Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine - Volume 19: Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Kõva köide]

Editor-in-chief (Guangdong Provincial Hospital Of Chinese Medicine, China), (Rmit Univ, Australia), (Guangdong Provincial Hospital Of Chinese Medicine, China), Editor-in-chief (Rmit Univ, Australia)
Teised raamatud teemal:
Teised raamatud teemal:

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Is A Type Of Functional Bowel Disorder Causing Symptoms Of Abdominal Pain And Altered Bowel Habits Such As Diarrhoea (Ibs-D) And Constipation (Ibs-C). This Book Uses The 'Whole Evidence' Approach To Give An Overview Of The Available Evidence For Chinese Medicine Treatment For Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Particularly Subtypes Ibs-D And Ibs-C. The Book Starts By Summarising The Conventional Understanding Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Including Its Subtypes, Aetiology, Diagnosis And Current Available Treatments. Data From Chinese Medicine Classical Literature And Clinical Studies Are Then Discussed. Evidence From Clinical Studies Are Evaluated Using High-Quality And Rigorous Scientific Methodology. For Ibs-D And Ibs-C, Evidence From Treatment Modalities Including Chinese Herbal Medicine, Acupuncture And Combination Chinese Medicine Therapies Are Presented. The Findings Are Analysed And Potential Implications For Clinical Practice And Research Are Explored. Experimental Studies That Describe The Potential Mechanisms Of Action Of Key Herbs Are Summarised. In The Final Chapter, Current Evidence Of Chinese Medicine For Ibs-D And Ibs-C Are Synthesised, Recommendations For Contemporary Clinical Practice And Future Research Are Also Offered. The Book Is A Helpful Guide For Clinicians And Students Of Chinese And Integrative Medicine, Offering A Comprehensive Synthesis Of Both Classical And Contemporary Knowledge That Can Integrated Into Their Clinical Practice For People With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Disclaimer v
Foreword vii
Purpose of the Monograph xi
Authors and Contributors xv
Member of Advisory Committee and Panel xvii
Distinguished xix
Professor Charlie Changli Xue
Professor xxi
Chuanjian Lu
Acknowledgements xxiii
List of Figures
xxxix
List of Tables
xii
1 Introduction to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
1(22)
Definition of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
1(1)
Clinical Presentation
1(3)
Subtypes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
2(1)
Epidemiology
2(1)
Burden
3(1)
Risk Factors
3(1)
Pathological Processes
4(2)
Gastrointestinal Motility
4(1)
Visceral Hypersensitivity
5(1)
Brain-Gut Axis
5(1)
Overview of Pathological Processes
6(1)
Diagnosis
6(3)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
8(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
8(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Mixed Bowel Habits
9(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Unclassified
9(1)
Differential Diagnosis
9(1)
Management
10(5)
Prevention
10(1)
Pharmacological Management
11(1)
Non-pharmacological Management
11(1)
Diet and Lifestyle
11(2)
Probiotics and Prebiotics
13(1)
Herbal Medicine
13(1)
Other Non-pharmacological Therapies
14(1)
Prognosis
15(1)
References
15(8)
2 Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Chinese Medicine
23(16)
Introduction
23(1)
Aetiology and Pathogenesis
24(1)
Syndrome Differentiation and Treatments
25(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
26(11)
Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment Based on Syndrome Differentiation
27(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
27(3)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
30(1)
Spleen and Kidney yang Deficiency
31(1)
Lung qi and Spleen qi Deficiency
32(1)
Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment
32(2)
Acupuncture Therapies and Other Chinese Medicine Therapies
34(1)
Ear Acupuncture
35(1)
Other Chinese Medicine Therapies for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
35(1)
Other Irritable Bowel Syndrome Management Strategies
35(1)
Therapy to Manage Emotions
35(1)
Diet Therapy
35(2)
References
37(2)
3 Classical Chinese Medicine Literature
39(42)
Introduction
39(1)
Search Terms
40(3)
Abdominal Pain Search Terms
40(1)
Diarrhoea Search Terms
40(1)
Constipation Search Terms
41(1)
Other Terms
41(2)
Procedures for Data Search, Data Coding and Data Analysis
43(2)
Search Results
45(1)
Citations Related to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
46(1)
Definitions, Etiology and Pathogenesis
47(4)
Definitions and Etiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
48(2)
Definitions and Etiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
50(1)
Treatment with Chinese Herbal Medicine
51(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
51(1)
Frequency of Treatment Citations by Dynasty for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
51(2)
Most Frequent Formulae in "Possible" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea Citations
53(1)
Most Frequent Herbs in "Possible" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea Citations
53(4)
Most Frequent Formulae from "Most Likely" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea Citations
57(1)
Most Frequent Herbs from "Most likely" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea Citations
57(3)
Chinese Herbal Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
60(1)
Frequency of Treatment Citations by Dynasty for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
60(1)
Most Frequent Formulae in "Possible" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominnat Constipation Citations
61(2)
Most Frequent Herbs from "Possible" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Consitipation Citations
63(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Mixed Bowel Habits
64(1)
Discussion of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
64(2)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
66(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
67(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Mixed Bowel Habits
68(1)
Treatment with Acupuncture and Related Therapies
68(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
68(1)
Frequency of Treatment Citations by Dynasty for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
69(1)
Most Frequent Acupuncture and Related Therapy from "Possible" Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea Citations
70(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
71(1)
Frequency of Treatment Citations by Dynasty for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
71(1)
Most Frequent Acupuncture and Related Therapy from Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation Citations
72(1)
Discussion of Acupuncture and Related Therapies for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
73(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
74(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
75(1)
Treatment with Other Chinese Medicine Therapies
75(2)
Classical Literature in Perspective
77(2)
References
79(2)
4 Methods for Evaluating Clinical Evidence
81(22)
Introduction
81(7)
Search Strategy
82(2)
Inclusion Criteria
84(3)
Exclusion Criteria
87(1)
Outcomes
87(1)
Clinical Symptom Outcomes
88(5)
Overall Condition Severity
88(1)
Stool Form and Frequency of Stool Movements
88(1)
Pain/Discomfort/Bloating
89(2)
Health-related Quality of Life
91(1)
Psychological State
92(1)
Recurrence Rate
93(1)
Adverse Events
93(1)
Risk of Bias Assessment
93(2)
Statistical Analyses
95(1)
Assessment Using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation
96(2)
References
98(5)
5 Clinical Evidence for Chinese Herbal Medicine
103(78)
Introduction
103(1)
Previous Systematic Reviews
104(2)
Identification of Clinical Studies
106(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
106(49)
Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
106(2)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
108(4)
Risk of Bias
112(1)
Outcomes
113(1)
Adequate Relief
114(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring Symptoms
114(4)
Stool Frequency
118(2)
Stool Form
120(3)
Stool Frequency and Form
123(3)
Abdominal Pain and Related Symptoms
126(3)
Recurrence Rate
129(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life
130(4)
36-item Short-form Survey
134(4)
Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale
138(1)
Zung Self-rating Depression Scale
139(1)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
140(1)
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale
140(1)
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression
141(1)
Assessment using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation
141(4)
Randomised Controlled Trial Evidence for Individual Oral Formulae
145(3)
Frequently Reported Orally used Herbs in Meta-analyses Showing Favourable Effect
148(3)
Controlled Clinical Trials of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
151(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
151(1)
Enema with Chinese Herbal Medicine
152(1)
Risk of Bias
153(1)
Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine Plus Enema with Chinese Herbal Medicine
153(1)
Risk of Bias
153(1)
Safety of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
154(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
155(10)
Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
155(1)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
155(2)
Risk of Bias
157(1)
Outcomes
158(1)
Adequate Relief
159(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring Symptoms
159(1)
Stool Frequency
159(1)
Stool Form
160(1)
Abdominal Pain and/or Bloating
161(1)
Recurrence Rate
162(1)
36-item Short-form Survey
162(1)
Self-rating Depression Scale
163(1)
Assessment using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation
163(1)
Frequently Reported Orally used Herbs in Meta-analyses Showing Favourable Effect
164(1)
Controlled Clinical Trials of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
165(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
166(1)
Enema Chinese Herbal Medicine
166(1)
Risk of Bias
167(1)
Safety of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation
167(1)
Clinical Evidence for Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatments
167(1)
Summary of Chinese Herbal Medicine Clinical Evidence
168(3)
IBS-D Summary
168(2)
IBS-C Summary
170(1)
References
171(1)
References for Included Chinese Herbal Medicine Clinical Studies
172(9)
6 Pharmacological Actions of Frequently Used Herbs
181(24)
Introduction
181(1)
Methods
182(1)
Experimental Studies of bai zhu
182(2)
Anti-gastrointestinal Inflammation
183(1)
Intestinal Protective Effect
183(1)
Anti-gut Hypersensitivity/Anti-gut Allergic Responses
184(1)
Experimental Studies of bai shao/chi shao
184(1)
Anti-visceral Hyperalgesic Effect
184(1)
Improvement of Intestinal Motility
185(1)
Anti-gut Hypersensitivity/Anti-gut Allergic Responses
185(1)
Experimental Studies of gan cao
185(2)
Improvement of Intestinal Motility
186(1)
Experimental Studies of chai hu
187(1)
Anti-gastrointestinal Inflammation
187(1)
Anti-gut Hypersensitivity/Anti-gut Allergic Responses
187(1)
Experimental Studies of fu ling
188(1)
Anti-visceral Hyperalgesic Effect
188(1)
Intestinal Protective Effect/Gastrointestinal Protective Effect
188(1)
Experimental Studies of chen pi/qin pi
188(2)
Improvement of Intestinal Motility
189(1)
Intestinal Protective Effect/Gastrointestinal Protective Effect
189(1)
Experimental Studies of fang feng
190(1)
Anti-inflammatory Activity
190(1)
Anti-gut Hypersensitivity/Anti-gut Allergic Responses
190(1)
Anti-visceral Hyperalgesic Effects
190(1)
Experimental Studies of zhi shi/zhi qiao
191(1)
Anti-intestinal Inflammation
191(1)
Intestinal Laxative Effect
191(1)
Experimental Studies of hou po
192(2)
Improvement of Gastrointestinal Motility
192(1)
Anti-visceral Hyperalgesic Effect
193(1)
Experimental Studies of bing lang/da fu pi
194(2)
Improvement of Gastrointestinal Motility
194(1)
Anti-visceral Hyperalgesic Effect
195(1)
Anti-gut Hypersensitivity/Anti-gut Allergic Responses
195(1)
Experimental Studies of Herbal Formulae
196(1)
Tong xie yao fang
196(1)
SI ni san
196(1)
Summary of Pharmacological Actions of the Common Herbs
197(1)
References
198(7)
7 Clinical Evidence for Acupuncture and Other Chinese Medicine Therapies
205(34)
Introduction
205(1)
Previous Systematic Reviews
206(1)
Identification of Clinical Studies
207(1)
Acupuncture
208(9)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
208(1)
Randomised Controlled Studies
208(2)
Risk of Bias
210(1)
Acupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy
211(1)
Outcomes
212(2)
Electroacupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy
214(1)
Acupuncture + Electroacupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy
215(2)
Acupuncture + Moxibustion vs. Pharmacotherapy
217(1)
Non-randomised Controlled Studies
217(1)
Non-controlled Studies
218(1)
Frequently Reported Acupuncture Points in Meta-analyses Showing Favourable Effect
218(1)
Assessment using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluations
219(2)
Acupuncture vs. Pinaverium Bromide for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
219(1)
Electroacupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
219(2)
Safety of Acupuncture
221(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
222(1)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
222(3)
Acupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy
222(2)
Electroacupuncture
224(1)
Acupuncture + Electroacupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy
225(1)
Frequently Reported Acupuncture Points in Meta-analyses Showing Favourable Effect
225(1)
Assessment using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluations
226(2)
Acupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
226(1)
Electroacupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
226(1)
Safety of Acupuncture
226(2)
Moxibustion
228(3)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Moxibustion
230(1)
Moxibustion vs. Sham Moxibustion for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
230(1)
Moxibustion vs. Conventional Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
230(1)
Safety of Moxibustion
231(1)
Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation
231(2)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation
231(1)
Non-randomised Controlled Clinical Trials of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation
232(1)
Safety of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation
233(1)
Baduanjin Afflfa
233(1)
Summary of Acupuncture and Related Therapies: Clinical Evidence
233(3)
References
236(1)
References for Included Acupuncture Therapies Clinical Studies
237(2)
8 Clinical Evidence for Combination Therapies
239(10)
Introduction
239(2)
Identification of Clinical Studies
239(2)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Combination Therapies
241(5)
Clinical Evidence for Combination Therapies from Randomised Controlled Trials for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhoea
241(1)
Risk of Bias
242(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine + Acupuncture vs. Pharmacotherapy
243(2)
Chinese Herbal Medicine + Transcutaneous Electrical Acupuncture Stimulations vs. Placebo CHM + Sham Transcutaneous Electrical Acupuncture Stimulations
245(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine + Moxibustion vs. Pharmacotherapy
245(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine + Ear-acupressure vs. Pharmacotherapy
245(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine Enema + Acupuncture + Moxibustion vs. Pharmacotherapy
245(1)
Controlled Clinical Trials of Combination Therapies
246(1)
Non-Controlled Studies of Combination Therapies
246(1)
Safety of Combination Therapies
246(1)
Summary of Combination Therapies Evidence
246(1)
References
247(1)
References for Included Combination Therapies: Clinical Studies
248(1)
9 Summary and Conclusions
249(28)
Introduction
249(1)
Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation
250(2)
Chinese Herbal Medicine
252(8)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
253(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulae in Key Clinical Guidelines and Textbooks, Classical Literature and Clinical Studies
254(4)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
258(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulae in Key Clinical Guidelines and Textbooks, Classical Literature and Clinical Studies
258(2)
Acupuncture and Related Therapies
260(7)
Acupuncture Therapies in Key Clinical Guidelines and Textbooks, Classical Literature and Clinical Studies
261(6)
Other Chinese Medicine Therapies
267(1)
Limitations of Evidence
268(2)
Implications for Practice
270(2)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Diarrhoea
270(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Predominant Constipation
271(1)
Implications for Research
272(2)
References
274(3)
Glossary 277(8)
Index 285