This book explains how and why Zimbabwe’s extractive industry indigenisation over-promised its benefits yet under-delivered upon implementation. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of the extractive industries, natural resource management, African politics and African development.
This book explains how and why Zimbabwe’s extractive industry indigenisation over-promised its benefits yet under-delivered upon implementation.
This book traces the history of uneven development in Zimbabwe from the initial days of colonialism to the present, using the extractive industry as the unit of analysis to carve out a granular and empirical analysis of the preponderance of transnational corporate control and ownership in the country. Indigenisation of Zimbabwe's extractive industries was intended to address mining inequalities by transferring wealth from rich non-indigenous mining capital to disadvantaged indigenous citizens and communities. This policy, however, was a response to political, economic, and social crises posed by the international isolation of Zimbabwe’s government following the controversial Fast Track Land Reform Programme in 2000-2003. An intervention, therefore, which promised to address inequalities has thus been hampered by corruption, co-optation and collusion which has led to it not only failing to address uneven development, but in actual fact worsening the situation. By examining the hidden structures and infrastructures of power, capital, and minerals and placing extractive industry indigenisation in capitalism, the book makes a crucial scholarly contribution to the renewed and burgeoning debates around the resurgence of resource nationalism in general and the struggle for economic sovereignty in particular. The book steers readers more broadly to look for new and diversified ways of empowering indigenous populations and their communities through mining indigenisation in ways that do not threaten economic and political stability.
This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of the extractive industries, natural resource management, African politics and African development.
1. Introduction
2. Neo-Extractivism, Resource Nationalism and Green
Imperialism
3. The Colonial Mining Regime: Extractivism, Accumulation and
Dispossession
4. But then what is Indigenisation?
5. Contested Framings of
Indigeneity and Impact of Indigenisation in Zimbabwe
6. Community and Share
Ownership Trusts: The Controversies around them
7. The Indigenisation
Programme and the Natural Capital Accounting in Zimbabwe
8. Political
Settlements and Zimbabwe's Extractive Industry Indigenisation
9. Business
Fronting, Beneficial Ownership and Political Settlements
10. Regime
Survivalism and Private Accumulation of Public Resources Objectives
11. Green
Colonialism, the Second Republic and The Reversal of the Indigenisation
Programme
12. Conclusion: Policy Recommendations and the Proposed Way Forward
Kennedy Manduna is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the International Research Group on Authoritarianism and Counter-Strategies (IRGAC), hosted by the Wits School of Governance at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. He holds several academic affiliations, including Associate Fellow at the International Research Group on Authoritarianism and Counter-Strategies, Visiting Scholar and Fellow at the University of Potsdam and Academic Trustee at the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation, Germany.
