conference proceedings. He has filed 9 Patents in India. He is also actively involved in joint research activities carried out by Chitkara University, Glasgow Caledonian University, ESTP Paris, Edith Cowan University and Federation University Australia. He is recipient of several national and international academic awards.

Prof (Dr.) Siby John

Dr Siby John is a Professor of Civil Engineering Department at Punjab Engineering College (Deemed To Be University), Chandigarh. Currently he is also holding responsibilities of Deputy Director of the said institute. He did his doctorate from IIT, Kanpur. Dr. John has more than 30 years of academic and research experience, during which he authored more than 70 peer reviewed articles. He has contributed more than 150 papers in conferences and seminars and has also authored four books in environmental engineering. He is member of major professional societies in Civil and Environmental Engineering. He is recipient of several national and international academic awards and scholarships.