Preface |
|
viii | |
Reviewers |
|
ix | |
About the Authors |
|
xi | |
|
Chapter 1 Anatomy and Physiology: Learning the Language |
|
|
2 | (18) |
|
What is Anatomy and Physiology? |
|
|
4 | (2) |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
|
4 | (2) |
|
|
6 | (5) |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
|
7 | (4) |
|
|
11 | (3) |
|
Signs and Symptoms of Disease |
|
|
12 | (2) |
|
Anatomy and Physiology Concepts You will Encounter on Your Journey |
|
|
14 | (3) |
|
|
14 | (3) |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
|
17 | (3) |
|
Chapter 2 The Human Body: Reading the Map |
|
|
20 | (18) |
|
The Map of the Human Body |
|
|
22 | (13) |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
|
22 | (3) |
|
|
25 | (3) |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
29 | (6) |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
|
36 | (2) |
|
Chapter 3 Biochemistry: The Basic Ingredients of Life |
|
|
38 | (18) |
|
|
40 | (13) |
|
Atoms, Elements, and Ions |
|
|
40 | (2) |
|
|
42 | (3) |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
46 | (3) |
|
|
49 | (2) |
|
Enzymes: Making Reactions Happen |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
Cell Energy and ATP: The Energy Molecule |
|
|
51 | (2) |
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
|
54 | (2) |
|
Chapter 4 The Cells: The Raw Materials and Building Blocks |
|
|
56 | (25) |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
|
59 | (15) |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
|
60 | (6) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
72 | (2) |
|
|
74 | (4) |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
|
74 | (2) |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
|
78 | (3) |
|
Chapter 5 Tissues and Systems: The Inside Story |
|
|
81 | (28) |
|
|
83 | (11) |
|
|
83 | (7) |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
91 | (3) |
|
|
94 | (12) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
|
95 | (2) |
|
|
97 | (2) |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Lymphatic and Immune Systems |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Gastrointestinal, or Digestive, System |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
|
104 | (2) |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
|
107 | (2) |
|
Chapter 6 The Skeletal System: The Framework |
|
|
109 | (32) |
|
System Overview: More than the "Bare Bones" About Bones |
|
|
111 | (12) |
|
General Bone Classification |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
|
113 | (2) |
|
Surface Structures of Bones |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
|
116 | (3) |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
|
120 | (2) |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
|
123 | (7) |
|
Special Regions of the Skeletal System |
|
|
124 | (6) |
|
Common Disorders of the Skeletal System |
|
|
130 | (8) |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
138 | (3) |
|
Chapter 7 The Muscular System: Movement for the Journey |
|
|
141 | (25) |
|
Overview of the Muscular System |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
|
144 | (5) |
|
Contraction and Relaxation |
|
|
144 | (3) |
|
|
147 | (2) |
|
Muscular Movement at the Cellular Level |
|
|
149 | (4) |
|
The Functional Unit of the Muscle |
|
|
149 | (4) |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
Skeletal Muscles of Specific Body Regions |
|
|
154 | (4) |
|
Visceral or Smooth Muscle |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
|
158 | (2) |
|
Common Disorders of the Muscular System |
|
|
160 | (3) |
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
163 | (3) |
|
Chapter 8 The Integumentary System: The Protective Covering |
|
|
166 | (21) |
|
|
168 | (4) |
|
Integumentary System Functions |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
|
168 | (4) |
|
|
172 | (3) |
|
|
173 | (2) |
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
|
176 | (2) |
|
|
178 | (2) |
|
Common Disorders of the Integumentary System |
|
|
180 | (4) |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
184 | (3) |
|
Chapter 9 The Nervous System (Part I): The Information Super Highway |
|
|
187 | (27) |
|
|
189 | (4) |
|
The Parts and Basic Operation of the Nervous System |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
|
191 | (2) |
|
|
193 | (7) |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
|
195 | (2) |
|
|
197 | (3) |
|
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves |
|
|
200 | (9) |
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
Internal Anatomy of the Spinal Cord |
|
|
201 | (8) |
|
Common Disorders of the Nervous System |
|
|
209 | (2) |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
|
211 | (3) |
|
Chapter 10 The Nervous System (Part II): The Traffic Control Center |
|
|
214 | (36) |
|
The Brain and Cranial Nerves |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
|
216 | (10) |
|
The Brain's External Anatomy |
|
|
216 | (5) |
|
Internal Anatomy of the Brain |
|
|
221 | (5) |
|
|
226 | (2) |
|
The Big Picture: Integration of Brain, Spinal Cord, and PNS |
|
|
228 | (3) |
|
The Somatic Sensory System |
|
|
228 | (3) |
|
The Big Picture: The Motor System |
|
|
231 | (5) |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
|
233 | (2) |
|
The Role of the Cerebellum |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
The Autonomic Nervous System |
|
|
236 | (6) |
|
|
237 | (1) |
|
The Parasympathetic Branch |
|
|
237 | (3) |
|
Putting the Autonomic System All Together |
|
|
240 | (2) |
|
|
242 | (1) |
|
|
242 | (1) |
|
|
242 | (1) |
|
Common Disorders of the Nervous System |
|
|
242 | (4) |
|
|
246 | (1) |
|
|
247 | (3) |
|
Chapter 11 The Senses: The Sights and Sounds |
|
|
250 | (22) |
|
|
252 | (1) |
|
|
252 | (6) |
|
The External Structures of the Eye |
|
|
253 | (1) |
|
The Internal Structures of the Eye |
|
|
253 | (5) |
|
|
258 | (4) |
|
|
258 | (4) |
|
|
262 | (5) |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
264 | (3) |
|
Common Disorders of the Eye and Ear |
|
|
267 | (2) |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
|
270 | (2) |
|
Chapter 12 The Endocrine System: The Body's Other Control System |
|
|
272 | (32) |
|
Organization of the Endocrine System |
|
|
274 | (3) |
|
|
274 | (2) |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
Control of Endocrine Activity |
|
|
277 | (5) |
|
Homeostasis and Negative Feedback |
|
|
277 | (2) |
|
Sources of Control of Hormone Levels |
|
|
279 | (3) |
|
The Major Endocrine Organs |
|
|
282 | (15) |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
|
282 | (3) |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
|
286 | (4) |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
|
290 | (5) |
|
|
295 | (1) |
|
|
295 | (2) |
|
Common Disorders of the Endocrine System |
|
|
297 | (4) |
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
|
301 | (3) |
|
Chapter 13 The Cardiovascular System: Transport and Supply |
|
|
304 | (42) |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
Incredible Pumps: The Heart |
|
|
307 | (14) |
|
General Structure and Function |
|
|
308 | (2) |
|
|
310 | (2) |
|
|
312 | (9) |
|
|
321 | (3) |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
Blood Types and Transfusions |
|
|
324 | (4) |
|
|
328 | (3) |
|
Blood Vessels: The Vascular System |
|
|
331 | (6) |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
|
332 | (5) |
|
Common Disorders of the Cardiovascular System |
|
|
337 | (4) |
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
339 | (2) |
|
|
341 | (2) |
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
|
343 | (3) |
|
Chapter 14 The Respiratory System: It's a Gas |
|
|
346 | (38) |
|
|
348 | (3) |
|
Ventilation Versus Respiration |
|
|
348 | (3) |
|
|
351 | (9) |
|
The Airways and the Lungs |
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
The Upper Airways of the Respiratory Tract |
|
|
351 | (4) |
|
|
355 | (1) |
|
|
356 | (1) |
|
|
357 | (3) |
|
The Lower Respiratory Tract |
|
|
360 | (7) |
|
The Alveolar Capillary Membrane: Where the Action Is |
|
|
363 | (4) |
|
The Housing of the Lungs and Related Structures |
|
|
367 | (10) |
|
|
369 | (2) |
|
The Protective Bony Thorax |
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
|
371 | (6) |
|
Common Disorders of the Respiratory System |
|
|
377 | (5) |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
382 | (2) |
|
Chapter 15 The Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Your Defense Systems |
|
|
384 | (35) |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
|
386 | (4) |
|
|
390 | (7) |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
Innate Versus Adaptive Immunity |
|
|
391 | (1) |
|
Components of the Immune System |
|
|
392 | (5) |
|
How the Immune System Works |
|
|
397 | (12) |
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
398 | (4) |
|
|
402 | (7) |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
Common Disorders of the Immune System |
|
|
410 | (6) |
|
Immunodeficiency Disorders |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
Hypersensitivity Reactions |
|
|
411 | (5) |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
|
417 | (2) |
|
Chapter 16 The Gastrointestinal System: Fuel for the Trip |
|
|
419 | (38) |
|
|
421 | (1) |
|
|
422 | (4) |
|
|
422 | (1) |
|
|
423 | (1) |
|
|
424 | (2) |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
The Wails of the Alimentary Canal |
|
|
427 | (2) |
|
|
429 | (6) |
|
|
435 | (3) |
|
|
438 | (5) |
|
|
443 | (7) |
|
|
443 | (2) |
|
|
445 | (2) |
|
|
447 | (3) |
|
Common Disorders of the Digestive System |
|
|
450 | (4) |
|
|
454 | (1) |
|
|
454 | (3) |
|
Chapter 17 The Urinary System: Filtration and Fluid Balance |
|
|
457 | (28) |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
The Anatomy of the Kidney |
|
|
459 | (6) |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
|
460 | (2) |
|
Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney: The Nephron |
|
|
462 | (3) |
|
|
465 | (15) |
|
|
467 | (9) |
|
The Urinary Bladder and Urination Reflex |
|
|
476 | (4) |
|
Common Disorders of the Urinary System |
|
|
480 | (2) |
|
|
482 | (1) |
|
|
482 | (3) |
|
Chapter 18 The Reproductive System: Replacement and Repair |
|
|
485 | (35) |
|
Tissue Growth and Replacement |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
Reduction Division: Meiosis |
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
|
489 | (2) |
|
The Human Reproductive System |
|
|
491 | (6) |
|
|
491 | (6) |
|
Reproductive Physiology: Female |
|
|
497 | (9) |
|
|
497 | (6) |
|
|
503 | (3) |
|
Reproductive Physiology: Male |
|
|
506 | (3) |
|
|
506 | (3) |
|
|
509 | (2) |
|
Common Disorders of the Reproductive System |
|
|
511 | (6) |
|
Diseases of the Female Reproductive System |
|
|
511 | (1) |
|
Diseases of the Male Reproductive System |
|
|
512 | (5) |
|
|
517 | (1) |
|
|
517 | (3) |
|
Chapter 19 The Journey's End: Now What? |
|
|
520 | |
|
|
522 | (4) |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
|
523 | (1) |
|
|
523 | (1) |
|
|
524 | (1) |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
526 | (4) |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
The Brain and Nervous System |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
The Cardiovascular System |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
|
530 | (9) |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
|
532 | (1) |
|
|
533 | (2) |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
535 | (1) |
|
|
535 | (3) |
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
Cancer Prevention and Treatment |
|
|
539 | (1) |
|
|
540 | (3) |
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
543 | |
Appendix Answers to Test Your Knowledge |
|
1 | (1) |
Index |
|
1 | |