| Acronyms |
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ix | |
| Abstract |
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1 | (2) |
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Acknowledgments |
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3 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 History of Controlled-Source Seismology-A Brief Summary |
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7 | (40) |
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2.1 Introduction and Worldwide Reviews |
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7 | (1) |
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2.2 Reviews at Regional Scales |
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7 | (1) |
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2.3 The First 100 Years (1845-1945) |
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7 | (3) |
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2.4 The 1940s (1940-1950) |
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10 | (1) |
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2.5 The 1950s (1950-1960) |
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11 | (2) |
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2.6 The 1960s (1960-1970) |
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13 | (6) |
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2.7 The 1970s (1970-1980) |
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19 | (3) |
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2.8 The 1980s (1980-1990) |
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22 | (13) |
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2.9 The 1990s and Early 2000s (1990-2005) |
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35 | (5) |
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40 | (7) |
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Chapter 3 The First 100 Years (1845-1945) |
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47 | (12) |
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3.1 The Beginning of Seismology |
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47 | (1) |
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3.2 Early Crustal Structure Investigations from Seismological Observations since 1898 |
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48 | (3) |
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3.3 The First Steps into Controlled-Source Seismology-1851-1945 |
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51 | (8) |
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Chapter 4 The 1940s (1940-1950) |
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59 | (12) |
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4.1 The Late 1940s in Central Europe |
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59 | (2) |
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4.2 Crustal Study Activities in the 1940s Outside Central Europe |
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61 | (2) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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4.3 Seismic-Refraction Work at Sea |
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63 | (3) |
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4.4 State of the Art at the Beginning of the 1950s |
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66 | (5) |
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Chapter 5 The 1950s (1950-1960) |
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71 | (42) |
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5.1 Seismic-Refraction Investigations in Western Europe in the 1950s |
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71 | (3) |
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5.2 The Beginning of Seismic-Refraction Investigations in North America |
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74 | (6) |
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5.3 Seismic-Refraction Investigations in Eastern Europe in the 1950s |
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80 | (7) |
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5.4 Early Explosion-Seismic Studies in Japan |
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87 | (1) |
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5.5 Early Explosion-Seismic Studies in the Southern Hemisphere |
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88 | (1) |
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5.5.1 Australia and New Zealand |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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5.5.3 South America and Antarctica |
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88 | (1) |
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5.6 Seismic-Refraction Oceanic Explorations of the Crust in the 1950s |
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89 | (18) |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (11) |
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5.6.3 Pacific and Indian Oceans |
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102 | (4) |
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5.6.4 Summary of Seismic Observations in the Oceans in the 1950S |
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106 | (1) |
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5.7 Results and Achievements |
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107 | (6) |
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Chapter 6 The 1960s (1960-1970) |
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113 | (86) |
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6.1 Crustal Structure Research by Quarry Blast Observations and Borehole Shooting |
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113 | (1) |
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6.2 Seismic-Refraction Investigations in Western Europe in the 1960s |
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113 | (18) |
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113 | (3) |
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6.2.2 Seismic-Refraction Experiments in Central and Western Europe |
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116 | (4) |
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6.2.3 Seismic Research in Britain and Scandinavia |
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120 | (2) |
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6.2.4 Crustal Research in the Alps, Southern France, and Italy |
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122 | (7) |
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6.2.5 Advances in Theory and Interpretation |
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129 | (2) |
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6.3 The International Deep Seismic Sounding Investigation of Southeastern Europe |
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131 | (6) |
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131 | (2) |
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6.3.2 The 1960s in Poland |
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133 | (2) |
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6.3.3 International Profiles through Czechoslovakia |
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135 | (1) |
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6.3.4 Seismic Research in Eastern Germany in the 1960s |
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135 | (1) |
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6.3.5 International Profiles through Hungary |
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136 | (1) |
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6.3.6 International Profile III through the Dinarides of Yugoslavia |
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136 | (1) |
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6.3.7 International Profiles through Bulgaria |
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136 | (1) |
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6.3.8 International Profiles through Romania |
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137 | (1) |
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6.4 Seismic Crustal Studies in the USSR |
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137 | (8) |
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6.5 Seismic-Refraction Investigations in North America in the 1960s |
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145 | (24) |
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6.5.1 Western United States |
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145 | (14) |
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6.5.2 Central and Eastern North America |
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159 | (4) |
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6.5.3 Achievements in the United States |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (4) |
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6.5.5 Upper Mantle Projects in North America |
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168 | (1) |
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6.6 Explosion Seismology Research in Southeast Asia in the 1960s |
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169 | (1) |
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6.7 Explosion Seismology Research in the Southern Hemisphere Continents in the 1960s |
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170 | (6) |
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170 | (3) |
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6.7.2 Africa and the Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (2) |
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6.8 Seismic-Refraction Explorations of the Crust Beneath the Oceans in the 1960s |
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176 | (22) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (4) |
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181 | (8) |
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189 | (9) |
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6.8.5 Summary of Seismic Observations in the Oceans in the 1960s |
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198 | (1) |
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6.9 The State of the Art at the End of the 1960s |
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198 | (1) |
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Chapter 7 The 1970s (1970-1980) |
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199 | (112) |
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7.1 The Decade of International Cooperation |
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199 | (1) |
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7.2 Controlled-Source Seismology in Europe |
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200 | (35) |
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7.2.1 Fine Structure of the Lower Lithosphere-The First West European Long-Range Profile |
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200 | (4) |
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7.2.2 Crustal Research of the Central European Rift System and the Variscan Basement |
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204 | (1) |
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7.2.3 The Mediterranean Region |
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205 | (7) |
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7.2.4 Fine Structure of the Lower Lithosphere-The Second Stage of Long-Range Profiling |
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212 | (9) |
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7.2.5 Continued Explorations of Anomalous Areas and a Second Stage of Deep-Seismic Reflection Campaigns in Central Europe |
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221 | (4) |
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7.2.6 The Third Stage of Long-Range Profiling |
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225 | (4) |
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7.2.7 Deep Seismic Sounding Projects in Eastern Europe |
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229 | (6) |
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7.3 Deep-Seismic Sounding in Eastern Europe and Adjacent Asia (USSR) |
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235 | (3) |
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7.4 Controlled-Source Seismology in North America |
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238 | (14) |
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7.4.1 Crustal Seismic-Refraction Work in the United States |
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238 | (5) |
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7.4.2 New Seismic-Recording Equipment Opens a New Stage of Crustal Research |
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243 | (5) |
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7.4.3 The First Large-Scale Continental Reflection Profiling Project (COCORP and U.S. Geological Survey) |
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248 | (3) |
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251 | (1) |
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7.5 The Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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252 | (4) |
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7.5.1 The Northern End of the East-African Rift System |
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252 | (2) |
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7.5.2 First Crustal Studies of the Dead Sea Rift, around the Red Sea, and in Iran |
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254 | (2) |
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7.6 Deep Seismic Sounding Studies in Southeast Asia |
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256 | (5) |
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256 | (3) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (2) |
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7.7 Controlled-Source Seismology in the Southern Hemisphere |
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261 | (9) |
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7.7.1 Australia and New Zealand |
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261 | (6) |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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7.8 Oceanic Deep Structure Research |
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270 | (35) |
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270 | (5) |
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275 | (15) |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (13) |
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7.8.5 Summary of Seismic Observations in the Oceans in the 1970s |
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304 | (1) |
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7.9 Advances in Interpretation Methodology |
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305 | (3) |
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7.10 The State of the Art at the Beginning of the 1980s |
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308 | (3) |
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Chapter 8 The 1980s (1980-1990) |
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311 | (132) |
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8.1 The Decade of Large-Scale Reflection Seismology and Seismic Ray Tracing |
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311 | (1) |
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8.2 Controlled-Source Seismology Workshops |
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311 | (2) |
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8.3 Controlled-Source Seismology in Europe |
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313 | (40) |
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8.3.1 Large-Scale Seismic-Reflection Surveys in Western Europe |
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314 | (2) |
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8.3.1.1 British Isles (BIRPS and Other Seismic-Reflection Surveys) |
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316 | (2) |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (1) |
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320 | (4) |
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324 | (1) |
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8.3.1.6 BABEL (Scandinavia) |
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324 | (2) |
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8.3.2 Seismic-Refraction Studies in the British Isles and Ireland |
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326 | (4) |
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8.3.3 The German Deep Drillhole Project KTB |
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330 | (1) |
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8.3.3.1 Black Forest Location |
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330 | (2) |
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8.3.3.2 Oberpfalz Location |
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332 | (3) |
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8.3.4 The European Geotraverse |
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335 | (5) |
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8.3.4.1 The Northern Segment |
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340 | (2) |
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8.3.4.2 The Central Segment |
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342 | (4) |
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8.3.4.3 The Southern Segment and Other Investigations in Northwest Africa |
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346 | (4) |
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8.3.4.4 Iberian Lithosphere Heterogeneity and Anisotropy Project |
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350 | (2) |
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8.3.5 Deep-Seismic Sounding Projects in Eastern Europe |
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352 | (1) |
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8.4 Deep Seismic Sounding Projects in Eastern Europe and Adjacent Asia (USSR) |
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353 | (4) |
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8.5 Controlled-Source Seismology in North America |
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357 | (34) |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (6) |
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8.5.3 Continental United States |
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363 | (1) |
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8.5.3.1 Seismic-Reflection Surveys |
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363 | (4) |
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8.5.3.2 Seismic-Refraction Projects in the Pacific States |
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367 | (6) |
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8.5.3.3 Seismic-Refraction Projects in Basin and Range and Rocky Mountains |
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373 | (6) |
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8.5.3.4 Seismic Projects in the Eastern United States |
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379 | (6) |
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385 | (6) |
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8.6 The Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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391 | (6) |
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8.6.1 Crustal Studies of the Dead and Red Sea Areas |
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391 | (5) |
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8.6.2 The First Project of Kenya Rift International Seismic Project |
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396 | (1) |
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8.7 Deep Seismic Sounding Studies in Southeast Asia |
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397 | (11) |
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397 | (3) |
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400 | (5) |
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405 | (3) |
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8.8 Controlled-Source Seismology in the Southern Hemisphere |
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408 | (9) |
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8.8.1 Australia and New Zealand |
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408 | (6) |
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414 | (1) |
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415 | (1) |
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416 | (1) |
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8.9 Deep Seismic Sounding Studies in the Oceans |
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417 | (23) |
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417 | (3) |
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420 | (4) |
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424 | (1) |
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425 | (14) |
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8.9.5 Summary of Seismic Observations in the Oceans in the 1980s |
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|
439 | (1) |
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8.10 Advances of Instrumental and Interpretation Methodology and the State of Art at the End of the 1980s |
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440 | (3) |
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Chapter 9 The 1990s (1990-2000) |
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443 | (210) |
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9.1 The First Decade of Digital Recording |
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443 | (5) |
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9.1.1 The North American Controlled-Source Seismology Community |
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444 | (2) |
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9.1.2 The European Controlled-Source Seismology Community |
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446 | (2) |
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9.2 Controlled-Source Seismology in Europe |
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448 | (36) |
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9.2.1 The British Isles and Ireland |
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448 | (2) |
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450 | (12) |
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462 | (8) |
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470 | (11) |
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9.2.5 North Sea and Northern Europe |
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481 | (3) |
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9.3 Deep Seismic Sounding in Eastern Europe and Adjacent Asia (Former USSR) |
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484 | (14) |
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9.4 Controlled-Source Seismology in North America |
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498 | (38) |
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498 | (1) |
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499 | (1) |
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9.4.1.2 LITHOPROBE Eastern Canadian Shield Onshore-Offshore Transect |
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500 | (1) |
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9.4.1.3 LITHOPROBE Abitibi-Grenville Transect |
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501 | (2) |
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9.4.1.4 Western Superior Transect |
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503 | (1) |
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9.4.1.5 Trans-Hudson Orogen Transect |
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503 | (2) |
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9.4.1.6 Alberta Basement Transect and "Deep Probe" |
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505 | (2) |
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9.4.1.7 Slave Northern Cordillera Lithospheric Evolution |
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507 | (2) |
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509 | (1) |
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509 | (3) |
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9.4.2.2 Pacific Northwest |
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512 | (7) |
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9.4.2.3 San Andreas Fault Region |
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519 | (7) |
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9.4.2.4 Sierra Nevada and Basin and Range Province |
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526 | (3) |
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9.4.2.5 The Rocky Mountain Region |
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529 | (6) |
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9.4.2.6 The Southern Appalachian-Atlantic Coast Region |
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535 | (1) |
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9.5 The Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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536 | (14) |
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9.5.1 The East African Rift System in Kenya |
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536 | (8) |
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9.5.2 The East African Rift System in Tanzania |
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544 | (2) |
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9.5.3 The Jordan-Dead Sea Transform |
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546 | (4) |
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9.6 Deep Seismic Sounding Studies in Southeast Asia |
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550 | (19) |
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9.6.1 India and Indonesia |
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550 | (1) |
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551 | (13) |
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564 | (5) |
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9.7 Controlled-Source Seismology in the Southern Hemisphere |
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569 | (34) |
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9.7.1 Australia and New Zealand |
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|
569 | (1) |
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569 | (9) |
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578 | (6) |
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584 | (1) |
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9.7.3 Central and South America |
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584 | (1) |
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9.7.3.1 Mexico and Costa Rica |
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584 | (2) |
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9.7.3.2 Northeastern South America |
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586 | (2) |
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9.7.3.3 Southern Andean Region of South America |
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588 | (11) |
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599 | (4) |
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9.8 Oceanic Deep Structure Research |
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603 | (47) |
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603 | (1) |
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603 | (13) |
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616 | (4) |
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620 | (1) |
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9.8.4.1 South Atlantic Ocean |
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620 | (4) |
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9.8.4.2 Mid-Atlantic Ridge |
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624 | (14) |
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9.8.4.3 North Atlantic Ocean |
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638 | (11) |
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9.8.5 Summary of Seismic Observations in the Oceans in the 1990s |
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649 | (1) |
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9.9 Advances in Interpretation Methodology |
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650 | (2) |
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9.10 The State of the Art Around 2000 |
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652 | (1) |
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Chapter 10 The Twenty-first Century (2000-2005) |
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653 | (54) |
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10.1 The Second Decade of Digital Recording |
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653 | (1) |
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10.2 Controlled-Source Seismology in Europe |
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654 | (7) |
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10.2.1 Western and Southern Europe |
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654 | (1) |
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655 | (1) |
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10.2.3 Central and Eastern Europe |
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655 | (6) |
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661 | (3) |
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10.3.1 The Pacific States of the United States |
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661 | (2) |
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10.3.2 Basin and Range Province and Rio Grande Rift |
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663 | (1) |
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10.4 The Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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664 | (2) |
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10.4.1 The Jordan-Dead Sea Transform |
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664 | (1) |
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10.4.2 The East African Rift System in Ethiopia |
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665 | (1) |
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10.5 Controlled-Source Seismology in Southeast Asia |
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666 | (4) |
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666 | (1) |
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666 | (1) |
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10.5.3 Japan and South Korea |
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667 | (3) |
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10.6 Controlled-Source Seismology in the Southern Hemisphere |
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670 | (7) |
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10.6.1 Australia and New Zealand |
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|
670 | (4) |
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|
674 | (1) |
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675 | (2) |
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10.7 Oceanic Deep Structure Research |
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677 | (13) |
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677 | (2) |
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679 | (5) |
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684 | (1) |
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685 | (5) |
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10.7.5 Summary of Seismic Observations in the Oceans from 1950 to 2005 |
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|
690 | (1) |
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10.8 The State of the Art around 2006 and Outlook |
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690 | (17) |
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707 | |
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Appendix on Accompanying DVD |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 2 |
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A2-1 Prodehl,
1998. Crustal record sections-A guide to pattern recognition |
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A2-2 Finlayson,
2010. A Chronicle of Deep Seismic Profiling across Australian Crust and its Margins, 1946-2006 |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 3 |
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A3-1 Mintrop, 1947a, 1947b. 100 Jahre physikalische Erdbebenforschung und Sprengseismik (information) |
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A3-2 Ritter et al.,
2000. History of Seismology in Gottingen |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 4 |
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A4-1 Reinhardt,
1954. Steinbruchsprengungen zur Erforschung des tieferen Untergrundes |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 5 |
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A5-1 Steinhart and Meyer,
1961. Explosion studies of continental structure |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 6 |
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A6-1 Record sections of quarry blasts and other sources from 1958 to 1972 in central Europe |
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A6-2 Basic data of shotpoints and profiles in central Europe from 1958 to 1972 |
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A6-3 Record sections of seismic-refraction profiles in the Alps before 1975 |
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A6-4 Basic data of shotpoints and profiles in the Alps and the Massif Central |
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A6-5 Publications on crustal structure of southeastern Europe |
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A6-6 Record sections of seismic-refraction profiles in the western United States recorded from 1961 to 1963 |
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A6-7 Basic data of the 1961 to 1963 seismic-refraction profiles in the western United States |
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A6-8 Record sections of seismic-refraction profiles in the Southern Rocky Mountains and adjacent Great Plains recorded from 1963 to 1965 |
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A6-9 Warren,
1972. Crustal calibration of the Large Aperture Seismic Array (LASA), Montana |
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A6-10 Record sections of the 1967 seismic refraction profiles in central California, USA |
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A6-11 Record sections of profiles in the central and eastern United States |
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A6-12 Record sections of seismic refraction work in South America |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 7 |
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A7-1 Prodehl,
1984. Structure of the earth's crust and upper mantle |
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A7-2 Record sections and corresponding abstracts of the Mediterranean area |
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A7-3 Record sections and corresponding (extended) abstracts of the Alpine area |
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A7-4 Record sections and corresponding (extended) abstracts of long-range profiles in Europe |
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A7-5 Record sections and Open-File Reports of profiles in North America |
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A7-6 Record sections and Open-File Reports of profiles in the Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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A7-7 Record sections and reports of seismic profiles in Australia |
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A7-8 Record sections of seismic profiles in southern Africa |
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A7-9 Record sections of seismic profiles in South America |
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A7-10 Record sections for oceanic areas |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 8 |
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A8-1 Record sections and Open-File Reports for Europe and northern Asia |
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A8-2 Meissner et al.,
1987. The Moho in Europe |
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A8-3 Record sections and Open-File Reports for North America |
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A8-4 Braile et al.,
1989. Seismic properties of crust and uppermost mantle in North America |
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A8-5 Record sections for oceanic areas (North Atlantic Ocean) |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 9 |
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A9-1 Record sections and Open-File Reports for Europe and northwest Africa |
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A9-2 Record sections and Open-File Reports for North America |
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A9-3 Record sections and Open-File Reports for the Afro-Arabian Rift System |
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A9-4 Record sections of seismic profiles in East Asia |
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A9-5 Record sections of seismic profiles in South America and Antarctica |
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A9-6 Record sections for oceanic areas (North Atlantic Ocean) |
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Data and Information for
Chapter 10 |
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A10-1 Record sections of seismic profiles in Europe |
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A10-2 Open-File reports for seismic observations in North America |
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A10-3 Record sections of seismic profiles in East Asia (Japan) |
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