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Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine - Volume 11: Acne Vulgaris [Kõva köide]

Editor-in-chief (Rmit Univ, Australia), (Guangdong Provincial Hospital Of Chinese Medicine, China), Editor-in-chief (Guangdong Provincial Hospital Of Chinese Medicine, China), (Rmit Univ, Australia)

The eleventh volume in the Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine series is a must read for Chinese medicine practitioners interested in dermatology. Using a 'whole evidence' approach, this book aims to provide an analysis of the management of acne vulgaris with Chinese and integrative medicine. This book describes the understanding and management of acne vulgaris with conventional medicine and Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine treatments used in past eras are analysed through data mining of classical Chinese medicine books. Several treatments are identified that are still used in contemporary clinical practice. Attention is then turned to evaluating the current state of evidence from clinical studies using an evidence-based medicine approach. Scientific techniques are employed to evaluate the results from studies of Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture and other Chinese medicine therapies. The findings from these reviews are discussed in terms of the implications for clinical practice and research. Chinese medicine practitioners and students can use this book as a desktop reference to support clinical decision making. Having ready access to the current state of evidence for herbal formulas and acupuncture treatments allows practitioners to be confident in providing evidence-based health care. This book provides an innovative 'whole evidence' approach to the management of acne vulgaris. Multiple types of evidence from different sources are reviewed and synthesized to provide a summary of the available evidence. Interventions, including oral and topical Chinese herbal medicine, body and ear acupuncture and combinations of these therapies, are evaluated for their effect on acne lesion count and severity, and impact on health-related quality of life. Chinese medicine treatments that have been frequently used in clinical studies provide guidance for patient care. This book links formulas, herbs and acupuncture points with treatment efficacy, providing the reader with potential for creating new formulas. The editors of this series are internationally recognised, well-respected leaders in the field of Chinese medicine and evidence-based medicine with strong track records in research.

Disclaimer v
Foreword vii
Purpose of This Book xi
Authors and Contributors xv
Members of Advisory Committee and Panel xvii
Professor Charlie Changli Xue xix
Professor Chuanjian Lu xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
List of Figures xxxv
List of Tables xxxvii
1 Introduction to Acne Vulgaris 1(22)
Definition of Acne Vulgaris
1(1)
Clinical Presentation
2(1)
Epidemiology
3(2)
Burden
5(1)
Risk Factors
6(1)
Pathological Processes
7(2)
Diagnosis
9(1)
Management
9(7)
Pharmacological
10(4)
Topical Agents
10(2)
Systemic Antibiotics
12(1)
Hormonal Agents
13(1)
Isotretinoin
14(1)
Miscellaneous Therapies
14(1)
Non-pharmacological
14(1)
Limitations of Conventional Therapy
15(1)
Prognosis
16(1)
References
16(7)
2 Acne Vulgaris in Chinese Medicine 23(14)
Introduction
23(1)
Aetiology and Pathogenesis
24(1)
Syndrome Differentiation and Treatments
24(1)
Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment Based on Syndrome Differentiation
25(5)
Wind-heat Stagnating in the Lung Meridian
25(1)
Dampness-heat Stagnating in Stomach and Intestines; Dampness-heat Stagnating in the Spleen and Stomach; Accumulation of Dampness-heat
26(1)
Heat Stagnating in the Liver Meridian
27(1)
Toxic Heat and Blood Stasis Syndrome
28(1)
Phlegm Obstruction and Blood Stasis
28(1)
Imbalance of Thoroughfare (Chong) and Conception (Ren) Vessels
29(1)
Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment
30(2)
Acupuncture Therapies
32(1)
Other Management Strategies
33(1)
Prognosis
34(1)
References
34(3)
3 Classical Chinese Medicine Literature 37(28)
Introduction
37(1)
Search Terms
38(1)
Search Procedure and Data Coding
39(1)
Data Analysis Procedure
39(3)
Search Results
42(1)
Citations Related to Acne
43(1)
Definitions of the Condition and Aetiology
43(2)
Chinese Medicine Syndromes
45(1)
Symptoms Described in Possible Acne Citations
46(2)
Chinese Herbal Medicine
48(13)
Frequency of Treatment Citations by Dynasty
49(1)
Treatment with Chinese Herbal Medicine
49(10)
Most Frequent Formulas in Possible Acne Citations
50(2)
Most Frequent Herbs in Possible Acne Citations
52(1)
Most Frequent Formulas in Most Likely Acne Citations
53(5)
Most Frequent Herbs in Most Likely Acne Citations
58(1)
Discussion of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Acne
59(2)
Other Chinese Medicine Therapies
61(1)
Classical Literature in Perspective
61(2)
References
63(2)
4 Methods for Evaluating Clinical Evidence 65(14)
Introduction
65(1)
Search Strategy
66(1)
Inclusion Criteria
67(1)
Exclusion Criteria
68(1)
Outcomes
69(2)
Lesion Count and Acne Grading
69(1)
Health-related Quality of Life
69(1)
Effective Rate
70(1)
Risk of Bias Assessment
71(3)
Statistical Analyses
74(1)
Assessment Using GRADE
75(1)
References
76(3)
5 Clinical Evidence for Chinese Herbal Medicine 79(104)
Introduction
79(1)
Previous Systematic Reviews
79(2)
Identification of Clinical Studies
81(1)
Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
81(43)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
81(37)
Risk of Bias
87(1)
Outcomes
88(1)
Lesion Count
88(9)
Non-inflammatory lesions
89(2)
Inflammatory lesions
91(4)
Total lesion count
95(2)
Acne Grading
97(5)
Oral Chinese herbal medicine vs. pharmacotherapy
97(1)
Oral Chinese herbal medicine vs. phototherapy
98(1)
Oral Chinese herbal medicine plus pharmacotherapy vs. pharmacotherapy
99(1)
Oral Chinese herbal medicine plus phototherapy vs. phototherapy
99(2)
Oral Chinese herbal medicine plus pharmacotherapy and phototherapy vs. pharmacotherapy and phototherapy
101(1)
Oral Chinese herbal medicine plus dietary/lifestyle advice vs. placebo plus dietary/lifestyle advice
101(1)
Recurrence Rate
102(3)
Health-related Quality of Life
105(1)
Effective Rate
106(1)
Frequently Reported Orally Used Herbs in Meta-analyses Showing Favourable Effect
107(2)
Assessment Using GRADE
109(8)
Oral CHM alone vs. topical therapy
109(1)
Oral CHM alone vs. systemic antibiotics plus other treatments
110(2)
Oral CHM as IM vs. topical therapy
112(2)
Oral CHM as IM vs. systemic antibiotics plus other treatments
114(1)
Pi pa qing fei yin alone vs. topical therapies
115(1)
Pi pa qing fei yin alone vs. systemic antibiotics plus other treatments
115(1)
Pi pa qing fei yin as IM vs. topical therapies
115(1)
Pi pa qing fei yin as IM vs. systemic antibiotics plus other treatments
116(1)
Wu wei xiao du yin alone vs. topical therapy
116(1)
Wu wei xiao du yin as IM vs. topical therapy
116(1)
Tanshinone capsules alone vs. topical therapy
117(1)
Tanshinone capsules as IM vs. topical therapy
117(1)
Safety of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine in Randomised Controlled Trials
117(1)
Controlled Clinical Trials of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
118(3)
Safety of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine in Controlled Clinical Trials
121(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine
121(3)
Safety of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine in Non-controlled Studies
122(2)
Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
124(26)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
124(8)
Risk of Bias
126(2)
Outcomes
128(1)
Lesion Count
129(1)
Acne Grading
130(1)
Recurrence Rate
130(1)
Effective Rate
131(1)
Assessment Using GRADE
131(1)
Safety of Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine in Randomised Controlled Trials
132(1)
Controlled Clinical Trials of Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
132(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
133(2)
Safety of Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine in Non-controlled Studies
133(2)
Oral plus Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
135(12)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Oral plus Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
135(3)
Risk of Bias
138(1)
Outcomes
138(1)
Lesion Count
139(1)
Acne Grading
139(2)
Recurrence Rate
141(1)
Effective Rate
142(1)
Frequently Reported Herbs Used Orally and Topically Used Herbs in Meta-analyses Showing Favourable Effect
142(1)
Assessment Using GRADE
143(3)
Oral plus topical CHM alone vs. systemic antibiotics plus other treatments
144(2)
Safety of Oral plus Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine in Randomised Controlled Trials
146(1)
Controlled Clinical Trials of Oral plus Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
147(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Oral plus Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine
147(3)
Safety of Oral plus Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine in Non-controlled Studies
148(2)
Clinical Evidence for Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatments
150(7)
Traditional Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulas
150(3)
Pi pa qing fei yin
150(2)
Qin lian ping wei san (modified)
152(1)
Tao hong si wu tang plus Er chen tang (modified)
152(1)
Xiao yao san (modified)
152(1)
Yin chen hao tang (modified)
152(1)
Manufactured Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine Products
153(3)
Da huang zhe chong wan
153(1)
Tanshinone capsules
154(1)
Dang gui ku shen wan
155(1)
Fang feng tong sheng wan
156(1)
Xiao yao wan
156(1)
Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulas
156(28)
Dian dao san
156(1)
Summary of Chinese Herbal Medicine Clinical Evidence
157(3)
References
160(1)
References for Included Chinese Herbal Medicine Clinical Studies
161(22)
6 Pharmacological Actions of Frequently Used Herbs 183(26)
Introduction
183(1)
Methods
184(1)
Experimental Studies on bai hua she she cao
184(2)
Antimicrobial Actions
185(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
185(1)
Proinflammatory Actions
186(1)
Other Actions Related to Acne
186(1)
Experimental Studies on chi shao
186(2)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
187(1)
Antioxidant Properties
187(1)
Experimental Studies on da huang
188(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
188(1)
Experimental Studies on dan Shen
189(1)
Antimicrobial Actions
189(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
190(1)
Experimental Studies on huang qin
190(2)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
191(1)
Other Actions Related to Acne
192(1)
Experimental Studies on jin yin hua
192(1)
Antimicrobial Actions
192(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
193(1)
Experimental Studies on lian qiao
193(2)
Antimicrobial Actions
194(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
194(1)
Experimental Studies on pu gong ying
195(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
195(1)
Experimental Studies on sang bai pi
196(2)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
196(2)
Experimental Studies on sheng di huang
198(1)
Antimicrobial Actions
198(1)
Anti-inflammatory Actions
199(1)
Summary of Pharmacological Actions of the Common Herbs
199(1)
References
200(9)
7 Clinical Evidence for Acupuncture and Related Therapies 209(14)
Introduction
209(1)
Previous Systematic Reviews
210(1)
Identification of Clinical Studies
211(1)
Acupuncture
211(7)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Acupuncture
211(5)
Risk of Bias
213(1)
Outcomes
214(1)
Acne Grading
215(1)
Effective Rate
215(1)
Frequently Reported Acupuncture Points in Meta-analysis Showing Favourable Results
215(1)
Assessment Using GRADE
216(1)
Acupuncture vs. Topical Therapy
216(1)
Controlled Studies of Acupuncture
216(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Acupuncture
217(1)
Safety of Acupuncture
218(1)
Ear Acupuncture/Acupressure
218(1)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Ear Acupuncture
218(1)
Non-controlled Studies of Ear Acupressure
219(1)
Clinical Evidence for Commonly Used Acupuncture and Related Therapies
219(1)
Acupuncture
220(1)
Ear Acupuncture/Acupressure
220(1)
Summary of Acupuncture and Related Therapies Clinical Evidence
220(1)
References
221(1)
References for Included Acupuncture Therapies Clinical Studies
222(1)
8 Clinical Evidence for Combination Therapies 223(6)
Introduction
223(1)
Randomised Controlled Trials of Combination Therapies
223(4)
Risk of Bias
226(1)
Clinical Evidence for Combination Therapies from Randomised Controlled Trials
226(1)
Safety of Combination Therapies
227(1)
Summary of Combination Therapies Evidence
227(1)
References
228(1)
References for Included Combination Therapies Clinical Studies
228(1)
9 Summary and Conclusions 229(20)
Introduction
229(1)
Chinese Medicine Syndrome Differentiation
230(1)
Chinese Herbal Medicine
231(5)
Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulas in Key Clinical Guidelines and Textbooks, Classical Literature and Clinical Studies
233(3)
Acupuncture and Related Therapies
236(4)
Acupuncture Therapies in Key Clinical Guidelines and Textbooks, Classical Literature and Clinical Studies
239(1)
Limitations of Evidence
240(4)
Implications for Practice
244(1)
Implications for Research
245(3)
Clinical Trial Design
246(2)
References
248(1)
Glossary 249(8)
Index 257