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Essential Graphical Techniques in Geography 2021 ed. [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 310 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 682 g, 24 Illustrations, color; 137 Illustrations, black and white; XXXII, 310 p. 161 illus., 24 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Sari: Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Dec-2021
  • Kirjastus: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • ISBN-10: 9811665842
  • ISBN-13: 9789811665844
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  • Kõva köide
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  • Formaat: Hardback, 310 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 682 g, 24 Illustrations, color; 137 Illustrations, black and white; XXXII, 310 p. 161 illus., 24 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Sari: Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Dec-2021
  • Kirjastus: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • ISBN-10: 9811665842
  • ISBN-13: 9789811665844
Teised raamatud teemal:
Representation of geographical data using graphs, diagrams and mapping techniques is a key for geographers and for researchers in other disciplines to explore the nature of data, the pattern of spatial and temporal variations and their relationships, and formulation of principles to accurately understand and analyze features on or near the earth’s surface. These modes of representation also enable the development of spatial understanding and the capacity for technical and logical decision making.  The book depicts all types of graphs, diagrams and maps, explained in detail with numerous examples. The emphasis is on their appropriate data structure, the relevance of selecting the correct technique, methods of their construction, advantages and disadvantages of their use, and applications of these techniques in analyzing and realizing the spatial pattern of various geographical features and phenomena. This book is unique in that it reflects a perfect correlation between theoretical knowledge of geographical events and phenomena and their realistic implications, with relevant examples using appropriate graphical methods. The book serves as a valuable resource for students, researchers, cartographers and decision makers to analyze and represent various geographical data for a better, systematic and scientific understanding of the real world.
1 Concept, Types, Collection, Classification and Representation of Geographical Data
1(46)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Concept of Data
2(1)
1.3 Concept of Geographical Data
3(1)
1.4 Types of Data (Geographical Data)
3(7)
1.4.1 Qualitative Data (Attribute)
3(1)
1.4.2 Quantitative Data (Variable)
4(1)
1.4.3 Uni-Variate Data and Bi-Variate Data
5(1)
1.4.4 Difference Between Uni-Variate Data and Bi-Variate Data
6(1)
1.4.5 Independent Variable and Dependent Variable
7(1)
1.4.6 Difference Between Qualitative Data (Attribute) and Quantitative Data (Variable)
7(1)
1.4.7 Primary Data
7(1)
1.4.8 Secondary Data
8(1)
1.4.9 Advantages of Use of Primary Data Over the Secondary Data
8(1)
1.4.10 Difference Between Primary and Secondary Data
9(1)
1.5 Methods of Data Collection
10(9)
1.5.1 Methods of Primary Data Collection
10(7)
1.5.2 Methods of Secondary Data Collection
17(2)
1.6 Measurement Scales in Geographical System
19(4)
1.6.1 Nominal Scale
19(1)
1.6.2 Ordinal Scale
20(1)
1.6.3 Interval Scale
21(2)
1.6.4 Ratio Scale
23(1)
1.7 Processing of Data
23(19)
1.7.1 Classification of Data
24(3)
1.7.2 Tabulation of Data
27(5)
1.7.3 Frequency Distribution
32(10)
1.8 Methods of Presentation of Geographical Data
42(4)
1.8.1 Textual Form
43(1)
1.8.2 Tabular Form
44(1)
1.8.3 Semi-Tabular Form
45(1)
1.8.4 Graphical Form (Graphs, Diagrams and Maps)
45(1)
References
46(1)
2 Representation of Geographical Data Using Graphs
47(106)
2.1 Concept of Graph
47(1)
2.2 Types of Co-ordinate System
48(7)
2.2.1 Cartesian or Rectangular Co-ordinate System
48(1)
2.2.2 Polar Co-ordinate System
49(3)
2.2.3 Cylindrical Co-ordinate System
52(2)
2.2.4 Spherical Co-ordinate System
54(1)
2.3 Selection of Scale in Constructing a Graph
55(1)
2.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Use of Graphs
55(1)
2.5 Types of Graphical Representation of Data
56(96)
2.5.1 Bi-axial Graphs or Line Graphs or Historigram
56(17)
2.5.2 Tri-axial Graphs
73(3)
2.5.3 Multi-axial Graphs
76(7)
2.5.4 Special Graphs
83(49)
2.5.5 Frequency Distribution Graphs
132(20)
References
152(1)
3 Diagrammatic Representation of Geographical Data
153(40)
3.1 Concept of Diagram
153(1)
3.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Data Representation in Diagrams
154(1)
3.3 Difference Between Graph and Diagram
154(1)
3.4 Types of Diagrams in Data Representation
155(36)
3.4.1 One-Dimensional Diagrams
155(13)
3.4.2 Two-Dimensional Diagrams
168(14)
3.4.3 Three-Dimensional Diagrams
182(4)
3.4.4 Other Diagrams
186(5)
References
191(2)
4 Mapping Techniques of Geographical Data
193(114)
4.1 Concept and Definition of Map
193(1)
4.2 Concept of Plan
194(1)
4.3 Difference Between Plan and Map
194(2)
4.4 Elements of a Map
196(2)
4.5 History of Map-Making
198(3)
4.5.1 Ancient Age
199(1)
4.5.2 Mediaeval Age
199(1)
4.5.3 Modem Age
200(1)
4.5.4 Contributions of Indian Scholars
200(1)
4.6 Methods of Mapping the Earth
201(1)
4.7 Cartography
202(1)
4.8 Key Concepts of Cartography
203(26)
4.8.1 Geodesy
203(1)
4.8.2 Geoid
204(2)
4.8.3 Ellipsoid or Spheroid
206(2)
4.8.4 Surveying and Levelling
208(1)
4.8.5 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying
209(1)
4.8.6 Datum
210(2)
4.8.7 Reduced Level
212(1)
4.8.8 Geographic Co-ordinate System
212(2)
4.8.9 Cardinal Points
214(1)
4.8.10 Map Projection
215(1)
4.8.11 Bearing
215(7)
4.8.12 Magnetic Declination
222(1)
4.8.13 Magnetic Inclination or Magnetic Dip
223(1)
4.8.14 Traversing or Traverse Survey
224(1)
4.8.15 Triangulation Survey
225(2)
4.8.16 Trilateration Survey
227(2)
4.8.17 Difference Between Triangulation and Trilateration Survey
229(1)
4.9 Types of Map
229(2)
4.9.1 General Reference Maps (General Purpose Maps)
229(1)
4.9.2 Thematic Maps (Special Purpose Maps)
230(1)
4.9.3 Types of Thematic Maps
231(1)
4.10 Types of Maps Based on Scale
231(7)
4.10.1 Large-Scale Maps
232(5)
4.10.2 Small-Scale Maps
237(1)
4.10.3 Medium-Scale Maps
238(1)
4.11 Based on the Purpose or Content or Function of the Map
238(13)
4.11.1 Physical or Natural Maps
239(11)
4.11.2 Cultural Maps
250(1)
4.12 Techniques for the Study of Spatial Patterns of Distribution of Elements (Distribution Map)
251(31)
4.12.1 Chorochromatic Map (Colour or Tint Method)
252(3)
4.12.2 Choroschematic or Symbol Map
255(3)
4.12.3 Choropleth Map
258(6)
4.12.4 Dasymetric Map
264(2)
4.12.5 Isarithmic Map (Isometric Map and Isopleth Map)
266(6)
4.12.6 Dot Map
272(5)
4.12.7 Flow Map
277(4)
4.12.8 Diagrammatic Map
281(1)
4.13 Importance and Uses of Maps
282(22)
4.13.1 Measurement of Direction
287(1)
4.13.2 Measurement of Distance
288(3)
4.13.3 Measurement of Area
291(13)
References
304(3)
Index 307
Dr. Swapan Kumar Maity is an assistant professor of geography at Nayagram P. R. M. Government College, Jhargram, West Bengal, India. He completed his doctoral degree at Vidyasagar University with his dissertation titled Mechanisms of sedimentation in the lower reach of the Rupnarayan River.  Dr. Maity has 7 years of teaching experience at the undergraduate level in geography and 2 years at the postgraduate level in geography and environmental management. His teaching interests include geotectonics, geomorphology, climatology and practical geography, including remote sensing and GIS. His main research areas include fluvial geomorphology, river sedimentation and sediment mineralogy. He has published several research articles in renowned journals and two books from Springer in the field of the mechanism and environment of river sedimentation. Dr. Maity is a life member of the Indian Institute of Geomorphologists.