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Essential Physics of Medical Imaging Study Guide [Pehme köide]

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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 400 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Sep-2022
  • Kirjastus: Wolters Kluwer Health
  • ISBN-10: 1975103262
  • ISBN-13: 9781975103262
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Essential Physics of Medical Imaging Study GuideSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 400 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Sep-2022
  • Kirjastus: Wolters Kluwer Health
  • ISBN-10: 1975103262
  • ISBN-13: 9781975103262
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781975103262.html
Märksõnad:
Ideal for study, review, or self-assessment, The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging Study Guide is an easy-to-use, interactive resource for learning and retaining core information in the physics of medical imaging. Whether used as a supplement to The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging, 4th Edition, or as a stand-alone review tool, this new study guide helps you gain a deeper understanding of this complex field, while preparing you for exams and clinical practice. Its an essential resource for radiology residents and practitioners, medical physicists, and radiation oncologists, as well as radiology technicians and nuclear medicine technicians who need a reliable, up-to-date review of medical physics, federal radiation control standards and regulations, radiation safety, and radiation biology.   

References between the main textbook and the study guide provide more detailed answers to questions that arise as you study. 



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Section 1 distills key concepts for each chapter in textbook in outline format. 



Section 2 includes more than 1,000 image-rich questions and answers with page numbers from  the main text for further detail; eBook questions and answers are interactive. 



Section 3 consolidates key equations for each chapter with page numbers from the main text where the equation is introduced and discussed. 

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Dedication iii
Authors iv
Contributors vi
Acknowledgments vii
Section I Basic Concepts
1(20)
1 Introduction to the Study Guide
3(7)
1.0 Introduction
3(1)
1.1 Section I:
Chapter Summary
3(2)
1.2 Section II: Questions and Explanatory Answers
5(1)
1.3 Section III: Key Equations, Symbols, Quantities, and Units
5(1)
1.4 Study Smarter, Not Harder
6(2)
1.5 Preparing for and Taking Major Exams
8(2)
2 Radiation and the Atom
10(11)
2.0 Introduction
10(1)
2.1 Classical Electromagnetism
10(1)
2.2 Electromagnetic Radiation
11(2)
2.3 Behavior of Energy at the Atomic Scale: One of the Most Important Discoveries in the History of Science
13(1)
2.4 Ionizing and Nonionizing Radiation
13(1)
2.5 Particulate Radiation
14(1)
2.6 Mass-Energy Equivalence
14(1)
2.7 Structure of the Atom
14(2)
2.8 Radiation from Electron Transitions
16(1)
2.9 The Atomic Nucleus
16(1)
2.10 Nuclear Stability and Radioactivity
17(2)
2.11 Nuclear Binding Energy and Mass
19(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
21(4)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
25(11)
3 Interaction of Radiation with Matter
26(10)
3.0 Introduction
26(1)
3.1 Particle Interactions
26(2)
3.2 X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Interactions
28(3)
3.3 Attenuation of X-Rays and Gamma Rays
31(2)
3.4 Absorption of Energy from X-Rays and Gamma Rays
33(1)
3.5 Imparted Energy, Equivalent Dose, and Effective Dose
34(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
36(4)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
40(11)
4 Image Quality
42(9)
4.0 Introduction
42(1)
4.1 Spatial Resolution
42(3)
4.2 Contrast Resolution
45(1)
4.3 Noise and Noise Texture
46(1)
4.4 Ratio Measures of Image Quality
47(1)
4.5 Image Quality Measures Based on Visual Performance
48(3)
Section II Questions and Answers
51(5)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
56(22)
5 Medical Imaging Informatics
58(20)
5.0 Introduction
58(1)
5.1 Ontologies, Standards, Profiles
58(1)
5.2 Computers and Networking
59(4)
5.3 Picture Archiving and Communications System
63(6)
5.4 Life Cycle of a Radiology Examination
69(2)
5.5 Radiology from Outside the Department
71(1)
5.6 Security and Privacy
72(2)
5.7 "Big Data" and Data Plumbing
74(1)
5.8 Algorithms for Image and Nonimage Analytics
74(3)
5.9 The Business of Informatics
77(1)
5.10 Beyond Imaging Informatics
77(1)
Section II Questions and Answers
78(5)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
83(2)
SECTION II Diagnostic Radiology
85(13)
6 X-Ray Production, Tubes, and Generators
87(11)
6.0 Introduction
87(1)
6.1 Production of X-Rays
87(2)
6.2 X-Ray Tubes
89(4)
6.3 X-Ray Generators
93(2)
6.4 Power Ratings, Anode Loading and Cooling
95(1)
6.5 Factors Affecting X-Ray Emission
96(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
98(4)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
102(17)
7 Radiography
103(16)
7.0 Introduction
103(1)
7.1 Geometry of X-Ray Projection
103(1)
7.2 Scattered Radiation in Projection Radiographic Imaging
104(3)
7.3 Technique Factors in Radiography
107(1)
7.4 Scintillators and Intensifying Screens
108(1)
7.5 Absorption Efficiency and Conversion Efficiency
108(1)
7.6 Computed Radiography
109(1)
7.7 Charge-Coupled Device and Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Devices
110(1)
7.8 Flat Panel Thin-Film Transistor Array Detectors
111(2)
7.9 Other Considerations
113(1)
7.10 Radiographic Detectors, Patient Dose, and Exposure Index
113(2)
7.11 Artifacts in Digital Radiography
115(2)
7.12 Special Considerations for Pediatric Digital Radiography
117(1)
7.13 Dual-Energy Subtraction Radiography
117(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
119(6)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
125(20)
8 Breast Imaging: Mammography
127(18)
8.0 Introduction
127(1)
8.1 X-Ray Tube Components, Structures, and Operation
127(4)
8.2 X-Ray Generator
131(1)
8.3 Compression, Scattered Radiation, and Magnification
132(2)
8.4 Digital Acquisition Systems
134(4)
8.5 Processing, Viewing, Analyzing Breast Mammogram Images
138(2)
8.6 Radiation Dosimetry
140(2)
8.7 Regulatory Requirements
142(3)
Section II Questions and Answers
145(6)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
151(16)
9 Fluoroscopy
152(15)
9.0 Introduction
152(1)
9.1 Fluoroscopic Imaging Chain Overview
152(1)
9.2 Imaging Chain Components
153(2)
9.3 Fluoroscopic X-Ray Source Assembly
155(1)
9.4 Controls
156(1)
9.5 Modes of Operation
157(2)
9.6 Image Processing
159(2)
9.7 Image Quality in Fluoroscopy
161(2)
9.8 Patient Radiation Management
163(2)
9.9 Operator and Staff Radiation Safety
165(1)
9.10 Looking Ahead
165(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
167(6)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
173(25)
10 Computed Tomography
174(24)
10.0 Introduction
174(1)
10.1 Basic Concepts
175(1)
10.2 CT System Designs
176(6)
10.3 Acquisition Modes
182(5)
10.4 Reconstruction
187(5)
10.5 Image Quality in CT
192(2)
10.6 CT Image Artifacts
194(4)
Section II Questions and Answers
198(4)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
202(16)
11 X-Ray Dosimetry in Projection Imaging and Computed Tomography
204(14)
11.0 Introduction
204(1)
11.1 X-Ray Transmission
204(1)
11.2 Monte Carlo Simulation
205(1)
11.3 The Physics of X-Ray Dose Deposition
206(1)
11.4 Dose Metrics
207(2)
11.5 Radiation Dose in Projection Radiography
209(2)
11.6 Radiation Dose in Fluoroscopy
211(1)
11.7 Radiation Dose in Computed Tomography
212(4)
11.8 Dose Reporting Software and Dose Registries
216(1)
11.9 Diagnostic Reference Levels and Achievable Doses
217(1)
11.10 Summary---Typical Effective Doses For Radiographic Procedures
217(1)
Section II Questions and Answers
218(4)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
222(27)
12 Magnetic Resonance Basics: Magnetic Fields, Nuclear Magnetic Characteristics, Tissue Contrast, Image Acquisition
225(24)
12.1 Magnetism, Magnetic Fields, and Magnetic Properties of Materials
225(2)
12.2 MR System
227(2)
12.3 Magnetic Resonance Signal
229(1)
12.4 Magnetization Properties of Tissues
230(3)
12.5 Basic Acquisition Parameters
233(1)
12.6 Basic Pulse Sequences
234(8)
12.7 MR Signal Localization
242(3)
12.8 "K-Space" Data Acquisition and Image Reconstruction
245(2)
12.9 MR Image Characteristics
247(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
249(6)
Section III Key Equations, Symbols, Quantities, and Units
255(22)
13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Advanced Image Acquisition Methods, Artifacts, Spectroscopy, Quality Control, Siting, Bioeffects, and Safety
257(20)
13.0 Introduction
257(1)
13.1 Image Acquisition Time
257(1)
13.2 Fast Imaging Techniques
258(2)
13.3 Signal from Flow
260(2)
13.4 Perfusion and Diffusion Contrast Imaging
262(3)
13.5 Other Advanced Techniques
265(2)
13.6 MR Artifacts
267(5)
13.7 Magnet Siting and Quality Control
272(2)
13.8 MR Bioeffects and Safety
274(3)
Section II Questions and Answers
277(4)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
281(31)
14 Ultrasound
283(29)
14.0 Introduction
283(1)
14.1 Characteristics of Sound
283(2)
14.2 Interactions of Ultrasound with Tissues
285(1)
14.3 Ultrasound Transducers
286(3)
14.4 Ultrasound Beam Properties
289(3)
14.5 Image Data Acquisition and Processing
292(2)
14.6 Image Acquisition
294(6)
14.7 Image Quality, Storage, and Measurements
300(1)
14.8 Doppler Ultrasound
300(5)
14.9 Ultrasound Artifacts
305(4)
14.10 Ultrasound System Performance and Quality Assurance
309(1)
14.11 Acoustic Power and Bioeffects
310(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
312(5)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
317(2)
SECTION III Nuclear Medicine
319(8)
15 Radioactivity and Nuclear Transformation
321(6)
15.0 Introduction
321(1)
15.1 Definitions
321(2)
15.2 Nuclear Transformation
323(4)
Section II Questions and Answers
327(3)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
330(17)
16 Radionuclide Production, Radiopharmaceuticals, and Internal Dosimetry
331(16)
16.0 Introduction
331(1)
16.1 Radionuclide Production
331(6)
16.2 Radiopharmaceuticals
337(3)
16.3 Internal Dosimetry
340(4)
16.4 Regulatory Issues
344(3)
Section II Questions and Answers
347(8)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
355(31)
17 Radiation Detection and Measurements
360(26)
17.0 Introduction
360(1)
17.1 Types of Detectors and Basic Principles
360(3)
17.2 Gas-Filled Detectors
363(3)
17.3 Scintillation Detectors
366(4)
17.4 Semiconductor Detectors
370(3)
17.5 Pulse Height Spectroscopy
373(4)
17.6 Nonimaging Detector Applications
377(4)
17.7 Counting Statistics
381(5)
Section II Questions and Answers
386(7)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
393(10)
18 Nuclear Imaging---The Gamma Camera
394(9)
18.0 Introduction
394(1)
18.1 Planar Nuclear Imaging: The Anger Scintillation Camera
394(6)
18.2 Computers in Nuclear Imaging
400(3)
Section II Questions and Answers
403(6)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
409(20)
19 Nuclear Tomographic Imaging---Single Photon and Positron Emission Tomography (SPECT and PET)
411(18)
19.0 Introduction
411(1)
19.1 Focal Plane Tomography in Nuclear Medicine
411(1)
19.2 Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
411(8)
19.3 Positron Emission Tomography
419(5)
19.4 Dual Modality Imaging---PET/CT and PET/MRI
424(2)
19.5 Advances in PET Imaging
426(1)
19.6 Clinical Aspects, Comparison of PET and SPECT, and Dose
427(2)
Section II Questions and Answers
429(8)
Section III Key Equations and Symbols
437(2)
SECTION IV Radiation Biology and Protection
439(19)
20 Radiation Biology
441(17)
20.0 Introduction
441(1)
20.1 Interaction of Radiation with Cells and Tissues
441(1)
20.2 Molecular and Cellular Response to Radiation
442(4)
20.3 Tissue and Organ System Response to Radiation
446(1)
20.4 Whole Body Response to Radiation: The Acute Radiation Syndrome
447(2)
20.5 Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis
449(7)
20.6 Hereditary Effects of Radiation Exposure
456(1)
20.7 Radiation Effects In Utero
456(1)
20.8 Radiation Risk Communications
457(1)
Section II Questions and Answers
458(15)
21 Radiation Protection
465(8)
21.0 Introduction
465(1)
21.1 Sources of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
465(1)
21.2 Personnel Dosimetry
466(1)
21.3 Radiation Detection Equipment in Radiation Safety
467(1)
21.4 Fundamental Principles and Methods of Exposure Control
467(1)
21.5 Structural Shielding of Imaging Facilities
468(1)
21.6 Radiation Protection in Diagnostic and Interventional X-Ray Imaging
468(1)
21.7 Radiation Protection in Nuclear Medicine
469(1)
21.8 Regulatory Agencies and Radiation Exposure Limits
469(2)
21.9 Prevention of Errors
471(1)
21.10 Management of Radiation Safety Programs
471(1)
21.11 Imaging of Pregnant and Potentially Pregnant Patients
471(1)
21.12 Medical Emergencies Involving Ionizing Radiation
472(1)
Section II Questions and Answers
473(6)
Section III Key Equations, Symbols, Quantities, and Units
479(2)
Section V Appendices
481(24)
A SI and Derived Units, Physical Constants, Prefixes, Definitions and Conversion Factors, Geometry, and Roman and Greek Symbols Used in Medical Physics
483(6)
B Effective Doses, Organ Doses, and Fetal Doses from Medical Imaging Procedures
489(7)
C Radiopharmaceutical Characteristics and Dosimetry
496(9)
Index 505